1,721,016 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Modélisation du comportement d’un composite carbone/époxy soumis au feu
No full textEvènement rare, un incendie au sein ou à l’extérieur d’un avion peut avoir des conséquences catastrophiques pour l’intégrité de l’appareil et de ses occupants. Les aéronefs sont donc dimensionnés pour répondre aux nombreuses exigences définies par les Autorités de certification. Le respect de ces exigences doit être démontré au travers d’essais de certification sur des échantillons de dimensions réduites avec des bruleurs standardisés. Dans une démarche de virtualisation d’essais, le développement d’outils prédictifs du comportement thermophysiques des structures composites soumises à un feu est un objectif ambitieux et très prometteur. Face à la complexité des nombreux phénomènes physiques mis en jeux (thermo-dégradation, dégazage, inflammation de gaz de pyrolyse, érosion, etc.), une méthodologie de modélisation incrémentale a été suivie partant de modèles simples pour aboutir au développement d’un modèle 3D du comportement thermochimique du composite T700/M21 soumis au feu. Ce modèle est basé sur une étude phénoménologique du comportement du composite grâce au développement d’un test au feu innovant et maitrisé. En outre, toutes les données d’entrée sont issues de mesure expérimentale de propriétés thermophysiques en utilisant des méthodes de caractérisation existantes et innovantes. In fine, la comparaison des profils de température et de la perte de masse mesurés du composite avec les résultats numériques montre la capacité du modèle à prédire ce comportement au feu.Rare event, an aircraft in fire can lead to disastrous consequences for the integrity of the plane and its passengers. The aircraft are thus dimensioned in order to comply with the large number of requirements defined by the certification Authorities. The respect of these standards has to be demonstrated via certification tests on structure panels of reduced size using standardized burners. In a virtual testing approach, the development of predictive tools of the thermomechanical behaviour of the composite exposed to fire is an ambitious objective and very promising. With regards to the complexity of the many physical phenomena involved in the combustion process (thermodegradation, out-gassing, ignition of gases, erosion, etc.), an incremental modelling methodology has been followed starting with basic model to finally succeed to develop a 3D model of the thermochemical behaviour of the T700/M21 composite exposed to fire. This model is based on a phenomenological study of the behaviour of the composite using a novel versatile fire test which was developed in a totally controlled way. In addition, all inputs are obtained from measurements of thermophysical properties using existing and innovative characterisation methods. In fine, the comparison of the measured temperature profiles and the mass loss of the composite with the numerical results show the capability of the model to predict the fire behaviour of the material
Développement de traitements du bois ignifugeants pour le bois d'intérieur
No full textThèse en cotutelle, doctorat en génie du bois et des matériaux biosourcés : Université Laval, Québec, Canada Philosophiæ doctor (Ph. D.) et E Cen Lille Villeneuve d'Ascq, FranceLe bois est un matériau composite naturel utilisé, entre autres, dans la finition d'intérieur comme couvre-plancher. Il est apprécié pour son aspect, sa disponibilité et son faible impact environnemental. Cependant, son usage est limité au Canada dans les bâtiments non résidentiels, notamment à cause des risques de propagation des flammes. L'ignifugation du bois regroupe tous les traitements qui lui sont appliqués pour le rendre moins combustible. Les approches traditionnelles d'ignifugation du bois, l'imprégnation et les revêtements, sont consommatrices de matière d'origine fossile et nécessitent parfois l'utilisation de procédés complexes. Afin de réduire l'impact environnemental des traitements, des approches par traitement de surface ont été proposées pour les textiles et ont démontré des résultats très prometteurs. Ces traitements visent à concentrer l'action d'ignifugation à la surface exposée au feu afin de limiter la consommation de matière ainsi que l'impact du traitement sur le matériau et sur l'environnement. Dans le cadre de ce projet, deux traitements de surface ont été étudiés. Tout d'abord, une nouvelle méthode de dépôt de complexes polyélectrolytes a été développée en utilisant l'imprégnation en surface à pression réduite. Les complexes polyélectrolytes ont été lyophilisés dans un premier temps afin d'étudier leurs propriétés. Cette approche nous a permis de mettre en avant l'impact du ratio entre deux polyélectrolytes sur la stabilité thermique du complexe, qui a impacté la performance au feu du bouleau jaune traité (Betula alleghaniensis, Britt). Un faible gain de masse a été identifié comme un facteur limitant la performance au feu et plusieurs approches ont été étudiées pour augmenter celui-ci. La surface du bois a ainsi été activée par délignification et l'ajout d'agents de mouillage dans la solution a augmenté sa mouillabilité. D'autre part, des nanoparticules ont été ajoutées à la formulation, mais les performances n'ont pas été améliorées, les nanoparticules modifiant le mode d'action des complexes polyélectrolytes. En ce qui concerne la seconde approche, le traitement de surface par dépôt plasma jet atmosphérique a été étudié. Plusieurs précurseurs ont été déposés sur de l'érable à sucre (Acer saccharum, Marsh.) et sur de l'érable à sucre préalablement traité avec un primaire d'adhésion photopolymérisé. Cette comparaison a mis en avant l'importance de la préparation de la surface de dépôt sur la performance au feu obtenue. Lorsque les échantillons sont préparés avec un primaire d'adhésion photopolymérisé, un dépôt homogène est obtenu par plasma et ce dernier présente un effet de synergie en ce qui concerne le comportement au feu.Wood is a natural composite material used in interior finishing as flooring. It is appreciated for its appearance, availability, and low environmental impact. However, its use is limited in non-residential construction because of the risk of fire propagation. Fireproofing of wood considers all treatments applied to wood to make it less combustible. Traditional approaches to fireproof wood, such as impregnation, are fossil fuel, energy, and time consuming. Surface treatment approaches have been proposed for textiles and have shown very promising results limiting the amount of used chemicals and thus its impact on the environment. Indeed, surface treatments aim at concentrating the fireproofing action on the surface exposed to the fire. In this project, two surface treatments were studied. First, a new method for the deposition of polyelectrolyte complexes was developed using surface impregnation at reduced pressure. The performance of a polyelectrolyte deposit was studied on the freeze-dried polyelectrolyte complexes. This approach allowed us to highlight the effect of the ratio between two polyelectrolytes on the fire performance of yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis, Britt). Mass gain was identified as a limiting factor to improve the fire performance and several approaches were studied to increase it either by activating the wood surface by delignification or by increasing the wettability of the solution by adding wetting agents. Nanoparticles have also been added to the formulation, but no improvement of the fire performance was noticed. As a second approach, surface treatment by atmospheric jet plasma deposition has been studied. Several precursors were deposited on sugar maple (Acer saccharum, Marsh.) virgin or pretreated with a photopolymerized primer. This comparison highlighted the importance of the preparation method of the substrate in fire performance. Better performance was obtained on samples pretreated with a light-cured primer since in that case a homogenous deposit was obtained and could act as a fire protective barrier
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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