81 research outputs found
Profiling of microbial metabolites for discovering enzyme inhibitor
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Real-space Manifestations of Bottlenecks in Turbulence Spectra
No full textAn energy-spectrum bottleneck, a bump in the turbulence spectrum between the inertial and dissipation ranges, is shown to occur in the non-turbulent, one-dimensional, hyperviscous Burgers equation and found to be the Fourier-space signature of oscillations in the real-space velocity, which are explained by boundary-layer-expansion techniques. Pseudospectral simulations are used to show that such oscillations occur in velocity correlation functions in one- and three-dimensional hyperviscous hydrodynamical equations that display genuine turbulence
Pectic principles of mango peel from mango processing waste as influenced by microwave energy.
No full textMango var. Totapuri is extensively processed into mango puree by the fruit processing industries. It
results in generation of huge quantities of processing waste comprising of mango peel, stone and fibre.
Microwave energy levels of 250, 440, 660 and 1000 W with time period ranging from 10 min to 25 min
were studied for pectin extraction from mango peel. Microwave extraction affected the yield, methoxyl
content, galacturonic acid and viscosity of pectin. Maximum pectin yield could be obtained with a short
heating period as compared to the conventional method of extractions reported earlier. Higher methoxyl
content and viscosity were observed in the mango peel pectin extracted at 660 and 1000 W for 20 min
indicating the better gelling properties of the pectin. Yield of pectin was found to be maximum from the
mango peel exposed at microwave energy of 1000 W for 20 min. Methoxyl content, viscosity, galacturonic
acid decreased at 25 min of extraction at all microwave energy levels studied. Pectin extracted
at the optimum conditions contained galacturonic acid, methoxyl content and viscosity of 57.2 g/100 g,
8.2 g/100 g and 98.2 mPa s respectively. Microwave extraction of mango peel under selected conditions
resulted in higher yield of pectin
Distinct glycosylation in membrane proteins within neonatal versus adult myocardial tissue
No full textMammalian hearts have regenerative potential restricted to early neonatal stage and lost within seven days after birth. Carbohydrates exclusive to cardiac neonatal tissue may be key regulators of regenerative potential. Although cell surface and extracellular matrix glycosylation are known modulators of tissue and cellular function and development, variation in cardiac glycosylation from neonatal tissue to maturation has not been fully examined.In this study, glycosylation of the adult rat cardiac ventricle showed no variability between the two strains analysed, nor were there any differences between the glycosylation of the right or left ventricle using lectin histochemistry and microarray profiling. However, in the Sprague-Dawley strain, neonatal cardiac glycosylation in the left ventricle differed from adult tissues using mass spectrometric analysis, showing a higher expression of high mannose structures and lower expression of complex N-linked glycans in the three-day-old neonatal tissue. Man(6)GlcNAc(2) was identified as the main high mannose N-linked structure that was decreased in adult while higher expression of sialylated N-linked glycans and lower core fucosylation for complex structures were associated with ageing. The occurrence of mucin core type 2 O-linked glycans was reduced in adult and one sulfated core type 2 O-linked structure was identified in neonatal tissue. Interestingly, O-linked glycans from mature tissue contained both N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), while all sialylated N-linked glycans detected contained only Neu5Ac.As glycans are associated with intracellular communication, the specific neonatal structures found may indicate a role for glycosylation in the neonatal associated regenerative capacity of the mammalian heart. New strategies targeting tissue glycosylation could be a key contributor to achieve an effective regeneration of the mammalian heart in pathological scenarios such as myocardial infarction. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V
Surfactant protein D inhibits HIV-1 infection of target cells via interference with gp120-CD4 interaction and modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production
No full text© 2014 Pandit et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Surfactant Protein SP-D, a member of the collectin family, is a pattern recognition protein, secreted by mucosal epithelial cells and has an important role in innate immunity against various pathogens. In this study, we confirm that native human SP-D and a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rhSP-D) bind to gp120 of HIV-1 and significantly inhibit viral replication in vitro in a calcium and dose-dependent manner. We show, for the first time, that SP-D and rhSP-D act as potent inhibitors of HIV-1 entry in to target cells and block the interaction between CD4 and gp120 in a dose-dependent manner. The rhSP-D-mediated inhibition of viral replication was examined using three clinical isolates of HIV-1 and three target cells: Jurkat T cells, U937 monocytic cells and PBMCs. HIV-1 induced cytokine storm in the three target cells was significantly suppressed by rhSP-D. Phosphorylation of key kinases p38, Erk1/2 and AKT, which contribute to HIV-1 induced immune activation, was significantly reduced in vitro in the presence of rhSP-D. Notably, anti-HIV-1 activity of rhSP-D was retained in the presence of biological fluids such as cervico-vaginal lavage and seminal plasma. Our study illustrates the multi-faceted role of human SPD against HIV-1 and potential of rhSP-D for immunotherapy to inhibit viral entry and immune activation in acute HIV infection. © 2014 Pandit et al.The work (Project no. 2011-16850) was supported by Medical Innovation Fund of Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India (www.icmr.nic.in/)
Wheat Bran Hydrolysate Culture Medium Design for Talaromyces purpureogenus CFRM02 Pigment Production and Colour Characteristics.
No full textWheat bran hydrolysate (WBH) in combination with carbon and nitrogen was utilized as substrate for pigment production
by Talaromyces purpureogenus CFRM02. Pigment yield was signifcantly increased (≈threefold: OD units and ≈twofold:
redness [a*
value]) by xylose supplementation with WBH compared to other carbon sources, whereas 1% xylose supple�mentation increased pigment production (1.57±0.05 OD units and 49±1.62 a*
value). Pigment yield was low when WBH
supplemented with 0.3% nitrogen sources. However, signifcant increase (≈2–2.5 fold, OD units and a*
value) was observed,
when yeast extract (1.2%), nitrate of sodium (1.2%) and potassium (1.6%) were supplemented. Accordingly, 16 WBH media
were designed by supplementing carbon and nitrogen. Interestingly, the pigment production was signifcantly increased
(1.59 OD units and 32 a*
value) in the medium supplemented with 4% carbon and 0.9–1.2% nitrogen. T. purpureogenus
CFRM02 was able to co-utilize xylose, fructose and glucose in WBH medium. The CIE Lab values indicated that pigment
characteristics difered signifcantly among the media. Apparently, T. purpureogenus CFRM02 possesses alternative gene(s)
or pathway(s) for xylose metabolism and channelled towards pigment biosynthesis. Comparative results revealed that 1%
xylose supplementation to WBH makes the fermentation process economically competitive for pigment production
Bactericidal Effects of Exiguobacterium sp GM010 Pigment Against Food-Borne Pathogens.
No full textBacterium producing yellowish-orange pigment was identified (morphological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA) as Exiguobacterium sp GM010. The UV-visible spectrum of Exiguobacterium sp GM010 extract showing λ max at 465 nm revealed orange pigment characteristic. Pigment showed broad spectrum antibacterial action against gram positive and gram negative food-borne pathogens. The SYTO9 and propidium iodide (PI) staining revealed the cell membrane damage of food-borne pathogens under confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) indicating the bactericidal effect. This was evidenced by the fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, showing characteristic functional groups that mainly included hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxylic groups causing a system of delocalized electrons leading to destabilization of membrane and decrease in membrane potential that resulted in bactericidal effect. The pigment of Exiguobacterium sp GM010 were non-toxic against Artemia franciscana and can be a promising source to control the food-borne pathogens in food industries
Structural and functional characterization of new pigment molecule Monashin from Monascus purpureus CFR410-11.
No full textBiosynthetic pathway of Monascus pigment production is very complex. The mutant, M.
purpureus CFR410-11 has produced new monacolin and subsequently it was predicted to
produce new pigment molecule as well. Accordingly a pigment molecule was isolated by
employing silica gel column chromatography. The TLC and HPLC data revealed the purity of
isolated pigment molecule. The interpretation of UV-visible, NMR and HRMS spectra of the
pigment lead to its identity as 10-Hydroxy-3-(Prop-1-en-1-yl)-5-undecanoyl-10,10a-1Hbenzo(
g)isochromene-8-carbaldehyde and designated as monashin. Apparently, the production of
new derivative of pigment molecule is due to the changes in biosynthetic pathway caused by the
mutation or reduction, oxidation of other molecules. The pigment monashin exhibited the DPPH
(26%), H2O2 (77%), and reducing power (0.57 AU) activity at 37.5, 40 and 46.15μg/ml
concentration respectively. These antioxidant functions suggested the biological importance of
monashin
Design Thinking: Inculcating Entrepreneurial skills in the VUCA world
No full textWith VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous) world, the entrepreneurs are expected to come up with, growth through Innovative solutions i.e., new products/services, enhanced processes/systems and developing newer markets. Mindset and Temperament to Address and Sustain global competition, shorter business life cycles, and digital transformation as technology has become means of workability and feasibility. Resource optimization assets - human resources, time, money, better operations, etc. Successfully navigating the challenges enterprises face today, including rapid environmental changes and staying competitive, hinges on effective change management; moreover, survival and thriving in this dynamic world necessitate cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset, fostering innovative thinking, and nurturing a culture of innovation. These challenges are increasingly complex and dynamically changing, globally and locally. To address these, entrepreneurs need to identify new opportunities and innovative solutions in order to create value and contribute to economic growth and social development. Medium size enterprises need an approach to address the above, however they do not have the know-how/resources access. What is the solution? Design Thinking, akin to Six Sigma for quality and focused on innovation, plays a crucial role in addressing complex challenges, emphasizing a humancentric approach, process efficiency, and technology integration, thereby fostering entrepreneurs with essential twenty-first-century skills in acurrent landscape where quality is imperative, and innovation holds the currency. The author conducted an exploratory qualitative study of the participating entrepreneurs from Medium and Large organizations. This research paper aims on developing and exploring the entrepreneurial skills of problem-solving, decision making and creative thinking in India using Design Thinking. 
Disparities in registration and use of an online patient portal among older adults: findings from the LitCog cohort
No full text(C) The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. All rights reserved.Financial disclosure: This project was supported by the
National Institute on Aging (R01 AG030611), the National
Center for Research Resources (5UL1RR025741), and the
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (Grant
8UL1TR000150). The content is solely the responsibility of the
authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of
the National Institutes of Health. Smith is currently supported
by a Cancer Research UK Fellowship
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