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No full textVideo footage from the WBAP-TV station in Fort Worth, Texas to accompany a news story about a book autographing party in a Dallas drug store
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No full textVideo footage from the WBAP-TV station in Fort Worth, Texas to accompany a news story about Fort Worth's Arlington Heights High School launching a new literary magazine
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No full textVideo footage from the WBAP-TV station in Fort Worth, Texas to accompany a news story about Fort Worth's Arlington Heights High School launching a new literary magazine
Combination treatment of murine tumors by adenovirus-mediated local B7/IL12 immunotherapy and radiotherapy
No full textFailure of local tumor control still poses a problem for radiotherapy and translates into reduced survival. Combining radiation with chemotherapy or other newer modalities has shown promising results. Immunological approaches to tumor therapy have found renewed interest due to improved insight into mechanisms involved in the immune response to tumors. In this paper, we studied tumor growth delay after various combination regimens of locally injected adenovirus constitutively expressing IL12 and B7.1 (AdIL12/B7.1) and fractionated radiotherapy in two nonimmunogenic murine tumor models, 4T1 and B16.F10. Effects of radiation and virus infection on surface antigen expression in these tumor lines were assessed. Mechanisms of action of AdlL12/B7.1 were studied by conducting additional experiments with and without depletion of NK-cells and/or T-cells, and by cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assays, and immunohistochemical evaluation of tumor blood vessels. Both B7.1 and IL12 were effectively expressed in both irradiated and unirradiated 4T1 and B16.F10 tumor cells but did not add significantly to radiation-induced cell killing in vitro. However, local tumor infection by AdIL12/B7.1 after irradiation significantly increases the effectiveness of radiotherapy when applied after completion of radiotherapy. The mechanism appears to be complicated, involving a host of factors that included the ability of IL12 to activate T-cells and NK-cells and to inhibit angiogenesis and the ability of radiation to induce apoptosis or necrosis among tumor cells. These data support the combination of radiotherapy with adenovirus-mediated immunotherapy and suggest that the concept of adding genetic immunotherapy after radiotherapy in a combined regimen merits further study
Enhancement of radiotherapy by hyperthermia-regulated gene therapy
No full textPurpose: Interleukin 12 (IL-12) has shown strong antitumoral effects in numerous pre-clinical studies and appears to act synergistically with radiation in murine tumors. The major impediment to its clinical use has been its systemic toxicity. While using intratumorally injected viral gene therapy vectors encoding IL-12 reduces systemic side effects substantially, elevated systemic transgene levels are still observed because adenovirus can reach the circulation. Further restricting IL-12 expression in the tumor is therefore desirable in a combined radiation and adenovirus mediated cancer gene therapy regimen. Methods and Materials: Hyperthermia-regulated gene therapy was tested in a nonimmunogenic B16.F10 melanoma line that is syngeneic with C57BL/6 mice. For hyperthermic gene therapy, an adenoviral vector coding for IL-12 under the control of the promoter of the human heat shock protein 70B (hsp70B) was used. One meek after transplantation (at a 5-7 mm diameter), tumors were irradiated with 3 x 11 Gy (mo-we-fri). Adenovirus was injected at 3 x 10(8) pfu/tumor 24 h before the last radiation fraction or 3 days afterwards. Hyperthermia was performed 24 h later at 42.5 degreesC. Growth delay to reaching 3 times initial tumor volume was chosen as the biologic endpoint. IL-12 levels in tumor and serum were determined by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Results: Adenovirus mediated intratumoral expression of IL-12 under the control of a heat inducible promoter in combination with hyperthermia is almost as effective as that under the control of a constitutive cytomegaly virus (CMV) promoter while systemic transgene levels are substantially reduced with the heat inducible promoter. The response to radiotherapy is improved considerably when combined with heat inducible gene therapy without apparent systemic toxicity. When used as a single dose, applying IL-12 gene therapy after completion of radiotherapy appears to be beneficial. Conclusion: Hyperthermia-regulated gene therapy in combination with radiation is feasible and therapeutically effective in murine tumors,vith no apparent systemic toxicity. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc
Making interactive TV easier to use : interface design for a second screen approach
No full textInteractive television (iTV) has the potential to revolutionize the way we consume broadcast media, but users still find both the notion of iTV and the services currently available problematic. This paper describes a project that investigates a representative group of users' aspirations, and barriers to iTV service engagement in the UK. This primary research informed the development of new User Interface (UI) and service solutions that addressed these barriers. Specifically, a second screen solution was developed to remove the need for iTV services to use on-screen graphics, dramatically improving the possibilities for effective interaction and navigation for iTV interfaces and services. The effectiveness of these solutions was evaluated through the testing of these new iTV services in a representative group of family homes
A cooperative cellular and broadcast conditional access system for Pay-TV systems
No full textThis is the author's accepted manuscript. The final published article is available from the link below. Copyright @ 2009 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.The lack of interoperability between Pay-TV service providers and a horizontally integrated business transaction model have compromised the competition in the Pay-TV market. In addition, the lack of interactivity with customers has resulted in high churn rate and improper security measures have contributed into considerable business loss. These issues are the main cause of high operational costs and subscription fees in the Pay-TV systems. As a result, this paper presents the Mobile Conditional Access System (MICAS) as an end-to-end access control solution for Pay-TV systems. It incorporates the mobile and broadcasting systems and provides a platform whereby service providers can effectively interact with their customers, personalize their services and adopt appropriate security measurements. This would result in the decrease of operating expenses and increase of customers' satisfaction in the system. The paper provides an overview of state-of-the-art conditional access solutions followed by detailed description of design, reference model implementation and analysis of possible MICAS security architectures.Strategy & Technology (S&T) Lt
Correlations of thermal washout rate, steady state temperatures, and tissue type in deep seated recurrent or metastatic tumors
No full textThe rates of cooling ("thermal washout") in selected sites in tumor and adjacent normal tissues following the completion of clinical hyperthermia sessions were analyzed in ten patients treated with combined radiation and hyperthermia for deep seated recurrent or metastatic tumors. The temperatures were recorded at 10 second intervals for at least 2 minutes after the cessation of microwave power at the end of the 30-60 minute duration hyperthermia treatments. These thermal washouts were characterized by the slope of a log-linear relation between temperature elevation above the oral baseline temperature and time. Washout rates (expressed as a perfusion rate in ml/100g-min) significantly correlated with tissue categories as noted on CAT scan (i.e., tumor, normal tissue, tumor/normal tissue interface, hypodense tumor areas). Relationships between thermal washout rate and steady-state temperature elevation were tested and also showed significant correlations in general and for some specific tissue categories. The implications of these findings in explaining inhomogeneities in heating patterns, and in hyperthermia treatment modeling will be presented
Anticompetitive Contracts in the U.K. Pay-TV Market
No full textcontracts, raising rivals costs, pay TV
TV against TV: video art on television
No full textA discussion of the history of artists' video and moving image on television in britain and the United States, with an especial focus on the television series edited by the author, Ghosts in the Machine (Channel 4, 1986 and 1988)
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