1,721,069 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Major challenges with probiotic stability and efficacy
No full textVarious age-related diseases correlates with the chronological age of a living being, but they might also occur due to poor biological age. Taking care of our biological age can improve overall functional capacity and well-being. Fermented food products are playing a major role to ameliorate our health from ancient era, being a crucial part of our cuisine. Basically these fermented products are a pool of beneficial microorganisms (probiotics) and the practice of consuming these probiotic-based foods are back on trends. Potential health benefits of live microorganisms are accelerating the demand of probiotic-based food products among consumers. The processing and formulation of probiotic foods to retain the viability of the strains, harness the benefits of their byproducts and their effect on individuals with different health conditions took a new turn to harness maximum advantages. Several food processing treatments and gastric environment in stomach, appears to be affecting viability of these strains. Consumption of live microorganisms for the immune-compromised people has also become debatable. Thereby, prior processing of these microorganisms such as encapsulation and inactivation are becoming an alternative approach to achieve the benefits without compromising the potential attributes of probiotics. Encapsulated probiotics not only protect the efficiency of the live microorganism, it also improves the growth of the strains. Recorded data of heat killed microorganisms or other inactivation process-based inactivated probiotics (paraprobiotics) also indicated safe ingestion for the immune compromised individuals. Moreover, inactivated/dead cells also don't interfere with the food matrix resulting in longer shelf life of the product. Thereby the current article reviews prior studies depicting probiotics-processing methods for safe food formulation and analyzes the role of these approaches to improve biological age and longevity.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Immune Support for Athletes: Nanotech Approaches
No full textTo that extent, this chapter presents an account of the innovative application of nanotechnology in sports medicine and probably the most effective nano-nutrients for athletes craving for superior performance as invincible immune shields. This leads to an increase immunosuppression and susceptibility to diseases owing to rigorous physical exerted put on athletes. Nano-nutrients, that is nutrients that are nanoscaled, will present enhanced immunology performance and bioavailability, site of action targeting the cells of interest and up to 90% absorption rates; this is a novel strategy towards enhancing immune strength. Something that will be seen as one of the main top line benefits of nanotechnology in relation with nutrient delivery has to do with supporting the cell, repairing and protecting it from oxidative damage. This chapter also discusses the progress achieved in the past few years in the encapsulation of vitamins, minerals and bioactive compounds into nanoparticles for the ability of the later to affect immune responses and inflammation as well as oxidation stress. Nano enhanced antioxidants as described in the previous chapters are beneficial in reversing oxidative damage that is caused by exercises which help to maintain muscle strengths and shortened recovery time. The incorporation of nanotech into sports nutrition provides one of the best ways toward supporting the athlete’s immune system and maintain the body and mind’s consistently in great performance conditions. Based on the findings of the latest scientific advances from the field of sports immunology and nanotechnology this chapter offers a critical analysis of the opportunities for the use of nanotechnology as a key to enhance the health, longevity and performance of the athletes
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