1,720,962 research outputs found
A new purpose for the W-boson mass measurement: Searching for New Physics in lepton+MET
No full textWe show that the m(W) measurement is a direct probe of New Physics (NP) contributing to l + MET, independently from indirect tests via the electroweak fit. Such NP modifies the kinematic distributions used to extract m(W), necessitating a simultaneous fit to m(W) and NP. This effect can in principle bias the m(W) measurement, but only to a limited extent for our considered models. Given that, we demonstrate that the agreement at high-precision with SM-predicted shapes results in bounds competitive to, if not exceeding, existing ones for two examples: anomalous W decay involving a L-mu - L-tau gauge boson and (v) over tilde (l)(l) over tilde production in the MSSM
Energy-peak based method to measure top quark mass via B-hadron decay lengths
Full text linkWe develop a method for the determination of the top quark mass using the
distribution of the decay length of the -hadrons originating from its decay.
This technique is based on our earlier observation regarding the location of
the peak of the quark energy distribution. Such "energy-peak" methods enjoy
a greater degree of model-independence with respect to the kinematics of top
quark production compared to earlier proposals. The CMS experiment has
implemented the energy-peak method using associated -jet energy as an
approximation for quark energy. The new method uses -hadron decay
lengths, which are related to quark energies by convolution. The advantage
of the new decay length method is that it can be applied in a way that evades
jet-energy scale (JES) uncertainties. Indeed, CMS has measured the top quark
mass using -hadron decay lengths, but they did not incorporate the
energy-peak method. Therefore, mismodeling of top quark transverse momentum
remains a large uncertainty in their result. We demonstrate that, using
energy-peak methods, this systematic uncertainty can become negligible. We show
that with the current LHC data set, a sub-GeV statistical uncertainty on the
top quark mass can be attained with this method. To achieve a comparable
systematic uncertainty as is true for many methods based on exclusive or
semi-inclusive observables using hadrons, we find that the quark-hadron
transition needs to be described significantly better than is the case with
current fragmentation functions and hadronization models.Comment: 30 pages, 9 figure
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Unifying Searches for New Physics with Precision Measurements of the W Boson Mass
No full textThe Standard Model (SM) of particle physics has been extremely successful in describing the interactions of electromagnetic, weak nuclear, and strong nuclear forces. Yet, there are both unexplained phenomena and experimentally observed tensions with the SM, motivating searches for new physics (NP).
Collider experiments typically perform two kinds of analyses: direct searches for new physics and precision measurements of SM observables. For example, experimental collaborations use collider data to search for NP particles like the heavy superpartners of the SM particles, whose observation would be clear evidence of supersymmetry (SUSY). These direct searches often consider kinematic regions where the SM background is small. This strategy is unable to probe regions of the NP parameter space where the SM background is dominant.
The same collaborations also measure the masses of SM particles, which not only serve as consistency tests of the SM, but can also probe effects of NP. In 2022, the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) collaboration published the most precise measurement of the boson mass: = 80433.5 9.4 MeV. This measurement is in significance tension with the SM prediction via the electroweak (EW) fit, = 80354 7 MeV. Many extensions to the SM can affect the prediction of with indirect effects of heavy NP. However, in 2023, the ATLAS re-measurement of the boson mass, = 80360 16 MeV, was found to be consistent with the SM prediction. Both collaborations found a high-precision agreement between the measured kinematic distributions and the SM prediction of the kinematic distributions for their corresponding extracted .
We propose using the precision measurements of to directly probe NP contributing to the same final state used to measure : a single charged lepton and missing transverse energy \met. This strategy is independent of modifying the EW fit, which tests indirect effects of NP on the predicted value of . Any NP producing \ell+\met which modifies the kinematic distributions used to extract can be probed with this method. With this strategy, since these distributions are used to search for NP while measuring , a simultaneous fit of NP and SM parameters is required, thus unifying searches and measurements. This simultaneous fitting can induce a bias in the measured , but only to a limited extent for our considered models.
We consider three categories of NP which can be probed: () modified decay of bosons; () modified production of bosons; and () \ell+\met scenarios without an on-shell boson. We also show that models whose signals extend beyond the kinematic region used to measure can be probed in an intermediate kinematic region. Our results highlight that new physics can still be discovered at the LHC, including light new physics, via SM precision measurements. Additionally, anticipated improvements in precision SM measurements at the High Luminosity LHC further enables new searches for physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM)
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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