274 research outputs found
Quantum spin pumping at a fractionally quantized magnetization state for a system with competing exchange interactions
No full textQuantum critical surface of the XXZ zigzag spin chain with applied magnetic field and its application
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Constructing indicators from patent specifications: What they reveal and what they imply?
Full text linkThe study distinguishes some of the rich sources of information that can be extracted from a patent document and can act as an indicator to measure some of the technological features of patenting activity of a firm/country. The paper attempts to highlight this through empirical examination of patents granted to Indian institutions in the US. The applicability of the indicators that are distinguished and meaning they can convey are addressed in this study
Pharmacogenomic and mechanistic studies on dietary factors in chemoprevention of cancer
No full textPharmacogenomic profiling of cancer has recently seen much activity with the accessibility of the newest generation of high-throughput platforms and technologies. A myriad of mechanistic studies have been devoted to identifying dietary factors that can help prevent cancer, with evidence gleaned from epidemiologic studies revealing an inverse correlation between the intake of cruciferous vegetables and the risk of certain types of cancer. To develop a comprehensive understanding of cancer pathogenesis, and potential for chemopreventive intervention with dietary factors, an integrated approach that encompasses both pharmacogenomic and mechanistic aspects is desirable. Our transcriptomic profiling of butylated hydroxyanisole-induced Nuclear Factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent genes in Nrf2-deficient mice identified several germane molecular targets for prevention. Toxicogenomic analyses of endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer tunicamycin in Nrf2-deficient mice elucidated Nrf2-regulated unfolded protein response effects. Mechanistic studies on a combination of sulforaphane and (-) epigallocatechin-3-gallate in HT-29 AP-1 (Activator Protein-1) cells revealed a synergy in colon cancer chemoprevention. Pharmacogenomic studies of this combination in PC-3 AP-1 cells provided a discursive framework for understanding putative crosstalk between Nrf2 and AP-1 in prostate cancer chemoprevention. Regulatory potential for concerted modulation of Nrf2 and Nuclear Factor-κB (Nfκb1) in inflammation and carcinogenesis was delineated by bioinformatic analyses. Metabolomic approaches identified potential prognostic biomarkers in human prostate cancer. Differential biological networks in prostate cancer were elicited in androgen-dependent 22Rv1 cells, androgen- and estrogen-dependent LNCaP cells and androgen-independent DU 145 and PC-3 cells. Taken together, our identification of Nrf2-regulated molecular targets by expression profiling using dietary factors, synergistic effects in combinatorial use of dietary factors in colon cancer, regulatory studies on crosstalk between Nrf2 and AP-1 in prostate cancer, bioinformatic analyses of concerted modulation of Nrf2 and Nfkb1 in inflammation and carcinogenesis, metabolomic identification of biomarkers, and delineation of target hubs in differential prostate cancer biological networks, greatly enhance our understanding of the transcriptional circuitry in cancer and important master regulatory nodes including Nrf2 that might potentially be exploited for chemopreventive intervention with dietary factors.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 311-331)
Superconductivity in the nonadiabatic limit
No full textIsotope-shift exponent (cu) and the pressure coefficient of superconducting transition temperature (beta) have been studied in the nonadiabatic limit. We have considered the effect of nonadiabaticity in both within and beyond the Migdal-Eliashberg formalism. It reveals from our study that the pressure coefficient of superconducting transition is high for the low-T-c region and low for the high-T-c region and the minimum value of alpha is obtained where the transition temperature is maximum. Lowest value of isotope-shift exponent is obtained for small momentum exchange between the electrons and the bosonic field. Qualitative variation of beta with temperature is consistent with the experimental results of the hole doped superconductors for small momentum exchange
Pressure coefficient of the superconducting transition temperature: Nonadiabatic superconductivity
No full textThe pressure coefficient of the superconducting transition temperature has been studied in the nonadiabatic limit. We have considered the effect of nonadiabaticity both within and beyond the Migdal-Eliashberg formalism. It is revealed from our study that the pressure coefficient of the superconducting transition temperature is high for the low- region and low for the high- region. The behavior of is qualitatively consistent with the experimental findings of hole-doped superconductors for small values of momentum exchange between electrons and bosonic field
Quantization of geometric phase with integer and fractional topological characterization in a quantum Ising chain with long-range interaction
No full textAbstractAn attempt is made to study and understand the behavior of quantization of geometric phase of a quantum Ising chain with long range interaction. We show the existence of integer and fractional topological characterization for this model Hamiltonian with different quantization condition and also the different quantized value of geometric phase. The quantum critical lines behave differently from the perspective of topological characterization. The results of duality and its relation to the topological quantization is presented here. The symmetry study for this model Hamiltonian is also presented. Our results indicate that the Zak phase is not the proper physical parameter to describe the topological characterization of system with long range interaction. We also present quite a few exact solutions with physical explanation. Finally we present the relation between duality, symmetry and topological characterization. Our work provides a new perspective on topological quantization.</jats:p
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