1,720,961 research outputs found
Top ten research priorities in global burns care: findings from the James Lind Alliance Global Burns Research Priority Setting Partnership
Get PDFFlores, Orlando; Gabriel, Vincent; Dhruv Ghosh; Gondwe, Jotham; Harada, Teruichi; Jagnoor, Jagnoor; Ranjan Keshri, Vikash; Luo, Goaxing; Mc Kittrick, Andrea; Meyers, Natalie; Pargal, Pinki; Parrish, Carisa; Pelchat, Marie-Claude; Rezaeian, Mohsen; Sanyang, Edrisa; Suroy, Atul; Taibi, Khaled; Ait Abderrahim, Leila; Molina Vana, Luiz Philipe; Wang, Katie; Zia, Nukhba; Blazeby, Jane; Young, Amber.Versión Publicad
Injury
Get PDFIntroductionInjuries are the leading cause of disability across all ages and gender. In this study, we identified predictors of discharge status and disability at discharge among patients who seek emergency room treatment.Materials and MethodsThe study was conducted in two major trauma hospitals in urban Gambia. 1,905 patients participated in the study. 74.9% were males, and 25.1% were females. The study includes injured patients from all mechanisms. However, patients\u2019 records without age, gender, injury mechanism, and deposition from the emergency room were considered incomplete and excluded. We examined distributions of injury by age, gender, mechanism, place of occurrence, intent, primary body part injured, and primary nature of injury. We identified demographic and injury characteristics associated with hospital admission (compared to emergency department discharge) and discharge disability (any level of disability compared with none).ResultsThe leading mechanisms of injury were road traffic (26.1%), struck by objects (22.1%), cut/pierce (19.2%), falls (19.2%), and burns (5.4%). Injuries most commonly occurred in the home (36.7%) and on the road (33.2%). For those aged 19 \u2013 44, the proportion of injuries due to assault was higher for females (35.9% than males (29.7%). Males had increased odds for admission (aOR = 1.48 95% CI=1.15 \u2013 1.91) and for disability (aOR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.06 \u2013 1.99). Increased odds for admission were found for brain injuries, fractures, large system injuries, and musculoskeletal injuries when compared with soft tissue injuries. The highest odds for any level of discharge disability were found for brain injuries, fractures, injuries from falls, burns, and road traffic.ConclusionsEpidemiology of injuries in The Gambia is similar to other low-income countries. However, the magnitude of cases and issues uncovered highlights the need for a formal registry.D43 TW007261/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United StatesR49 CE002108/CE/NCIPC CDC HHS/United StatesT42 OH008491/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States2018-07-01T00:00:00Z28408082PMC5487286vault:2363
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Int J Public Health
Get PDFObjectivesData are lacking on environmental and occupational health risks and resources available for the prevention of related diseases in the West African subregion.MethodsA needs assessment survey was conducted to identify environmental and occupational health concerns, and needs and strategies for skills training in the region. The survey was followed by a consensus-building workshop to discuss research and training priorities with representatives from countries participating in the study.ResultsTwo hundred and two respondents from 12 countries participated in the survey. Vector-borne diseases, solid waste, deforestation, surface and ground water contamination together with work-related stress, occupational injury and pesticide toxicity were ranked as top environmental and occupational health priorities, respectively, in the region. Top training priorities included occupational health, environmental toxicology and analytic laboratory techniques with semester-long Africa-based courses as the preferred type of training for the majority of the courses. Major differences were found between the subregion\u2019s three official language groups, both in perceived health risks and training courses needed.ConclusionsThe study results have implications for regional policies and practice in the area of environmental and occupational health research and training.R24 TW009564/TW/FIC NIH HHSUnited States/R24 TW009571/TW/FIC NIH HHSUnited States/T37 MD001453/MD/NIMHD NIH HHSUnited States/T42 OH008491/OH/NIOSH CDC HHSUnited States
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