1,721,267 research outputs found
The Current State of Evidence-Based Parenting Support Programs
No full textEvidence-based parenting support programs have achieved a great deal, and strong policy support has developed in many jurisdictions. This support is based on outcome evidence and economic arguments relating to the costs of not intervening. At the same time, there is by no means universal support for the implementation of population-based parenting programs. Challenges remain to shift public opinions and perceptions about the importance of parenting programs and to counter myths and misinformation about how universal programs can be used. It is sometimes ignored that programs such as Triple P involve blending of universal and targeted programs that are highly cost-effective and successful in reaching and engaging vulnerable families. The research focus must turn to ensuring parenting programs that are effectively applied to promote child, family, and community well-being not just to avert clinical cases of problematic children and young people.</p
The Future of Evidence-Based Parenting Support Programs
No full textAn evidence-based intervention system must continuously evolve in response to evidence pertaining to its effectiveness. It also needs to adapt to the changing needs, interests, and preferences of parents. This chapter identifies important challenges for program developers, implementers, and evaluators to ensure parenting programs continue to remain relevant to people’s lives. Advances in understanding the nature and causes of individual differences in parental and children’s capacities for self-regulation remain an important issue for parenting practitioners to address. This work will need to include gaining a clearer understanding of nonresponders to parenting programs. As population-based approaches become more common, there is likely to be an increase in consumer demand for quality evidence-based programs and a call for better preservice training of professionals. The advantages and limitations of “branded” parenting programs are discussed. We envision a greater values orientation in programs and a focus on building the relational competencies of young people.</p
Measuring Child, Parent, and Family Outcomes at Individual and Population Levels
No full textThe hallmark of evidence-based approaches to parenting support is the systematic, comprehensive, and continuing measurement of outcomes, over time, across individuals and groups. The chapter beings by describing the typical targets of parenting intervention (e.g., child behavior and adjustment; parenting behavior and self-efficacy) as well as less frequently assessed, more distal, intervention targets (e.g., parent adjustment, couple relationships). The common types of assessments and best practice approaches to assessment are described. In particular, approaches to measuring individual child, parenting, and family outcomes, as well as approaches to measuring population-level outcomes are detailed. Finally, commonly used approaches to assess the effects of Triple P are outlined.</p
A Population Approach to Parenting Support for Childhood Obesity
No full textChildhood obesity rates are on the rise worldwide. Considering the significant health and economic costs associated with obesity, emphasis must be placed on addressing this public health dilemma from both preventive and treatment perspectives. Evidence-based parent-centered interventions are an effective way to target obesity in children. Parents play a central role in a child’s lifestyle habits. However, parental recruitment and engagement remains problematic. This challenge must be addressed from a population health framework if improvements in childhood obesity rates are to be achieved. This chapter provides a framework for the prevention and management of childhood obesity from a public health perspective. The need for a population approach to evidence-based parenting programs is advocated to shift population-level rates of obesity. The existing research base for such an approach is discussed, along with future directions for clinical practice and research.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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