233 research outputs found
Mario Prost, « D'abord les moyens, les besoins viendront après. Commerce et environnement dans la "jurisprudence" du GATT et de l'OMC », 2005
No full textMaljean-Dubois Sandrine. Mario Prost, « D'abord les moyens, les besoins viendront après. Commerce et environnement dans la "jurisprudence" du GATT et de l'OMC », 2005. In: Revue Juridique de l'Environnement, n°3, 2006. p. 375
Christiane Chabot : Variations botaniques
No full textProst analyses the different aspects of Chabot’s multidisciplinary practice, which is inspired by plant life. The author highlights notions relating to the artist’s approach, including the ephemeral (use of plants), distancing (transposing plant form into steel and digital image) and site-specificity (in-situ integrations and interventions). Texts in French and English. Biographical notes on artist and author. List of illustrations
Les représentations de la guerre dans la culture française de l'entre-deux-guerres
No full textThe representations of war in French culture in the interwar period, Antoine Prost.
War was indeed "dynamic" before 1914, but the experience of 1914-1918 ruined its previous representations. It was thereafter perceived both as a catastrophe and as fatal. Between 1918 and 1939, this representation no longer allowed preparations for a new conflict. Relying on Alain and Giraudoux, the author explains how the will to save a certain honor of victorious war led to sacrifice honor at the time of the defeat of 1940.Prost Antoine. Les représentations de la guerre dans la culture française de l'entre-deux-guerres. In: Vingtième Siècle, revue d'histoire, n°41, janvier-mars 1994. La guerre de 1914-1918. Essais d'histoire culturelle. pp. 23-31
L’invention des syndicalismes
No full textPourquoi des syndicalismes si différents en Grande-Bretagne, en France et en Allemagne dès la fin du XIXe siècle ? Pour répondre à cette question on compare ici le Trade unionism, le syndicalisme révolutionnaire et le mouvement ouvrier allemand de façon très concrète. D’une part, on examine le s d’organisation ouvrières dans des secteurs industriels ou des territoires déterminés (les mineurs, les dockers, le bâtiment, les grandes villes, etc.). D’autre part, on analyse, d’un point de vue toujours comparatif, des productions symboliques (le Premier mai, les discours) ou des formes d’organisation (mutuelles et coopératives, patronat). Chacun des chapitres à été préparé par les meilleurs spécialistes du sujet donné dans les trois pays, parfois étendu à la Belgique et à l’Italie. Plusieurs réunions ont permis de définir une problématique commune. Enfin, les différents tex te sont été discutés à l’occasion d’un colloque international financé par la Commission européenne. On présente ici la version revue et corrigée de ces textes, assortis d’une bibliographie générale. Ont contribué à l ’ouvrage John Barzman, John Belchem, Peter Berkowitz, Manfred Bock, Friedhelm Boll, Rémy Cazals, Jean-Claude Daumas, Jacques Delors, Gita Deneckere, Marie-Geneviève Dezès, Karl Ditt, Michel Dreyfus, Marlene Ellerkamp, Allan Fowler, Marie-Louise Goergen, Rebecca Gumbrell, Karl H. Pohl, Odette Hardy, Richard Hyman, Sandrine Kott, Giuseppe M. Longoni, John Lovell, Kenneth Lunn, Inge Marssolek, Arthur McIvor, Joël Michel, Eric Nijhof, Norbert Olszak, Michel Pigenet Antoine Prost, Vincent Robert, Michael Schneider, Peter Scholliers, Stéphane Sirot, Danielle Tartakowsky, Klaus Tenfelde, Thomas Welskopp, Noël Whiteside, Chris Wrigley
L’invention des syndicalismes
No full textPourquoi des syndicalismes si différents en Grande-Bretagne, en France et en Allemagne dès la fin du XIXe siècle ? Pour répondre à cette question on compare ici le Trade unionism, le syndicalisme révolutionnaire et le mouvement ouvrier allemand de façon très concrète. D’une part, on examine le s d’organisation ouvrières dans des secteurs industriels ou des territoires déterminés (les mineurs, les dockers, le bâtiment, les grandes villes, etc.). D’autre part, on analyse, d’un point de vue toujours comparatif, des productions symboliques (le Premier mai, les discours) ou des formes d’organisation (mutuelles et coopératives, patronat). Chacun des chapitres à été préparé par les meilleurs spécialistes du sujet donné dans les trois pays, parfois étendu à la Belgique et à l’Italie. Plusieurs réunions ont permis de définir une problématique commune. Enfin, les différents tex te sont été discutés à l’occasion d’un colloque international financé par la Commission européenne. On présente ici la version revue et corrigée de ces textes, assortis d’une bibliographie générale. Ont contribué à l ’ouvrage John Barzman, John Belchem, Peter Berkowitz, Manfred Bock, Friedhelm Boll, Rémy Cazals, Jean-Claude Daumas, Jacques Delors, Gita Deneckere, Marie-Geneviève Dezès, Karl Ditt, Michel Dreyfus, Marlene Ellerkamp, Allan Fowler, Marie-Louise Goergen, Rebecca Gumbrell, Karl H. Pohl, Odette Hardy, Richard Hyman, Sandrine Kott, Giuseppe M. Longoni, John Lovell, Kenneth Lunn, Inge Marssolek, Arthur McIvor, Joël Michel, Eric Nijhof, Norbert Olszak, Michel Pigenet Antoine Prost, Vincent Robert, Michael Schneider, Peter Scholliers, Stéphane Sirot, Danielle Tartakowsky, Klaus Tenfelde, Thomas Welskopp, Noël Whiteside, Chris Wrigley
L’invention des syndicalismes
No full textPourquoi des syndicalismes si différents en Grande-Bretagne, en France et en Allemagne dès la fin du XIXe siècle ? Pour répondre à cette question on compare ici le Trade unionism, le syndicalisme révolutionnaire et le mouvement ouvrier allemand de façon très concrète. D’une part, on examine le s d’organisation ouvrières dans des secteurs industriels ou des territoires déterminés (les mineurs, les dockers, le bâtiment, les grandes villes, etc.). D’autre part, on analyse, d’un point de vue toujours comparatif, des productions symboliques (le Premier mai, les discours) ou des formes d’organisation (mutuelles et coopératives, patronat). Chacun des chapitres à été préparé par les meilleurs spécialistes du sujet donné dans les trois pays, parfois étendu à la Belgique et à l’Italie. Plusieurs réunions ont permis de définir une problématique commune. Enfin, les différents tex te sont été discutés à l’occasion d’un colloque international financé par la Commission européenne. On présente ici la version revue et corrigée de ces textes, assortis d’une bibliographie générale. Ont contribué à l ’ouvrage John Barzman, John Belchem, Peter Berkowitz, Manfred Bock, Friedhelm Boll, Rémy Cazals, Jean-Claude Daumas, Jacques Delors, Gita Deneckere, Marie-Geneviève Dezès, Karl Ditt, Michel Dreyfus, Marlene Ellerkamp, Allan Fowler, Marie-Louise Goergen, Rebecca Gumbrell, Karl H. Pohl, Odette Hardy, Richard Hyman, Sandrine Kott, Giuseppe M. Longoni, John Lovell, Kenneth Lunn, Inge Marssolek, Arthur McIvor, Joël Michel, Eric Nijhof, Norbert Olszak, Michel Pigenet Antoine Prost, Vincent Robert, Michael Schneider, Peter Scholliers, Stéphane Sirot, Danielle Tartakowsky, Klaus Tenfelde, Thomas Welskopp, Noël Whiteside, Chris Wrigley
Corneille Agrippa
No full textDescribed by one modern scholar as a 'classic biography' of Agrippa, Prost's two-volume work (1881–1882) charts the life of one of the most renowned humanists of Renaissance Europe. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim (1486–1535) was a prolific author, best known for two popular, significant, and contradictory books: De occulta philosophia libri tres and De incertitudine et vanitate scientiarum et artium. Auguste Prost (1817–1896) established his reputation as an antiquarian and a historian of the French city of Metz. Volume 2, covering the period 1520–1535, is organized around Agrippa's travels and teaching across Europe. This volume also includes an appendix, which returns to a range of subjects touched on in the work as a whole, including Agrippa's name, family life, and academic achievements and works. These volumes would greatly interest historians and historiographers of Agrippa and of Renaissance magic and the occult.</jats:p
Corneille Agrippa
No full textDescribed by one modern scholar as a 'classic biography' of Agrippa, Prost's two-volume work (1881–1882) charts the life of one of the most renowned humanists of Renaissance Europe. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim (1486–1535) was a prolific author, best known for two popular, significant, and contradictory books: De occulta philosophia libri tres and De incertitudine et vanitate scientiarum et artium. Auguste Prost (1817–1896) established his reputation as an antiquarian and a historian of the French city of Metz. The first volume includes a comprehensive introduction to the occult arts and sciences, addressing their geographical and philosophical origins. In broad strokes, it covers the life and works of Agrippa before turning to specific periods in his life when he travelled to Cologne, Paris, Spain, Bourgogne, and Italy. This work will greatly interest historians and historiographers of Agrippa and of Renaissance magic and the occult.</jats:p
Molecular evaluation of early bladder cancer to improve clinical decision making
No full textBladder cancer (BC) is the 12th most common cancer worldwide, with approximately 5,300 deaths every year in the UK. Currently, diagnosis is only possible through the assessment of the tissue by invasive techniques such as cystoscopy and transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT). Depending on its invasiveness in muscularis propria, it is clinically divided into non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive BC (MIBC). Low-grade NMIBCs usually undergo surveillance for many years with recurrent cystoscopies and TURBTs, while high-grade tumours are treated with BCG (Bacillus Calmette–Guérin) instillations in addition to life-long surveillance. Although the efficiency and quality of the surgical techniques have improved over the years, BC, even at early stages, continues to have a distinctively high incidence of recurrence and progression to invasive stages.
This project addresses the two main unmet needs of bladder cancer clinical management. First, the need to identify patients who are likely going to recur: all patients must undergo years of surveillance, which is not only extremely unpleasant but also a burden for the health system. Identifying markers that predict recurrence would help clinicians to avoid unnecessary surveillance and promptly provide treatments to those who will recur. Second, there is the necessity to identify patients who will not respond to BCG treatment. In 40% of cases, patients fail to respond to BCG and can have serious side effects. Being able to predict BCG would help nonresponders to have access to alternative treatment straightaway and avoid side effects.
To address these aims, the tumour immune microenvironment was investigated at the RNA and protein levels. Clinical collaborators identified a discovery set of sixty-five archival Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) biopsies, composed mostly of NMIBC but containing also MIBC in order to represent the spectrum of stages and grades. Genes of interest were identified through literature or RNA analysis using the NanoString PanCancer IO 360 panel. To be able to quickly translate our results into the clinic, interesting markers were selected and stained on biopsy’s sections.
Antibodies were optimised in immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence with Quantum Dots or Tyramide Signal Amplification fluorophores. Images were analysed with machine learning image analysis and data-driven analysis using a newly identified analysis pipeline.
The composition of the immune cell population in NMIBC showed higher CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and lower CD68+ macrophages when compared with MIBC. Interestingly, the density of CD8+ cells was also statistically higher in patients that did not recur compared to patients who recurred.
RNA analysis of 27 NMIBCs identified four genes that were differentially expressed in patients who recurred, KIR3DL1, S100A8, CCNA1 and KIR2DL3, while CCND1, LAMB3, SERPINB5, COL17A1 were linked to patients who did no recurred. KIR2DL3, CCNA1, CCND1 and LAMB3 were further evaluated at the protein level in 53 NMIBCs, however, the results did not confirm the earlier discovery.
Interestingly, when comparing the response to BCG treatment in NMIBC, two genes were identified and confirmed to be differentially expressed at the protein level: MMP7 and IFI27. IFI27, also known as ISG12a, was linked to a positive response to BCG, possibly through the regulation of tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and was identified as the most promising marker. IFI27 could identify 78% of BCG responders with a specificity of 76% on a cohort of forty-three patients treated with BCG. Further evaluation of IFI27 immediately before the start of BCG therapy and afterwards could provide a more comprehensive view of its role in the response to BCG
The role of retinoblastoma protein in the development of liver cancer
No full textHepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with a diverse aetiology. Dysregulation of the Rb pathway can occur in as high as 92% of liver cancers implicating Rb as an important factor in the progression of the disease. The impact Rb loss has on the development of liver cancer was determined using an in vitro system, with Cre-lox technology. The Cre-lox technology enables the lethality of Rb loss in the embryo to be overcome. The regulation of p53, extent of DNA damage and cell cycle control were investigated in Rb-/- hepatocytes. The tumor suppressor p19ᴬᴿᶠ, previously reported to induce stabilisation of p53 was found upregulated. This combined with the localisation of MDM2 in the nucleolus implicates p19ᴬᴿᶠ as an important factor in the stabilisation of p53 in the Rb-/- hepatocytes. The elevated levels of ROS were found to be sufficient to induce DNA damage as measured by an increase in 8-oxo-dG and apurinic and apyrimdinic sites. The regulation of three cyclins, cyclin A, cyclin B and cyclin E is found to lack governance. Analysis of the G2/M checkpoint proteins such as Gadd45a, MAD2 and CDC25a all show a dysregulation in their activities. In conclusion Rb loss leads to aberrant regulation of p53 and induces DNA damage, this superimposed on a background of a lack of cell cycle control predisposes the hepatocyte to becoming a cancerous cell
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