1,721,104 research outputs found
Weighted Shared-Autonomy with Assistance-to-Target and Collision Avoidance for Intelligent Assistive Robotics
No full textIntelligent Assistive Robotics (IAR) has been recently introduced as a branch of Service Robotics developing semi-autonomous robots helping people with physical disability in daily-living activities. Literature often focuses on the development of assistive robots with a single semi-autonomous behavior, while the integration of multiple assistance is rarely considered. In this paper, we propose a novel shared-autonomy controller integrating the contribution of two semi-autonomous behavioral modules: an assistance-to-target module, adjusting user’s input to simplify the target reaching, and a collision avoidance module, moving the robot away from trajectories leading to possible collisions with obstacles. An arbitration function based on the risk of collision is introduced to prevent conflicts between the two behaviors. The proposed controller has been successfully evaluated both offline and online in a reach-to-grasp task with a simulated robotic manipulator. Results show that the proposed methods significantly reduced not only the time to complete the task with respect to the pure teleoperation or controllers including just one semi-autonomous behavior, but also the user’s workload controlling the manipulator with a wearable interface. The context-awareness employed by the IAR may increase the reliability of the human-robot interaction, pushing forward the use of this technology in complex environments to assist disabled people at home
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A neural approach to the Turing Test: The role of emotions
Full text linkAs is well known, the Turing Test proposes the possibility of distinguishing the behavior of a machine from that of a human being through an experimental session. The Turing Test assesses whether a person asking questions to two different entities, can tell from their answers which of them is the human being and which is the machine. With the progress of Artificial Intelligence, the number of contexts in which the capacities of response of a machine will be indistinguishable from those of a human being is expected to increase rapidly. In order to configure a Turing Test in which it is possible to distinguish human behavior from machine behavior independently from the advances of Artificial Intelligence, at least in the short-medium term, it would be important to base it not on the differences between man and machine in terms of performance and dialogue capacity, but on some specific characteristic of the human mind that cannot be reproduced by the machine even in principle. We studied a new kind of test based on the hypothesis that such characteristic of the human mind exists and can be made experimentally evident. This peculiar characteristic is the emotional content of human cognition and, more specifically, its link with memory enhancement. To validate this hypothesis we recorded the EEG signals of 39 subjects that underwent a specific test and analyzed their signals with a neural network able to label similar signal patterns with similar binary codes. The results showed that, with a statistically significant difference, the test participants more easily recognized images associated in the past with an emotional reaction than those not associated with such a reaction. This distinction in our view is not accessible to a software system, even AI-based, and a Turing Test based on this feature of the mind may make distinguishable human versus machine responses
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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