1,720,975 research outputs found
PEMANFAATAN JANJANG KOSONG SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PUPUK TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT
No full textKemajuan teknologi dan industri dimanfaatkan manusia untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya. Sudah terbukti kemajuan teknologi dan industri identik dengan kemajuan kualitas hidup manusia. Jadi kemajuan tersebut berdampak positif terhadap kualitas hidup manusia. Namun disisi lain manusia ketakutan akan pencemaran lingkungan yang ditimbulkannya. Hal ini dapat dipahami karena apabila lingkungan tercemar makan daya dukung alam bagi kehidupan manusia menjadi terganggu. Limbah yang dihasilkan dari suatu proses sedapat mungkin dikendalikan dari sumberdaya dengan cara mengurangi limbah yang dihasilkan, memanfaatkan kembali limbah dan mendaur ulang limbah. Limbah Tandan/janjang kosong merupakan limbah dengan volume yang paling banyak dari proses pengolahan Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) pada pabrik Kelapa Sawit, mencapai 21% dari TBS yang diolah. Limbah tersebut akan semakin meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan kapasitas produksi TBS yang diolah. Peningkatan volume limbah menimbulkan masalah baru terhadap lingkungan terutama munculnya pencemaran ke lingkungan dan pengolahan limbah yang cukup banyak menimbulkan biaya. Limbah tandan/janjang kosong yang bersifat organic mempunyai kandungan unsure Nitrogen 1.5%, phosfat 0.5%, Kalium7.3% dan magnesium 0.9% mempunyai potensi cukup besar untuk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai substitusi pupuk dengan mengaplikasikan limbah di atas tanah sekitar gawangan tanaman kepala sawit. Pemanfaatan limbah tandan/janjang kosong kelapa sawit dapat mereduksi biaya pembelian pupuk organic sampai dengan 60% dengan hasil produksi Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) yang optimum. Dari pemanfaatan tersebut biaya produksi Tandan Buah Segar dapat dikurangi secara signifikan dan permasalahan lingkungan yang timbul pada pabrik kelapa sawit dapat diatasi tanpa mengeluarkan biaya bahkan dapat mendapatkan keuntungan dari segi biaya. Selain keuntungan biaya pengendalian limbah yang dihasilkan dari industry dapat ditanggulangi tanpa menimbulkan pencemaran bagi lingkungan karena limbah sudah dapat ditangani dari sumbernya
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
THE EFFECT OF COAL MINING ACTIVITIES ON HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETER CHANGE
Get PDFMining is a conventional activity that alters the natural landscape and causes hydrological parameter changes and environmental disruptions, such as hampered vegetation growth due to water table subsidence, damaged productive land that affects the river flow, water pollution, deforestation, and erosion. Land clearing for coal mining activity potentially damages the soil layer structure, due to the loss of ground cover vegetation, so hydrological parameter changes, including an 11.79% (50.55 mm) decreased base flow, 40.35% (273.73 mm) increased direct runoff, 21.92% (250.30 mm) increased surface runoff, an 15.73% (76.21 mm) decreased infiltration, 11.03 % (122.52 mm) increased potential evapotranspiration, causing fluctuating river debit. Every 10 Ha of land clearing for mining activities related to 51.46% (291.36 mm) increased runoff. Meanwhile, the postmining activities, including reclamation and vegetation, could only decrease the baseflow by 6.95% (5.95 mm) while increasing the direct runoff, surface runoff, infiltration, and potential evapotranspiration by 9.36% (89.11 mm), 11.19% (148.20 mm), 3.81% (15.56 mm), and 1.73% (21.34 mm), respectively. Furthermore, every 10 Ha of reclamation area is related to an 47.22% (264.62 mm) decrease in runoff
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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