10 research outputs found
Accidental delivery through a vaginal incision (laparoelytrotomy) during caesarean section in the second stage of labour
No full textAccidental delivery through a vaginal incision (laparoelytrotomy) during caesarean section in the second stage of labour
No full textBiocultural perspectives on birth defects in medieval urban and rural English populations.
Get PDFThe biocultural and epidemiological approaches have been used as investigative methods by which to assess the prevalence of birth defects of the axial skeleton among five English Medieval population samples (Raunds Fumells, Northamptonshire; the hospital/almshouse of St James and St Mary Magdalene, Chichester, West Sussex; St Helen-on-the-Walls, York; Wharram Percy, East Yorkshire, and the Augustinian Friary cemetery, Hull, Humberside).The author hypothesises that Medieval urban populations produced offspring with higher frequencies of skeletal defects because they were subject to the adverse health-mediating effects of higher population density. These include poor quality, frequently overcrowded living conditions, poor sanitation, increased rates of disease threat and transmission, poorer quality food and drink due to pollution and adulteration, and greater levels of industrial-related air and water pollution. The author proposes that this response was a consequence of the impaired interaction between a population-wide compromised nutritional status and a co-existing weakened immune response. It is proposed that rural populations will express significantly lower frequencies of the same skeletal defects, as they are not subject to the same adverse environmental effects of population density and urban living conditions. The results support this hypothesis among the four populations derived from burial grounds associated with residential areas, whilst the Hull population expresses a rural pattern of defect prevalence, raising questions of possibly limited, exclusive access to burial at that site, available to non-urban dwellers. The author suggests that similar reproductive effects may be found today in populations undergoing demographic transition, for example, those experiencing the process of urbanisation in the developing world, or those migrating to the developed West. The author also shows how the results, when viewed alongside the medical literature, may indicate the presence of soft-tissue anomalies which are invisible to those working with dry bone. Keywords: urban, rural, medieval, birth defects, congenital, urbanisation, population density, biocultural, epidemiology, spine, cleft palate, skeleton, archaeology, palaeopathology
Community Nurses' Judgement and Decision Making for the Management of Venous Leg Ulceration
Get PDFManagement of leg ulceration is an important part of community nurses’ workload but previous evidence suggests the quality of diagnosis and treatment of venous leg ulceration may be below that which should be expected.
This thesis uses Judgement Analysis and Think Aloud methodologies to explore the performance of 18 tissue viability specialist nurses and 18 generalist community nurses managing patients with leg ulceration. The nurses made diagnostic judgements and treatment choices and assigned confidence ratings on 110 clinical scenarios generated from real patient cases. These were presented online, as written scenarios, and using photographs of wounds to add visual information. Data for the judgement ‘ecology’ was derived from consensus judgements of a group of ‘expert’ nurses using the same scenarios. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine ideographic Lens Model statistics for individual nurses. Comparisons were made between groups of nurses with different levels of education and expertise. Think Aloud data from three generalist nurses was analysed to identify their cognitive processes.
The results showed that clinical decisions and judgements about venous leg ulceration are made in uncertain decision environments. In this study, community nurses achieved levels of accuracy below the achievable levels of judgement accuracy indicated by the diagnostic and treatment ecology models. Education alone was not a predictor of superior clinical performance. The ABPI was an important but under-weighted cue in diagnosis and the diagnosis (as a cue) was an important but under-weighted cue in treatment choice. Despite high levels of experience, nurses were under-confident in their judgements. A range of cognitive approaches to reasoning were apparent.
The main contribution of this thesis is exposing the complexity of the clinical environment for leg ulceration and in setting out models for diagnostic judgment and treatment choices for venous leg ulceration. These models provide a starting point for developing robust strategies for supporting community nurses’ judgement and decision making
Mechanisms of Rejection of High Grade B cell Lymphoma in Mice
Get PDFThe incidence of high grade B cell lymphoma in western countries has increased over the last decades. Improvement of conventional chemotherapy regimens has significantly contributed to prolonged 5-year survival rates which currently reach around 60%. However, relapse after conventional chemotherapy is an important challenge, especially in high grade B cell lymphomas. The potential benefit of immunological approaches for the elimination of such lymphomas still remains unclear. In this study, we attempted to address whether the forced expression of foreign antigens in a tumor of B cell origin leads to immune recognition and elimination of the tumor and to assess the potential role of IFN-gamma (IFN-g) in tumor rejection. To this end, we used a transgenic mouse lymphoma model, where the human proto-oncogene c-myc (a foreign antigen for the mouse host) is under the control of regulatory elements of the immunoglobulin lambda locus, thereby recapitulating the important features of a t(8;22) translocation as found in human Burkitt’s lymphoma. From these spontaneously developing tumors, lymphoma cell lines were established that either express (line 291) or are deficient (line 9) in Stat1- a key signaling molecule in the response to interferons. We found that the expression of foreign antigens such as chicken ovalbumin (OVA) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) in Stat1-competent 291 cells led to immune responses that delayed tumor progression and improved survival of wild-type animals. Consistent with this, loss of foreign antigen inevitably led to accelerated tumor progression upon transfer into immunocompetent wild-type mice. Transfer of immunogenic 291-OVA-GFP lymphoma cells led to increased tumor progression without loss of foreign antigen upon transfer into IFN-γ-/- and Stat1-/- mice indicating that no selection of antigen loss-variants occurred in these mice. The rejection of 291-OVA-GFP cells in wild-type mice was at least in part mediated by CD8+ T cells as measured by enrichment of the OVA antigen-derived MHC class I-restricted SIINFEKL epitope-specific cells in wild-type recipients.. Interestingly, Stat1-deficient lymphoma cells (9-GFP and 9-OVA-GFP) were rejected by immunocompetent UBQ-GFP transgenic wild-type C57BL/6 mice irrespectively of the presence of a foreign antigen, indicating the existence of immunosurveillance against these Stat1-deficient lymphomas. To evaluate the key players behind lymphoma rejection, we transferred 9-GFP cells into IFN-γ-/- and Stat1-/- recipients. This led to enhanced tumor growth indicating that endogenous IFN-γ production and Stat1 signaling are critical for tumor rejection. To gain an insight into the mechanistic aspects of innate immunosurveillance against the Stat1-competent and Stat1-deficient lymphomas, NK cell functionality was evaluated. We found that NK cells could efficiently lyse both Stat1-competent and Stat1-deficient lymphoma cell lines in vitro. Treatment with IFN-γ increased the susceptibility of Stat1-deficient lymphoma cells to NK cell killing, but decreased that of Stat1-competent cells, presumably by upregulating MHC class I expression. The results of this work show that host IFN-γ and Stat1 signaling are important for tumor clearance, and that paradoxically, the absence of Stat1 within the lymphoma is required for rejection
Non-abstractness as mental simulation in the representation of number
No full textAbstraction is instrumental for our understanding of how numbers are cognitively represented. We propose that the notion of abstraction becomes testable from within the framework of simulated cognition. We describe mental simulation as embodied, grounded, and situated cognition, and report evidence for number representation at each of these levels of abstraction.</p
Controlling uncertainty: a review of human behavior in complex dynamic environments
Get PDFComplex dynamic control tasks (CDC tasks) are a type of problem-solving environment used for examining many cognitive activities (e.g., attention, control, decision making, hypothesis testing, implicit learning, memory, monitoring, planning, and problem solving). Because of their popularity, there have been many findings from diverse domains of research (Economics, Engineering, Ergonomics, Human Computer Interaction (HCI), Management, Psychology), which remain largely disconnected from each other. The objective of this article is to review theoretical developments and empirical work on CDC tasks, and to introduce a novel framework (Monitoring and Control framework) as a tool for integrating theory and findings. The main thesis of the Monitoring and Control framework is that CDC tasks are characteristically uncertain environments, and subjective judgments of uncertainty guide the way in which monitoring and control behaviors attempt to reduce it. The article concludes by discussing new insights into continuing debates and future directions for research on CDC tasks
Catholic Central High School Live 1981
No full textThe annual publication of the students of Catholic Central High School, Lethbridge, Alberta. (Volume. 1980-81)pdfC.C.H.S. LIVE! 81CCH LIVE! 81
CATHOLIC CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL LETHBRIDGE, ALBERTA1
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Well, nearly always ...
NeverDEDICATE OUR YEARBOOK
Next Fall there will be a new face behind the Principal’s desk. After sixteen years, Mr. Sawicki is retiring as “the Man’’ of Catholic Central.
Mr. Sawicki was born in Calgary and graduated from Crescent Heights H.S. in 1943. In 1946 he received his B. Ed. degree from the U. of A., where he majored in English and History. He later attended the University of Montana, obtaining his Master’s degree in 1958.
Mr. Sawicki’s first teaching appointment was in Bellevue, Alberta. He later taught at Stirling, and in 1950 moved to Lethbridge. Since then, he has been employed by the Lethbridge Catholic Separate School District.
Throughout his teaching career, Mr. Sawicki has been an avid supporter of such school activities as basketball, football, and drama.
Our religion has played an important role in Mr. Sawicki’s life, and we, the students and staff at CCHS pray that God will continue to watch over and bless him, his wife Dorothy, and their family.
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Principal’s Message
As I write my last Principal’s Message, memories of the past sixteen years crowd into my mind. 1 remember the first two years, when the central section was being built. Every time classes changed, students (and teachers) ran across the field between St. Joseph’s and St. Francis. We were not on the semester system then; all periods were forty minutes so classes changed eight times daily. What a luxury when the new building opened in September, 1967.
I remember many excellent students who have gone on to outstanding success in further education and in their careers. I also remember the hundreds of others who worked hard in their studies, did their best, and went on to be decent contributing citizens. I salute these fully as much as those who won the top honours.
In the area of extracurricular activities, there have been many highlights. I still feel great pride when I think of the magnificent effort of putting on the operettas - CHONITA, BRIGADOON and THE MERRY WIDOW. Over 150 students and as many as eight teachers worked for months to produce them. I will never forget the joy of being present when the boys’ basketball team won the provincial championship in 1972, and most recently, of course, when the Cittens won in 1981. I remember, too, the girls’ basketball team which won the provincial championship in 1970. And how can anyone forget the great record of our football teams in winning the league championship severa times since the first one in 1963?. However, I can’t forget that there were also times when we all shared the agony of defeat.
I remember, too, many occasions when the school community participated in Masses and times of prayer. The beautiful graduation Masses, the traditional Ash Wednesday Mass, the Searches, the daily prayers - these were all occasions when we joined in proclaiming our faith in God.
I commend all those students who’ve used their time at Catholic Central to grow, to learn, to develop the gifts that God gave them, to show love and concern for those around them. Ath the same time I am saddened to thin o those who wasted their time and their talents and who were content with far less than they were capable of.I thank each and every one of you - students, teachers, office staff and caretakers - who not only helped me personally, but who helped by your very presence to make Catholic Central a better place for all of us.
The best that I can think of to wish for each of you is that in some mysterious and wonderful way, you will find the grace to make Jesus your model. That is the best hope - for you as an individual and for the society in which you will live the rest of your life.
S.W. Sawicki Principal
President’s Message
The school year is gradually ending, and so too is my year as President. Looking back on the year I can see many accomplishments of which I am very proud.
From the fun of initiation ceremonies to the seriousness and dedication devoted to exam week, we’ve seen them all this year!
This being my last year at CCHS, I wanted it to be something special and I feel that this was achieved.
Hopefully when we look back to our years and CCHS we can all be proud of the friends we’ve made, the experiences we’ve had, and the love we’ve shared.
To all of you, the best of luck in the future!
Calvin Carpenter PresidentBACK ROW, Left to Right: Mr. Rocheleau, Carol Grbavac, Brad Hamilton. SECOND ROW: Kathy Lynn, Kathy Koep, Kathy Schreiber, Debbie Bogdan. FRONT ROW: Lynn Troman, Calvin Carpenter, Ronda Makarenko. MISSING: Renee Desjarlais, Theresa Scott.
STUDENT’S COUNCIL
BACK ROW, Left to Right: Mrs. Dravland, Mr. Rocheleau, Cathy Hamilton, Jennifer Sauve, Calvin Koskowich, Chris Crighton, Mr. Sawicki. FRONT ROW: Terry Schwengler, Calvin Carpenter, Rita Mucciarone, Lora Saccomani, Brad Hamilton, Liz Monaghan, Sean Forested.
GRAD COMMITTEErf
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S'STAFFIn Fond Memory
• • •
Mr. Louis BurkeLouis Burke was born in Ireland and received his education in Ireland and at the University of Montreal. His teaching career spanned three continents as he taught in England, Kenya, Uganda and in three locations in Canada: Rankin Inlet, N.W.T., Montreal and, beginning in 1965, at Catholic Central in Lethbridge. He was a master teacher of English who had a love for all good literature and good writing. He especially tried to instill in his students a knowledge and appreciation of Canadian literature.
Mr. Burke threw his heart and soul into teaching. He did his utmost to bring out the best in every one of his students. He felt this to be his duty to them, to himself, and to God.
Although he was very serious about his job and expected every student to be the same, his lively sense of humour and his unique ways of expressing himself made his classes enjoyable and interesting. His students will always remember having been passengers on the spaceship in which he was the indisputable captain.
Louis was fully committed to the cause of Catholic education. God bless you, Louis Burke. Rest in peace.
S.W. Sawicki Principal
For those of us who experienced the galactical voyages of star station 132C, Commander Burke will always remain an unforgettable man. Beyond teaching us the fundamentals of English (which he did in his most unique and successful way), Louis Burke contributed to the very foundations of our lives and characters. He has undoubtedly played a part in forming our philosophies, priorities and values.
Students of CCHSMr. Rocheleau
Mr. Kolysher
Mr. Wagner
Mr. Burke
Staff
Fr. April
Mrs. Goble
Mr. CredicoMr. Nelson
Mr. Koran
Mr. Delbello
Mrs. Alger
Mrs. Kireef
Mr. McAllindon
Mr. Loewen
Sr. KeyesMr. Schmid
Mr. Chapman
Mr. Mackley
Mrs. Monaghan
Officer
Reimer
Mr. Veres
Mr. Pisko
Mr. RicheyMISSING:
Fr. Chauvin Mrs. Dravland Miss Grbavac Mr. Kireef Mrs. Whimster Mr. Duteau Mrs. Mclnnes Mr. Rosenfelt Mr. Welterlich Mrs. Pavan Mrs. Jarczak
Mrs. Kolibar
Mrs. Kathleen Reardon
Question: Who is kind, considerate, pleasant and also has a terrific sense of humour?
Answer: Kathleen Reardon.
For many years, Mrs. Reardon has been a faithful servant in the office to the principal, the teacher, the students and the general public. Catholic Central will miss her good work and her cheerful smile.
We all wish her all the best in her retirement Good fishing, Mrs. Reardon.
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Allen, Debra Arelis, Veronica
Baril, Kevin Beauchesne, Gerald
Bishoff, Carolyn Bluekens, Curt Bogdan, Karen Bogusky, Tracy Bortolussi, Dennis
Bosnjak, Slavica Breckon, David Briscoe, Michael Buttazzoni, Barbara Carpenter, Tracy
Carter, Lisa Caruso, Gina Cattoni, Guido Cernetic, Marina Chia, Samuel
lChief Calf, John Chisholm, Juanita Chollack, Brian Collin, Ken Cooke, Doug
Deboer, Robert Decaire, Sonya Deringer, Eric Desjarlais, Denis Dietrich, Brenda
Domagala, Richard Donaldson, Verna Ell, Dianne Elliott, Loretta Erdos, Donald
Fallows, Norman Ferguson, Mary Filipaz, Mauro Flaherty, John Foder, DavidForrester, Anita Forward, William Foster, Catherine
Fraulin, Frankie Ganger, Diane Gieske, Tracey
Gourley, Shauna Gschaid, Cameron Hagel, Maureen
Flamilton, Carolyn Harries, David Harris, Leslie
Harty, Stephan Heaton, Karen Herauf, Kathy
Hickey, Tina Himsl, Bruce Ho, Edward
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mm wHowes, Rose-Marie Hribar, Michelle
Husdal, David Ivanco, Marlyse
Izzo, Angie Jankowiak, Shelley
Jarvie, Thomas Johnson, Diane
Jones, Caroline Juroszek, Renita
Kadezabek, Ivka Kain, DanKambeitz, Kelly Kaupp, Michael Kelly, Joanne Kenny, James Kjeldgaard, Cameron
Koch, Yvonne Koep, Katherine Kolpak, Brenda Koskowich, Mary Kramer, Sandra
Kratz, Miriam Kropinak, Sherry Kuzmicz, Gary Kyle, Norman Lambert, Ronald
Landry, Lorraine Laramee, Marcel Logan, Tracy Longtime Squirrel, Dion Lund, TeriLynagh, Niall Lynam, Tanya Lynn, Eileen Marchand, Jacqueline Martens, Catherine
Martin, Mitch Martin, Shelley Martyna, James McLaughlin, David McLean, Sharia
Melling, Stephen Mevlenbroek, Monique Meurs, Elizabeth Monaghan, Patrick Murray, Stephen
Naylor, Anne Ng, Danny Niehaus, Daniel Noronha, Lisa Novak, Carol-AnnOlshaski, Douglas Ouellette, Allan Overes, Ronald Palazzo, Sofia Park, Nanette
Perlich, Kenneth Peters, Dimetrious Pisko, Sherry Pitt, Mary-Ann Pittman, Vanessa
Plettell, Neal Poirier, Jeannine Ptycia, Avery Pytlarz, Luanne Quint, Heidrun
Raats, Sylvia Rajcic, Stan Ravoy, Penny Reive, Kathleen Remenda, DanielRenaud, Veronique Rollingson, William Rose, Tony Rowan, Debra Saavedra, Carolina
Saavedra, Maria Sauve, Thomas Schille, Loralee Schlichter, Donald Schlosar, Christine
Schreiber, Katherine Seeman, Joseph Semach, Rodney Simmons, Margaret Smith, Linda
Sobuliak, Mary Soros, Juliann
Stanley, Eric Steele, Maureen
Straga, Linda Strong, Daniel
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-Sullivan, Rodney Szilagyi, James Szing, Peggy
Thomas, Joe Thomas, Robert Tompkins, Lisa
Trempner, Darren Troman, Donald Van Rijn, Michelle
Van Ryn, Sandra VandenBerg, Brian Vanluyk, Cheryl
Vitkovic, Johnny Waage, Mark Wagner, Patrick
Wallocha, Norbert Watson, Susan Wenkoff, Colinda
30Wikenheiser, Paula Wingert, Karyn
Wolters, Jacqueline Yanosik, Sandra
Zelechowski, Mawgeurita
MISSING: Axworthy, Michael Cattoni, Lucio Douglas, Shane Johnstone, Louise Kerber, Ted Prepszl, Joseph Reti, Anthony Russell, Cheryl Villa, MonicaAbriotti, Cathy Alexander, Donna Amen, Darilyn Arena, Joey Arias, Larry
Bannerman, Blair Baranyi, Aldena Basaraba, Debbie Beaudin, Bernie Bergman, Sandra
Bishoff, Deanna Bogdan, Debbie Bogdanowski, Kathy Boyce, Alan Brezina, Steve
Brittner, Ken Caldwell, Moreah . Cartwright, Caroline Chanda, Lee Anne Chilton, Mitch
Grade 11Chiste, Frances Cordeiro, Lorna Cosovan, Shannon Credico, Michelle Cress, Darren
Csaszar, Susan Daub, Gary deJong, Bob delValle, Roz Derksen, Bruce
Desjarlais, Leonard Donato, MaryLou Dubienski, Chris Elder, Kevin Erdos, Polly
Ericksen, Ray ' Fajnor, Brad
Fanzago, Jordan Farago, Marty
Ferguson, Joanne Ficiur, Lani
U,Fiedler, Connie Filewych, Brent Foder, Jeff Fortney, Christine Fortney, Kelvin
Foster, Karen Frayn, Robert Fry, Dawn Gallo, Linda Gaits, Bruce
Gieske, Allan Gilborn, Shawn Grady, Kathleen Greenstein, Mike Grizelj, Ned
Gross, Patty Hayward, Ward Hempsey, Jennifer Herbers, Wendy Himsl, ChristineHoffarth, Annette Hoffarth, Colette Huszczyk, Sandra Irmler, Irene Jackson, Don
Jarvie, Darcy Jarvie, Rod Jensen, Heather Jetten, Rob Jochem, Marnie
Joevenazzo, Denise Joevenazzo, Kim Johanson, Zerina Johnson, Jody Juroszek, Gerry
Kain, Perry Kaupp, Greg Kazala, Chris Kenny, Dianne Kenwood, Brian
35Kinahan, Kathy Kinahan, Kevin Kolesar, Darlene
McGhie, Frances Meulenbroek, Carl
Kolpak, Kathy Korsch, Bob Kortt, Terri
Miklos, Jim Milan, Monica
Kowalski, Yola Krajewski, Rick Kremenik, Peter
Monaghan, Gerard Morton, Steve
Krokosh, Brenda Landry, Mary Lynn Laramee, Adele
Murray, Stephanie Mutter, Darren
Lizzi, Brenda Loran, Tracy Mahnic, Tereza
Mutter, Michelle Nardone, Sandra
Nason, Brenda Nault, Linda
Marchand, Todd Martin, David Martin, DelaynaOlson, Lori Parsons, Patricia Pelletier, Sheila Perlich, Stanley Persinger, Tracy
Pomahac, Monica Pungor, Robbie Pungor, Tom Pytlarz, Tom Remenda, Laurie
Reti, Anthony Richardson, Gary Riske, Connie Roberts, Dwayne Rodzinyak, Beth
Rodzinyak, Dori Rohovie, Tom Rowan, Wesley Salahor, Marc Sanders, David
Schamber, Brenda Schmidt, Karl Schneider, Alan Scott, Theresa Sharun, Mark
Simons, Jackie Sinclair, John Sirovyak, Robin Slusar, Lynn Snopek, Patti
Sobuliak, Linda Soenen, Donald Soros, ZsaZsa Stasinski, Elizabeth Stroud, Kevin
Sullivan, Mary Szojka, Andrew Thomas, Frederick Tinordi, Bradley Tizzard, Carol
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39Todd, John Paul Tourgelis, Bessy Troman, Lynn Tschritter, Maria
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IBuszko, Terry
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46Hopkins, Alan Houle, Andre Hovan, Bill
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Kawade, Debbie Kelly, Mike Kinahan, TheresiaKjeldgaard, Rhonda Koep, Rob Kolesar, Dianne
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Kyle, Ron Lamane, Margaret Larko, MarneeLavorato, Pete Leclaire, Brian Linton, Arlene
Lynn, Kathy Maciura, Julie Makarenko, Ronda
Mantler, Ed Martens, Laurie Martin, Sharon
McLean, Shelley McLellan, Bill Mead, NancyMeli, Pat Merrick, Donna Meulenbroek, Jack
Miklos, Pat Milan, Cindy Misak, Brad
Monaghan, Brian Monaghan, Liz Monteith, Lisa
Morgan, Crystal Mucciarone, Rita Murillo, ShaunaNardone, John Niehaus, Annette Olshaski, Ken
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Radvanszky, Rita Reilander, Margaret Roberts, Jeff
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Salmon, Sharon Saretsky, Donna Sauve, JennySemach, Garry Soenen, Ron Sokalski, Diane
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53Szojka, Lorand Tarnava, Brenda Tendler, Rob
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Van Ryn, Connie Vasas, Brenda Wagner, Andrew
fWagner, Michele Wallocha, Ed Walser, Susan
Wapple, Boyd Watson, Cheryl Wenkoff, Brad
Wensveen, Richard Wingert, Rob Wright, Estelle
MISSING:
Dan Briscoe Mike Caswell Keith Hickey Doug Huchala Alan Husdal Charmen Janik
Kelly Kain John Mars Dominic McKenna Doug Pitt Neil Pomahac■H
THE STARS WAIT ...FOR
MEVALEDICTORY
by Ronda Makarenko
Congratulations graduates! At long last we have arrived at the evening which symbolically ends the trauma and tribulation of our high school years. I’m sure some of us feel that we have reached the “Impossible Dream”. And I think I see a few parents nodding their heads in agreement.
For the rest of us, graduation may be a mere stepping stone toward furthering our education. But no matter where our perspective individually lies, one thing should be certain to each and every one of us ... we DID set a goal and we HAVE achieved it. Our graduation can now serve to remind us of past success and, perhaps, to foreshadow our future endeavors.
Looking back at our past five years at Catholic Central it is only normal that we have mixed emotions. Although there have been some unpleasantries they have served a purpose in teaching us to acknowledge and appreciate the good times we have experienced. And after all, judging by tonight, we DID survive all those inhuman conditions although we couldn’t help but feel alienated when, for instance, Mr. Kireef would take out his collection of toxic chemicals and wave them under our noses urging us to “take a big whiff’ . And who will ever forget ol’ “Wild Bill Kolysher” and the dreaded biology project? It seems even Shakespeare was turning against us to the point where “to be or not to be was definitely the question and yet we trudged into “tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow”. Tonight our tomorrow has arrived! Let us greet it with gratitude, perseverance and courage.
Guiding us throughout our years have been those mighty superheroes called parents. While on the outside we may consider them as no more than old fashioned fuddy duddies with LESS than a clue about “our generation”, deep down inside there is no doubt that we owe them virtually everything. Our parents have been there to bear the brunt of everything from exam weeks, broken hearts and failing grades, to acne and the frizzies. I would like to extend a personal thanks to my mom for sharing in my laughter and tears and thank you to all our parents for being our morale boosters, our cultural educators, and our spiritual guides.
Graduation is also a time to remember our teachers. I guess if we considered them as a sports team they would be sure to win the trophy for the players who do the most with the least recognition. Whether we want to admit it or not, our teachers have represented a priceless portion of our lives thus far. Besides teaching us the basic facts and subject matter, they have instructed us in the emotional and spiritual aspects of life. Many of them have gone beyond their call of duty putting in countless extra hours coaching teams, attending extra-curricular activities and just generally being there as counsellors and as friends.
According to M.J. Berrill, “A good teacher is not simply one who imparts knowledge to his students, but one who awakens their interest in it and makes them eager to pursue it for themselves. He is a spark plug, not a fuel pipe.” I’d like to think that, by showing genuine interest in what we are all about, our teachers HAVE sparked us to new heights and horizons.
As we dwell on this thought a great friend and teacher immediately comes to mind, namely Mr. Louis Burke. One only had to encounter Mr. Burke once to know he was a very special and valuable human being. I’d like my fellow English 30 classmates to recall the last day of his class as I share with all of you this story.Mr. Burke was discussing the importance of literature with the class as he often did. “If you only read one book in your entire life,” he said, “you should read the Bible. If you feel confused you don’t know where you’re going it’s because you haven’t read the Bible. The Bible will give you direction and answers. I myself am not worried”, he concluded. “I HAVE read the Bible and I KNOW where I am going.”
This year also marks the end of Mr. Sawicki’s position as principal. I’m sure by now Mr. Sawicki must think he has seen it all. Most parents find it barely possible to cope with one or two of us through those “terrible teens” but Mr. Sawicki handled roughly 800 of us every year for the past sixteen years. Some say he’s a glutton for punishment. But I’m sure he has also found his work rewarding at times. Mr. Sawicki, can you relate to this little episode?
A mother was having a hard time getting her son to go to school one morning. “Nobody likes me at school”, said the son. “The teachers don’t and the kids don’t. The superintendent wants to transfer me, the bus drivers hate me, and the school board wants me to drop out. I don’t want to go.”
“You’ve got to go”, insisted the mother. “You’re healthy. You have a lot to learn. You’ve got something to offer others. You are a leader. Besides, you’re 49 years old. And you’re the principal!” You’ve never felt like that, now, have you Mr. Sawicki?
Probably the greatest thing we have shared together, as a graduating class, is each other. The friendships we have formed throughout the past twelve years will never be forgotten. Although physically we may part and go our separate ways, the bonds of love and concern we’ve experienced will be stored forever in our hearts and souls. At Catholic Central we have shared with one another our goals, our misgivings, our talents and our faith; faith in God our Father.
Hopefully, through our Catholic education, our teachers and our families, we have come to know God as the Lord of all things and as a personal friend. “Faith sees the invisible, believes the incredible, and receives the impossible.”
Together with the support of our families and friends, and our faith in Christ we will be able to face and conquer all obstacles which we encounter. In Matthew Chapter 7 it is written, “Ask, and it will be given you; seek and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. For everyone who asks receives, and he who seeks finds, and to him
RNA virus modulation of IFN, PI3K and apoptosis
No full textInterferon (IFN) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) are apoptosis regulators
that are targeted by viruses to promote survival of infected cells. Significant crosstalk
exists between IFN and PI3K, and this study sought to investigate the relationships
between IFN, PI3K and apoptosis during virus infection. Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5)
and influenza A virus (IAV) are both negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses
that encode multifunctional proteins in order to maximise their genome coding
capacity. The PIV5 V and IAV NS1 proteins are well-studied as IFN antagonists and,
in addition, both are reported to modulate PI3K signalling. Less well-studied is the
role of these proteins in apoptosis regulation; the ability of V and NS1 to inhibit
apoptosis was therefore investigated. PIV5/V was found to limit cell death in
response to a number of apoptosis inducers in a manner that required its STAT1-
degradative activity and also inhibited activation of the PI3K downstream target, Akt.
IAV/NS1 binds directly to PI3K to stimulate its activity, and this is reported to mediate
anti-apoptotic signalling during IAV infection. However, a virus expressing an NS1
unable to bind PI3K did not induce more apoptosis than wt virus. NS1 expression,
either in a stable cell-line or during virus infection, was also unable to protect cells
from pro-apoptotic stimuli. NS1-mediated PI3K activation similarly had no effect on
IFN production or ISG expression in infected cells. In contrast, other NS1 mutant
viruses induced large amounts of apoptosis. These viruses also induced significant
levels of IFN and were unable to cause apoptosis in IFN-deficient cells, indicating
that NS1 limits apoptosis induction through its IFN antagonist functions. The
implications of this work for anti-cancer and anti-viral therapies are discussed
A randomized trial of planned cesarean or vaginal delivery for twin pregnancy
No full textBackground: Twin birth is associated with a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes than singleton birth. It is unclear whether planned cesarean section results in a lower risk of adverse outcomes than planned vaginal delivery in twin pregnancy.
Methods: We randomly assigned women between 32 weeks 0 days and 38 weeks 6 days of gestation with twin pregnancy and with the first twin in the cephalic presentation to planned cesarean section or planned vaginal delivery with cesarean only if indicated. Elective delivery was planned between 37 weeks 5 days and 38 weeks 6 days of gestation. The primary outcome was a composite of fetal or neonatal death or serious neonatal morbidity, with the fetus or infant as the unit of analysis for the statistical comparison.
Results: A total of 1398 women (2795 fetuses) were randomly assigned to planned cesarean delivery and 1406 women (2812 fetuses) to planned vaginal delivery. The rate of cesarean delivery was 90.7% in the planned-cesarean-delivery group and 43.8% in the planned-vaginal-delivery group. Women in the planned-cesarean-delivery group delivered earlier than did those in the planned-vaginal-delivery group (mean number of days from randomization to delivery, 12.4 vs. 13.3; P = 0.04). There was no significant difference in the composite primary outcome between the planned-cesarean-delivery group and the planned-vaginal-delivery group (2.2% and 1.9%, respectively; odds ratio with planned cesarean delivery, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 1.74; P = 0.49).
Conclusion: In twin pregnancy between 32 weeks 0 days and 38 weeks 6 days of gestation, with the first twin in the cephalic presentation, planned cesarean delivery did not significantly decrease or increase the risk of fetal or neonatal death or serious neonatal morbidity, as compared with planned vaginal delivery
