1,721,858 research outputs found
RRS Discovery Cruise DY026, 03 - 24 Aug 2014. Shelf seas biogeochemistry cruise to the Celtic Sea
No full textRRS "Discovery" cruises 285-286, 3 Nov - 10 Dec 2004; 13 Dec 2004 - 21 Jan 2005. CROZet circulation, iron fertilization and EXport production experiment (CROZEX)
Full text linkCROZEX (CROZet circulation, iron fertilization and EXport production experiment) is a complex, multidisciplinary project to examine the causes and consequences of the annual bloom that forms north of the Crozet Plateau in the southwest Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean. The CROZEX cruises took place between 3 Nov 2004 and 21 Jan 2005. Much of the cruise was planned around a series of Major Stations every two or three days at each of which a series of CTD casts was made to sample physical parameters, currents, nutrients, phytoplankton, iron and phytoplankton productivity, 234Th and SAPS. Other work at each Major Station included zooplankton nets, radium samples, Pelagra deployment and occasionally other sampling such as LHPR tows, neodynium, mooring deployment, coring, Argo float deployment and water collectionfor bioassay experiments. Five moorings were deployed, one of which was recovered at the end of the cruise. The other four, with 6 sediment traps in total were deployed for a year. In between Major Stations there were some additional sCTD casts to fill in hydrographic details and SeaSoar tows. Underway measurements included thermosalinograph and fluorimeter, hull-mounted ADCP, surface nutrients, iron from a special TMS (trace metal) fish, CO2, analytical flow cytometry, aerosols and rain
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Total organic nutrients in Drake Passage
No full textApproximately 400 paired measurements of total organic nitrogen (TON) and total organic phosphorus (TOP) were made on a hydrographic transect across Drake Passage by a uv photooxidation technique. Latitudinal variations in TON and TOP concentrations were observed, with the continental margins having surface-water concentrations approximately 50% greater than those in the centre of Drake Passage. This may be due to enhanced primary production on the continental shelves leading to increased production of organic nutrients. The vertical distributions of TON and TOP were characterised by surface maxima, declining to approximately constant levels of about 2.5 ?M TON and levels of TOP below detection by about 800 m. TON and TOP can be related by the equation TON=(15.7±1.7)TOP+(2.48±0.17), r2=0.44, n=397. This is interpreted as reflecting two weakly connected pools of organic material, the first a substantial refractory pool containing about 2.5 ?M TON and undetectable levels of TOP, which dominates in deep water, and the second a surface labile pool containing TON and TOP in quasi-Redfield stoichiometry. This relationship between TON and TOP is not significantly different from a similar regression of data from the HOTS site in the central Pacific, implying that the composition of organic material, and hence the processes controlling its formation, are not substantially different in these two biogeochemically very different environments. Our postulation of two different pools of organic material with different chemical compositions and residence times leads us to suggest that the cycles of TON and TOP are more strongly coupled than is often thought
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
RSS Discovery Cruise 341, 08 Jul – 13 Aug 2009. Porcupine Abyssal Plain time series process study
Full text linkThe Biological Carbon Pump (BCP) is a major feature of the global carbon transporting approximately 10GT C yr-1 from the ocean surface to the interior mainly via the sinking of particles with an organic component. The scale of the BCP requires good year-round measurements of its functioning. Moreover, the BCP’s susceptibility to global change means that we need better information on how its climate sensitive elements function and how its poorly parameterised elements operate. These three requirements map directly onto the objectives of this cruise, which will be undertaken using Oceans 2025 funding at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP) site. The PAP site (47oN, 16.5oW) is the location of a time series of observations from surface to seafloor compiled by IOS, GDD and now NOCS over the last 20 years (Lampitt et al., 2001). A summary of these observations, together with descriptions of surface water biogeochemistry in the region from a cruise in 2005, is currently being published as a special issue of Deep-Sea Research II. The PAP site is close to the site of the JGOFS north Atlantic Bloom experiment and the French POMME programme and is a waypoint on the Atlantic Meridional Transect programme (SO1 in Oceans 2025). There is therefore a rich wealth of previous observations in which our 2009 observations can be grounded.Objectives:1) To recover and redeploy the PAP site observatory (Theme 10 of Oceans 2025)2) To compile a vertical carbon budget for the PAP site with particular focus on the process of remineralisation in the mesopelagic (100 – 1000 m) and on the mechanisms leading to export from the upper ocean (Themes 2, 5 of Oceans 2025)3) To quantify climate sensitive elements of the BCP at the PAP site, particularly the physical processes responsible for introducing nutrients to the upper water column, which combine to set the maximum level of export (Theme 2 of Oceans 2025)Of these, 1) was partially successful, 2) was successful, 3) was unsuccessful
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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