1,720,984 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Anaerobic hydrolysis during digestion of complex substrates
No full textComplex waste(water) such as, raw sewage, dairy wastewater, slaughterhouse wastewater, fish processing wastewater, primary sludge and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste have been proven to be degradable under anaerobic conditions. However, during the digestion process the conversion of the complex organic molecules into mono- and dimer components, also called the hydrolysis, is often the rate-limiting step. For design and optimization of the anaerobic conversion of complex waste(water) a good knowledge of the hydrolysis kinetics is therefore essential. The scope of this thesis was therefore to clarify the hydrolysis kinetics during the anaerobic digestion of complex waste(water), with emphasis on the hydrolysis of particles, dissolved macromolecules and lipids in coherence with the process conditions during the digestion. The mechanisms of the hydrolysis were elucidated by lab experiments and simulations with mechanistic hydrolysis models. For the hydrolysis of particulate substrates the results presented in this thesis revealed that, at constant pH and digestion temperature, the amount of surface available for the hydrolysis is the most important parameter for the hydrolysis rate and all other parameters are of minor importance.With respect to dissolved polymers, such as gelatine and dissolved starch, the results indicate that the mechanism of the enzymatic hydrolysis in batch experiments can be described as a random polymerisation process. Moreover, the hydrolysis rate of dissolved components is linearly related to the sludge concentration in the batch experiment. The hydrolysis of neutral lipids under acidogenic conditions is slower as compared to the hydrolysis under methanogenic conditions. Based on the results presented in this thesis it was hypothesised that this is due to positive effect of the methane production on maintaining the lipid-water interface and subsequent higher volumetric hydrolysis rate.In practice the hydrolysis rate is most commonly described by an empirical first order relation, in which the hydrolysis rate is linearly related to the amount of biodegradable substrate that is available (Eastman and Ferguson, 1981).The identification of the essential parameters of the hydrolysis mechanisms in this thesis made it possible to evaluate the first order approach and designate the limitations of the relation. The evaluation revealed that the hydrolysis only proceeds according to first order kinetics if no changes in the rate limiting step or the biodegradability occur during the degradation of a substrate. Moreover, the first order hydrolysis constant seems system and substrate specific and the use of literature values for the hydrolysis constant is therefore not advised.For assessment of a hydrolysis constant in a lab experiment the following guidelines were presented: (1) For waste(water) containing mainly protein and carbohydrates, first order kinetics can be established under acidic and methanogenic conditions in batch or completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system. (2) For waste(water) that contains high concentrations of lipids the assessment of the hydrolysis constant for neutral lipids under acid conditions is impossible due to coagulation of the lipid. Under methanogenic conditions the hydrolysis constant can be assessed in a 'multiple flask' batch system. However as (gas) mixing can differ between a laboratory batch and a full-scale CSTR-system, the subsequent effect on the lipid-water interface might cause a difference in the prevailing k <sub>h</sub> value of the two systems
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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