20,375 research outputs found
QuickRef: Should I Read Cited Papers for Understanding This Paper?
No full textResearchers spend lots of time for reading scientific papers as they need to stay updated with recent trends. However, navigating citations, which are indispensable elements of research papers, can act as a barrier for junior researchers as they do not have enough background knowledge and experience. We conduct a formative user study to identify challenges in navigating cited papers. We then prototype QuickRef, an interactive reader that provides additional information about cited papers on the side panel. A preliminary user study documents the usability of QuickRef. Further, we present practical design implications for citation navigation support
X-ray scattering studies of charge density waves in cuprate and pnictide superconductors
No full textThis Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-12-17 at 08:47.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16127 on 2021-09-16 at 16:39:02Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T01:10:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2020-12-17The phase diagrams of unconventional superconductors exhibit many different broken-symmetry phases near superconductivity, such as antiferromagnetism, charge density wave, spin density wave, and nematic order. The proximity and similar temperature scales of these orders suggest superconductivity and other order parameters are intertwined, and how they intertwine is a longstanding problem in condensed matter physics. Among the phases found in the vicinity of superconductivity, charge density wave (CDW) has been found in nearly all cuprate superconductors and observed to have an intimate relationship with superconductivity. Thus, characterizing the nature of CDWs is crucial for understanding the mechanism of unconventional superconductivity. Here, we studied CDWs in cuprate and pnictide superconductors using various x-ray scattering techniques. We discovered new CDW phases in BaNi2As2 and Co-, Sr-doped systems, confirming a generic presence of CDW in the phase diagram of unconventional superconductors, and the nature of the superconductivity in these systems are closely related to the presence of CDW. We also precisely measured the temperature and doping evolution of the CDW wave vector in La1.8-xEu0.2SrxCuO4, revealing the effect of the finite charge compressibility and the coupling of charge and spin order on the wave vector change. Furthermore, energy- and time-resolved resonant soft x-ray scattering experiments on the CDW in La2-xBaxCuO4 were performed to reveal a previously unidentified fluctuating nature of the CDW.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2021-09-16 without embargo termsThe student, Sangjun Lee, accepted the attached license on 2020-12-15 at 21:07.The student, Sangjun Lee, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-12-15 at 21:20
Beyond ‘What’s This?’: Designing Conversational Agents to Support Children's Inquiry and Engagement in Exhibits
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Gravitational waves from first-order phase transitions: towards model separation by bubble nucleation rate
No full textWe study gravitational-wave production from bubble collisions in a cosmic first-order phase transition, focusing on the possibility of model separation by the bubble nucleation rate dependence of the resulting gravitational-wave spectrum. By using the method of relating the spectrum with the two-point correlator of the energy-momentum tensor , we first write down analytic expressions for the spectrum with a Gaussian correction to the commonly used nucleation rate, Gamma proportional to e(beta t) -> e(beta t-gamma 2t2), under the thin-wall and envelope approximations. Then we quantitatively investigate how the spectrum changes with the size of the Gaussian correction. It is found that the spectral shape shows O(10)% deviation from Gamma proportional to e(beta t) case for some physically motivated scenarios. We also briefly discuss detector sensitivities required to distinguish different spectral shapes
(c) 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab6611Nsciescopu
Gamma-ray spectral modulations induced by photon-ALP-dark photon oscillations
No full textRecently it has been noticed that the Fermi-LAT data of gamma-rays from some galactic pulsars and supernova remnants reveal spectral modulations that might be explained by the conversion of photons to ALPs (axionlike particles) induced by the conventional ALP coupling to photon in the presence of galactic magnetic fields. However the corresponding ALP mass and coupling are in a severe tension with the observational constraints from CAST, SN1987A, and other gamma-ray observations. Motivated by this, we examine an alternative possibility that those spectral modulations are explained by other type of ALP coupling involving both the ordinary photon and a massless dark photon, when nonzero background dark photon gauge fields are assumed. We find that our scheme results in oscillations among the photon, ALP, and dark photon, which can explain the gamma-ray spectral modulations of galactic pulsars or supernova remnants, while satisfying the known observational constraints. C.Published by the American Physical Society11Nsciescopu
Inversion and Tunability of Van Hove Singularities in VSb ( = K, Rb, and Cs) kagome metals
No full textTo understand the alkali-metal-dependent material properties of recently
discovered VSb ( = K, Rb, and Cs), we conducted a detailed
electronic structure analysis based on first-principles density functional
theory calculations. Contrary to the case of = K and Rb, the energetic
positions of the low-lying Van Hove singularities are reversed in
CsVSb, and the characteristic higher-order Van Hove point gets
closer to the Fermi level. We found that this notable difference can be
attributed to the chemical effect, apart from structural differences. Due to
their different orbital compositions, Van Hove points show qualitatively
different responses to the structure changes. A previously unnoticed highest
lying point can be lowered, locating close to or even below the other ones in
response to a reasonable range of bi- and uni-axial strain. Our results can be
useful in better understanding the material-dependent features reported in this
family and in realizing experimental control of exotic quantum phases.Comment: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) in pres
Human-level blood cell counting on lens-free shadow images exploiting deep neural networks
No full textIn point-of-care testing, in-line holographic microscopes paved the way for realizing portable cell counting systems at marginal cost. To maximize their accuracy, it is critically important to reliably count the number of cells even in noisy blood images overcoming various problems due to out-of-focus blurry cells and background brightness variations. However, previous studies could detect cells only on clean images while they failed to accurately distinguish blurry cells from background noises. To address this problem, we present a human-level blood cell counting system by synergistically integrating the methods of normalized cross-correlation (NCC) and a convolutional neural network (CNN). Our comprehensive performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed system achieves the highest level of accuracy (96.7-98.4%) for any kinds of blood cells on a lens-free shadow image while others suffer from significant accuracy degradations (12.9-38.9%) when detecting blurry cells. Moreover, it outperforms others by up to 36.8% in accurately analyzing noisy blood images and is 24.0-40.8× faster, thus maximizing both accuracy and computational efficiency. © 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry.This work was supported by the Institute for Information & Communications Technology Promotion (IITP) grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (No. 2017-0-00373-001)
Dopaminergic transmission and neuronal activity of the posterior basolateral amygdala circuit are necessary for active avoidance learning
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Data-driven Digital Therapeutics Analytics
No full textDigital therapeutics (DTx), in contrast to traditional treatments such as pills, use software installed in smartphones or wearable devices as a medical device to cure diseases and improve health conditions, which represents a significant departure from existing wellness products such as Fitbits. DTx requires clinical validation of efficacy through systematic clinical trials, as do conventional therapeutics. Mobile DTx apps transform conventional treatment approaches such as counseling, self-help, and self-tracking into app-based micro-interventions that can be delivered via notifications, short videos, and chatbots. This article presents a data-driven DTx analytics framework for analyzing and optimizing DTx delivery processes in everyday life contexts by leveraging passive sensor data analysis and human-in-the-loop interaction support
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