66 research outputs found
NMR STUDIES OR SOME HINDERED ETHANIC ROTATORS
No full textAuthor Institution: National Bureau of Standards“Conformational free energy differences for several hindered ethanic rotators are obtained with the aid of an expression suited to such determinations fro ambient NMR measurements. Medium effects on free energy differences are discussed and quantitative data are presented for a number of systems. Reliability of the approach is compared with that of other NMR approaches used for obtaining similar data, and based on temperature dependence studies of the NMR parameters.
Regional skill ecosystems to assist young people making education employment linkages in transition from school to work
No full textFor the last five years the author has been involved in a five-year trans-disciplinary research program funded by the New Zealand government on education employment linkages for young people. His research has focused on employer-led channels at the regional level, investigating how opportunities and requirements of employers in a region are
communicated to young people as they make key education choices. This paper summarises the major findings of this part of the research programme, paying particular attention to the role of careers offices in post-school education institutions. The work draws on the skill ecosystem metaphor introduced initially by David Finegold (1999) and developed more recently by the NSW Board of Vocational Education and Training in Australia in collaboration with a research team led by John Buchanan at the University of Sydne
Catalyzed networks: government as a network facilitator in regional economies
No full textThis thesis presents a case study of a government-led effort to foster inter-industry linkages in central New Jersey’s biopharmaceutical cluster. It uses in-depth interviews to inform a framework explaining how a government-funded intermediary functioned to stimulate economically valuable collaborations between key and previously unconnected regional stakeholders. It also employs a quasi-longitudinal network analysis to measure the network growth and relationship quality of a sample of 38 individuals who had varying levels of participation in the effort. Discussion and possible implications for regional economic development policy are offered in closing.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby John McCarth
Simulation study of lateral diffusion in lipid-sterol bilayer mixtures
No full textWe employ off-lattice Monte Carlo simulations to study lateral diffusion in lipid-sterol bilayers using a two-dimensional model system which has been designed to simulate the experimental phase diagrams of both lipid-cholesterol and lipid-lanosterol systems. We focus on the effects of varying sterol concentration and temperature on the tracer diffusion coefficient, D, which characterizes the lateral motion of single tagged lipids in a bilayer. Generally. we find that increasing the cholesterol concentration suppresses D due to an increased conformational ordering of lipid chains. We argue that this effect competes with an increase in the average free area per lipid, which favours an increase in D. At temperatures close to the main transition temperature, the competition between the two effects leads to intriguing behavior of D. Overall, the model results are in excellent qualitative agreement with available experimental results for lipid-cholesterol mixtures. Additional studies of a model lipid-lanosterol system, for which experimental diffusion results are not available, predict that the presence of lanosterol has a smaller effect than cholesterol on reducing D relative to the pure lipid system. We conclude that. the molecular model employed contains the essential features required to describe many of the qualitative features of the lateral diffusion behavior in lipid-sterol systems.PT: J; CR: ALECIO MR, 1982, P NATL ACAD SCI-BIOL, V79, P5171 ALMEIDA PFF, 1992, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V31, P6739 BLOCH K, 1991, CHOLESTEROL EVOLUTIO, P363 BLOOM M, 1988, CAN J CHEM, V66, P706 COHEN MH, 1959, J CHEM PHYS, V31, P1164 DAMMANN B, 1995, COMPUTER SIMULATION DEMEL RA, 1972, BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA, V266, P26 DONIACH S, 1978, J CHEM PHYS, V68, P4912 FINEGOLD L, 1993, CHOLESTEROL MODEL ME FRENKEL D, 1996, UNDERSTANDING MOL SI, P103 GABDOULINE RR, 1996, J PHYS CHEM-US, V96, P15942 HANSEN JP, 1986, THEORY SIMPLE LIQUID IPSEN JH, 1987, BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA, V905, P162 KORLACH J, 1999, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V96, P8461 LADHA S, 1996, BIOPHYS J, V71, P1364 LINDBLOM G, 1994, PROG NUCL MAG RES SP, V26, P483 LINSEISEN FM, 1993, CHEM PHYS LIPIDS, V65, P141 MACEDO PB, 1965, J CHEM PHYS, V42, P245 MARCELJA S, 1974, BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA, V367, P165 MERKEL R, 1994, J PHYS CHEM-US, V98, P4428 METROPOLIS N, 1953, J CHEM PHYS, V21, P1087 MOURITSEN OG, 1995, BIOPHYS CHEM, V55, P55 NEEDHAM D, 1988, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V27, P4668 NEEDHAM D, 1989, BIOPHYS J, V55, P1001 NIELSEN M, 1996, PHYS REV E, V54, P6889 NIELSEN M, 1999, PHYS REV E B, V59, P5790 NIELSEN M, 1999, THESIS MCGILL U MONT NIELSEN M, 2000, EUROPHYS LETT, V52, P368 PARE C, 1998, BIOPHYS J 1, V74, P899 PINK DA, 1980, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V19, P349 POLSON JM, 2000, UNPUB PRESTI FT, 1985, MEMBRANE FLUIDITY BI, V4, P97 ROBINSON AJ, 1995, BIOPHYS J, V68, P164 RUBENSTEIN JR, 1979, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V76, P15 SANKARAM MB, 1991, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V88, P8686 SMONDYREV AM, 1999, BIOPHYS J, V77, P2075 SMONDYREV AM, 1999, J CHEM PHYS, V110, P3981 SMONDYREV AM, 1999, J COMPUT CHEM, V20, P531 TANAKA K, 1999, LANGMUIR, V15, P600 THEWALT J, 1996, UNPUB THEWALT JL, 1992, BIOPHYS J, V63, P1176 TIELEMAN DP, 1997, BBA-REV BIOMEMBRANES, V1331, P235 TOCANNE JF, 1994, PROG LIPID RES, V33, P203 TROUARD TP, 1999, J CHEM PHYS, V110, P8802 TU K, 1995, BIOPHYS J, V69, P2558 TU KC, 1998, BIOPHYS J, V75, P2147 URBINA JA, 1995, BBA-BIOMEMBRANES, V1238, P163 VATTULAINEN I, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V79, P257 VAZ WLC, 1992, COMMENTS MOL CELL BI, V8, P17 VIST MR, 1984, THESIS U GUELPH GUEL VIST MR, 1990, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V29, P451 WU ES, 1977, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V16, P3936 ZHELEV DV, 1993, BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA, V1147, P89; NR: 53; TC: 21; J9: EUR PHYS J E; PG: 13; GA: 459EWSource type: Electronic(1
Corporate social performance attracts top talent: the moderating role of work values
No full textThis study introduces and tests the role of work values in moderating the effects of corporate social performance (CSP) on prospective applicants’ job pursuit intentions. I integrate the literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and CSP with the advances in organizational behavior in understanding values and work values in particular. Building on the role of values in CSP (Swanson, 1995), theories of person-organization fit (Chatman, 1989), work values (Judge & Bretz, 1992), and competing values that link to behaviors (Schwartz, 1996), I hypothesize that an overall value for CSR and specific values linked to CSR moderate the effects of CSP on job pursuit intentions. More specifically job applicants with a value for CSR, a career goal to do good, low dominance and women who are socialized to be more other-regarding will be more likely to pursue a job with firms that are high in CSP. This study addresses common method basis by relying on two distinct data sources and uses real firm data for CSP measures. A sample of 2,000 US undergraduates, MBAs, and master’s non-MBA students captures individuals’ values. The second source provides CSP ratings for 144 public corporations that match with students’ employer job pursuit intentions. Companies are nested within individuals, as each respondent provides their ideal and company-related job preferences. Hypotheses were expected to hold generally for all student groups, but results differed by group. The findings provide support for an overall value for CSR only in the masters’ non-MBA students. Stronger support is found for the moderating role of specific values of a career goal to do good and low dominance in all groups. The strongest and most consistent finding is for women. Such results add to the growing literature on CSP by specifying for whom CSP is more relevant when pursuing a job based on identifying their work values. While CSP firms may at first attract top talent based on similar values, a person-organization fit is expected to continue playing a role in employees’ retention and their actual contribution to the execution of CSP.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Anne-Laure P. Winkle
The Politics of Social Policy Reform in the United States: The Clinton and the W. Bush Presidencies Reconsidered
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to examine what key reform attempts during the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush presidencies reveal about the wider possibilities for social policy change in the United States. Most particularly, why were Presidents Clinton and Bush able to achieve their goals in some policy realms but so badly defeated in others? As argued, institutional variation from one policy area to another helps answer this question. On the one hand, strong institutional obstacles in the fields of Social Security and health insurance largely explain the defeat of the most ambitious social policy proposal put forward by each president. On the other hand, successful reforms occurred in a comparatively favourable institutional context. Yet, the analysis also suggests that paying close attention to the strategic ideas of political actors as they interact with existing institutions and policy legacies is necessary to fully understand the politics of social policy reform.social policy, Medicare, Social Security, welfare, institutions, United States
An exploration of broad employee ownership and responsible stakeholder management in B corporations
No full textAs corporate profits, stock valuations and top executive pay reach record levels at the same time that average worker wages remain stagnant and persistently high unemployment devastates many communities, many academics and policymakers are questioning whether the current form of global capitalism is sustainable. The shareholder model that has come to dominate among global corporations privileges the interests of owners over employees, the community and other societal interests. But can alternative models of corporate governance and ownership co-exist that create profitable companies which share these benefits more equitably with employees and other external stakeholders? This dissertation will explore this question by providing one the first rigorous academic analyses of a new corporate standard: B Corporations. The study elaborates on the concepts of employee ownership and responsible stakeholder management (RSM) and further empirically analyzes the relationships between the two. Three core questions delineate this research. Is a firm that adopts a set of strategic human resource practices that treat employees responsibly, also more likely to share ownership broadly with its employees? Are firms with broad employee ownership also more likely to engage in responsible external stakeholder management? And does giving employees greater involvement in running the firm enhance the relationship between broad ownership and RSM? This study relies on a unique sample of 347 private, mostly small-to-medium size firms which have sought B Corporation assessment or certification by the nonprofit B Lab. By investigating a homogeneous sample, this study is able to hold constant key determinants of RSM such as leadership commitment, structure, and culture, and focus on the variation of employee ownership and its relationship with RSM. The results partially support the hypothesis that broad employee ownership is positively associated with external RSM, in particular with a focus on the environment. While hypothesized as a moderator, employee involvement alone acts as a relevant predictor of external RSM. Further research is needed to differentiate employee / manager / founder ownership, and specify the dimensions of RSM. Additional empirical work should evaluate whether similar relationships hold true in public corporations that have different charters and governance relationships.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Anne-Laure Pelissier Winkle
The Provision of Training in Britain: Case Studies of Inter-Firm Coordination
No full textThis article examines how and why employers cooperate in the provision of training. Such cooperation has a long history in Britain, but it has varied over time in extent and strength. It exists in a strong form in the German speaking countries where employers' organisations and chambers of commerce are a fundamental part of the training system. In the UK, we argue that this form of training is more prevalent than is often thought and that it can have a positive effect on the quantity and quality of training. Case studies are presented of the following: an industry-wide body, namely an employers' association; a local multi- industry body, namely a chamber of commerce; a traditional group training association; a local consortium of big employers; and a network of firms in a large company's supply chain. Though such forms of organisation have much to commend them in the training field, in the UK coverage is uneven and its stability is fragile.
Social Protection and Human Capital: Test of a Hypothesis
No full textThe claim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between social protection and the investment in human capital. The idea is that investment in human capital is risky and therefore, as a prerequisite, needs some kind of protection as insurance. Investments in specific human capital, in particular, are very risky and require a special protection so as not to be avoided. An attempt is made to study the micro foundations of this relationship in depth which afterwards moves on to a macroeconomic analysis. Here a strong link is found between the levels and types of social protection and the skill profiles of a country (as predicted). The clusters we find seem to be in accordance with existing literature on ‘varieties of capitalism’. The last stage of this work is a hypothesis in the opposite direction of the nexus: how the choices of workers and firms influence the institutional framework (endogeneity of institutions of the welfare state). The result of this network of relations seems to be the formation of several organizational equilibria (and not a global convergence) in which institutions shape agents’ behaviour and, at the same time, agents, through their policy preferences, reinforce existing institutional infrastructures.
Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens promotes the production of ovalbumin specific antibody via stimulating dendritic cell differentiation and up-regulating Th2 biased immune response
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