1,720,955 research outputs found
Aporte nutricional
No full textLa Nutrición es una disciplina científica que comprende el estudio integrado de los nutrientes y sus interacciones con el organismo. Se ocupa de estudiar las funciones, deficiencias y excesos de los nutrientes y su relación con la salud a través del cálculo de las necesidades nutricionales o cantidades adecuadas para lograr un estado óptimo de salud. Los nutrientes son compuesto químicos contenidos en los alimentos que contribuyen a satisfacer las necesidades de materia y energía. Pueden clasificarse según sus características químicas en orgánicos e inorgánicos. Los nutrientes de naturaleza orgánica como los hidratos de carbono, proteínas y lípidos, participan en los procesos de formación de estructuras y en los de transformación de energía. Las vitaminas, que también forman parte de este grupo, son indispensables para ambos procesos y no aportan energía ni son utilizados como unidades estructurales, siendo necesarias en pequeñas cantidades para el normal crecimiento, desarrollo y mantenimiento de la homeostasis, o equilibrio del medio interno del organismo. Los nutrientes de naturaleza inorgánica son el agua y los minerales. Éstos últimos se desempeñan como cofactores o reguladores del metabolismo y también cumplen funciones estructurales.Fil: Brumovsky, Luis Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Misiones; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez Boado, Lucila. Universidad Nacional de Misiones; ArgentinaFil: Thea, Ana Eugenia. Universidad Nacional de Misiones; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentin
Desenvolvimento e avaliação da eficácia de um alimento funcional para a prevenção da deficiência em ferro
Get PDFIntroducción: En el mundo, una de las deficiencias nutricionales más comunes es la anemia ferropriva. Se buscó desarrollar un alimento funcional para disminuir la posibilidad de padecer anemia por deficiencia de hierro. Para ello se aprovechó la costumbre de la población de consumir yerba mate (Ilex Paraguariensis Saint Hilaire), en su forma tradicional de mate caliente. Para aumentar la biodisponibilidad del hierro presente en forma natural se adicionó un potenciador de su absorción como la vitamina C. Materiales y métodos: Se trabajó con mujeres voluntarias entre 20 y 36 años, las que fueron divididas aleatoriamente en los grupos experimental y control. Fueron estudiadas a lo largo de seis meses utilizando como marcadores del estado nutricional del hierro el hematocrito, hemoglobina y protoporfirina eritrocitaria. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos se ajustaron a una ecuación lineal de segundo orden para los dos grupos. Al comparar las pendientes obtenidas para los grupos control y experimental no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Un análisis de los incrementos de los hematocritos cada 30 días, mostró que los del grupo experimental, aumentaban en forma sigmoidea hasta alcanzar un plató, mientras que los del grupo control oscilaban en torno a cero. Para evidenciar el efecto del producto diseñado sobre las voluntarias potencialmente más sensibles, se realizó una clasificación en los grupos control y experimental entre los valores de hematocritos iniciales menores o iguales a 38 % y mayores a 38 %. Se observó que los grupos con hematocritos mayores a 38 % no presentaron variaciones significativas en el tiempo. Sin embargo, el grupo experimental que comenzó el estudio con valores menores de hematocrito, presentó una pendiente mayor que el grupo control con los mismos valores iniciales, de acuerdo a lo esperado biológicamente. Conclusiones: Si bien las variaciones de las variables observadas a lo largo del estudio no fueron estadísticamente significativas, el comportamiento del grupo experimental marca una tendencia de respuesta positiva biológicamente importante.Introduction: Iron-deficiency anaemia is one of the mostly spread nutritional deficiencies around the world. A functional food was developed to decrease the possibility of suffering from this type of anaemia, taking advantage of the consumption of yerba mate in the traditional form of hot mate. To increase the bioavailability of yerba mate’s natural iron, vitamin C, an absorption enhancer, was added. Materials and methods: Female volunteers between 20 and 36 years of age were included in the study and divided into experimental group and control group. They were studied over 6 month using haematocrit, haemoglobin and erythrocyte protoporphyrin and markers of nutritional status. Results: Results obtained from applying statistical analysis to the biochemical parameters variations showed that the slope of response was not significant. An analysis of haematocrit increase every 30 days showed that haematocrits of the experimental group increased in a sigmoid way until they reached a studio (PLATÓ), while those of the control group oscillated around zero. It was also seen that, making a classification between haematocrit values initially higher than 38% and minor to 38%, the group that began the study with lower values presented an expected more marked response. Conclusion: Although variations observed over the study were not statically significant, the experimental group responses marked a trend of biologically important positive responses.Introdução: No mundo, uma das deficiências nutricionais mais comuns é a anemia ferropriva. Buscou-se desenvolver um alimento funcional para diminuir a possibilidade de padecer de anemia por deficiência de ferro. Para isso considerou-se o costume da população de consumir erva-mate (Ilex Paraguariensis Saint Hilaire), em sua forma tradicional de chimarrão quente. Para aumentar a biodisponibilidade do ferro presente de forma natural adicionou-se um potenciador da sua absorção como a vitamina C. Materiais e métodos: Trabalhou-se com mulheres voluntárias entre 20 e 36 anos, que foram divididas aleatoriamente nos grupos experimental e de controle. Foram estudadas durante seis meses utilizando como marcadores do estado nutricional do ferro o hematócrito, a hemoglobina e a protoporfirina eritrocitária. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos ajustaram-se a uma equação linear de segunda ordem para os dois grupos. Ao comprar as inclinações obtidas para os grupos de controle e experimental não se encontraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Uma análise dos aumentos dos hematócritos a cada 30 dias, mostrou que os do grupo experimental, aumentavam de forma sigmoidea até alcançar um platô enquanto os do grupo controle oscilavam em torno de zero. Para evidenciar o efeito do produto desenvolvido sobre as voluntárias potencialmente mais sensíveis, realizou-se uma classificação nos grupos controle e experimental entre os valores de hematócrito iniciais menores ou iguais a 38 % e maiores que 38 %. Observou-se que os grupos com hematócritos superiores a 38% não apresentaram variações significativas no tempo. No entanto, o grupo experimental que começou o estudo com valores menores de hematócrito, apresentou uma inclinação maior que o grupo controle com os mesmos valores iniciais, de acordo com o esperado biologicamente. Conclusões: Apesar de que as variações das variáveis observadas durante o estudo não foram estatisticamente significativas, o comportamento do grupo experimental marca uma tendência de resposta positiva biologicamente importante.Fil: Sanchez Boado, Lucila. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Rio, Maria Esther. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Brumovsky, Luis Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentin
Nutritional state of university students from province of Misiones
Get PDFIntroducción: las actuales presiones sociales condicionan conductas que conducen a Desequilibrios nutricionales. Objetivos: evaluar la adecuación de las dietas de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (FCEQyN) a los requisitos nutricionales.Materiales y métodos: se trabajó con los registros del consumo de siete días de 183 alumnos de 21 a 36 años de edad con el programa SARA. Resultados: se comprobó que sólo el 8,8% y el 2,9% de las mujeres y varones respectivamente no cubrieron sus necesidades proteicas. El 19,6% de las mujeres y el 31% de los varones alcanzaron sus valores de requerimientos energéticos. El 87,7% de las mujeres y el 94,3% de los varones superaron la ingesta diaria recomendada (IDR) de sodio (Na). Sólo el 9,5% de las mujeres y el 34,3% de los varones alcanzaron la IDR de calcio (Ca). Se observó que sólo el 38,5% de las mujeres y todos los varones alcanzaron la IDR de hierro (Fe). El 92,6%de las mujeres y el 94,3% de los varones no alcanzaron la IDR de fibra. El 4,9% y 48,5% de las mujeres y varones respectivamente alcanzaron la IDR de vitamina A. El 10,1% y el 31,4% de las mujeres y varones respectivamente alcanzaron la IDR de folatos. Sólo el 2,36% y el 8,57% de las mujeres y varones respectivamente alcanzaron la IDR de vitamina C. Conclusiones: se observó que los alumnos participantes del estudio presentaron problemas nutricionales importantes en lo que se refiere al consumo de vitaminas y minerales. Estas falencias de la dieta podrían corregirse con el aumento del consumo de lácteos, frutas y verduras. Para producir este cambio debe concientizarse a la población acerca de la importancia de nutrirse bien.Introduction: the current social pressures conditions behaviors that lead to nutritional imbalances. Objectives: to evaluate the adequacy of Faculty of Exact, Chemical and Natural Sciences (FCEQyN) students diet´s to nutritional requirements. Materials and methods: we worked with seven days consumption records of 183 students aged 21-36, using SARA program. Results: it was found that only 8.8% and 2.9% women and men respectively, do not cover their protein needs. 19.6% women and 31% men reached their values of energy requirements. The 87.7% women and 94.3% men exceed the dietary reference intakes (DRI) for Na. Only 9.5% women and 34.3% men reach the DRI for Ca. It was observed that only 38.5% women and all men reach the DRI for Fe. 92.6% women and 94.3% men do not reach fiber DRI. 4.9% and 48.5% of women and men respectively, achieve the DRI for vitamin A. 10.1% and 31.4% of women and men respectively achieve DRI for folates. Only 2.36% and 8.57% of women and men, respectively, achieve the DRI for vitamin C. Conclusions: it was observed that students participating in this study presented important nutritional problems regarding the consumption of vitamins and minerals. These shortcomings of diet could be corrected by increasing the consumption of dairy products, fruits and vegetables. To produce this change, population must be made aware of the importance of well fed.Fil: Sanchez Boado, Lucila. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Covinich, Monica Mariela. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Schmidt, Treicy Johanna. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Brumovsky, Luis Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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