426 research outputs found
Adebiyi etal: absorption of shortwave radiation by North African dust
No full textThe codes and datasets contained here are for the paper with the information below
Titled: "North African dust absorbs substantially less solar radiation than estimated by climate models and remote-sensing retrievals"
Author: Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Yue Huang, Bjørn H. Samset and Jasper F. Kok
Please see the ReadMe.txt for additional details.
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Corresponding Authors:
Adeyemi Adebiyi
Email: [email protected];
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences,
University of California-Merced,
5200 North Lake Road Merced, CA 95343
Bjørn er et Projekt
No full textThis project is centered around Bjørn Rasmussen’s autofictional novel Huden er det elastiske hylster der omgiver hele legemet. The project focuses on the differentiating interpretations that arise between an autofictional approach and a post-structuralist approach. The post-structuralist approach leads to the novel being viewed as an autonomous text. The approach includes the notion of the author not being present which gives the reader complete freedom of interpretation. In this sense there is no one interpretation which can be said to contain absolute truth. The autofictional approach however, necessitates the use of paratext in order to gain an understanding of the author and his intentions. In this sense, the author is very much present, since he has placed his own self within the text. Thereby the reader is given the option to investigate the biographical cursors. Both the biographical and the fictional cursors can hence be either verified or denied. The author can thereby be used to open up the text and create new possibilities of interpretation. With the use of autofiction Bjørn Rasmussen places himself within a modern literary tendency, a new wave of authors that have established the revival of the author, by placing themselves in the very centre of their texts.This project is centered around Bjørn Rasmussen’s autofictional novel Huden er det elastiske hylster der omgiver hele legemet. The project focuses on the differentiating interpretations that arise between an autofictional approach and a post-structuralist approach. The post-structuralist approach leads to the novel being viewed as an autonomous text. The approach includes the notion of the author not being present which gives the reader complete freedom of interpretation. In this sense there is no one interpretation which can be said to contain absolute truth. The autofictional approach however, necessitates the use of paratext in order to gain an understanding of the author and his intentions. In this sense, the author is very much present, since he has placed his own self within the text. Thereby the reader is given the option to investigate the biographical cursors. Both the biographical and the fictional cursors can hence be either verified or denied. The author can thereby be used to open up the text and create new possibilities of interpretation. With the use of autofiction Bjørn Rasmussen places himself within a modern literary tendency, a new wave of authors that have established the revival of the author, by placing themselves in the very centre of their texts
«Men det var jo en protest» Politics in Dag Solstad’s novels about Bjørn Hansen
No full textDenne masteroppgaven tar for seg Dag Solstads tre romaner om romankarakteren Bjørn Hansen, Ellevte roman, bok atten (1992), 17. roman (2009) og Tredje, og siste, roman om Bjørn Hansen (2019) og argumenterer for at de kan leses som politiske. Dette er romaner fra andre halvdel av Solstads forfatterskap, en periode som tidligere ble ansett som mindre politiske enn det tidlige forfatterskapet, som i stor grad omhandlet politisk kamp som motiv og som tema. Denne tendensen i resepsjonen og Solstad-forskningen ble utfordret av Geir Hjorthol i doktoravhandlingen Tilbaketrekninga. Litteraturens politikk i Dag Solstads forfattarskap. (2011), som viser til en mer allmenn politisk tendens i forfatterskapet. I min lesning av disse romanene argumenterer jeg for at de kan leses som politiske med en tilnærming som skiller seg fra Hjorthols, hvor generasjonskonflikten i romanene kan forstås som uttrykk for motstand mot samtidens herskende ideologier. Jeg leser Bjørn Hansen som representant for sin generasjon, et norsk 1960-tallsmenneske, som kontrasteres med andre representanter i karaktergalleriet: Sønnen Peter i de to første romanene, og barnebarnet Wiggo og hans kjæreste, N.N. i den siste romanen. I fremstillingen av disse representantene kan leseren fornemme romanens implisitte forfatter, som med usynlig hånd støtter Bjørn Hansens holdninger og verdier i møte med samtidsånden og som ønsker at leseren skal ha et tilsvarende syn. Bjørn Hansens opprørshandlinger (særlig rullestolhandlingen i Ellevte roman, bok atten) kan dermed forstås som protesthandlinger mot tendenser i samtiden. Felles for de tre romanene er en antikapitalistisk grunnholdning som kommer til uttrykk i Hansens kulturkonservatisme og samtidspessimisme.This MA-thesis is a study of Dag Solstad’s three novels about the character Bjørn Hansen, Ellevte roman, bok atten (1992), 17. roman (2009) and Tredje, og siste, roman om Bjørn Hansen (2019) where I argue that they can be read as political. These are novels from the second half of Solstad’s bibliography, a period which was long considered to be less political than the earlier half, which largely depicted political struggles in both plot and theme. This tendency in the reception and study of the author was challenged in Geir Hjorthol’s doctorate, Tilbaketrekninga. Litteraturens politikk i Dag Solstads forfattarskap. (2011), which aims to reveal a more general political tendency in the writing. In my study of these novels, I argue that they can be read as political with an approach that differs from Hjorthol’s, where the depicted generational conflict can be understood as resistance against contemporary ruling ideologies. I read Bjørn Hansen as a representative figure for his generation, a Norwegian man of the 1960s, who is set in contrast with other representative figures in the character-gallery: His son, Peter, in the first two novels, his grandson, Wiggo, and the grandson’s girlfriend, N.N., in the final novel. In the depiction of these representative figures one can distinguish the novel’s implied author, who’s invisible hand affirms Bjørn Hansen’s attitudes and values against the contemporary and guides the reader to take a similar position. Bjørn Hansens acts of rebellion (primarily assigning himself to a wheelchair in Ellevte roman, bok atten) can thus be understood as acts of protest against contemporary tendencies. The three novels have in common an anti-capitalist attitude which is expressed in Hansen's cultural conservatism and pessimism towards the contemporary.Mastergradsoppgave i nordisk språk og litteraturNOLISP350MAHF-NORDMAHF-LÆN
A Data-Driven Exploration: Providing Early Feedback on Socioeconomic Mitigation Strategies for Climate Change
No full textThe current rate of climate change is unprecedented in millennia and represents one of humanity’s most significant
issues for the 21st century, with serious consequences for both civilization and the environment if no action is taken.
To reduce the future impact of changes, coordinated international efforts such as those outlined in the Paris Agree-
ment are required. However, mitigation and adaptation efforts should not only be extensive, but also be precise in
order to align international socioeconomic development with temperature targets as well as other societal and envi-
ronmental sustainability goals. In order to inform about the future climate, extensive efforts through institutions such
as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have resulted in extensive scenario-based research with
Earth system models (ESMs). This work forms the knowledge basis for information provided to the worlds decision
makers.
Currently, established methods for near-term feedback on mitigation efforts are mainly based on the global surface
air temperature (GSAT) variable alone. By these methods, a clear separation of socioeconomic pathways does not
emerge before 20 to 30 years after emission separation due to the internal variability of the climate system. Here, we
use a machine learning approach to create a separation of the climatic response from the socioeconomic development
pathways based on ESM output data. This policy feedback strategy has not been described previously. Using 40
realizations of ACCESS-ESM1.5 under SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5, where emission starts to differ in 2015, we estimate
that a classification accuracy above 80 % is attainable by the appropriate feature-set/model combinations as early as
2026 based on the mean accuracy across 50 random states. However, the uncertainty of estimated accuracy is greatly
reduced towards 2030–2040, indicating that real-world applications are not yet attainable. Our findings suggest that
classification models trained on ESM-forecasts have the potential to become a powerful tool for providing early feedback
on how the climate system responds to mitigation efforts
Climate variability can outweigh the influence of climate mean changes for extreme precipitation under global warming
No full text<p>Dataset used to analyize role of climate variability</p>
Climate responses to a rapid phaseout of Black Carbon emissions, with a focus on the Asian summer monsoon
No full textThe absorption of shortwave radiation by aerosols is predominantly caused by black carbon (BC), which can significantly affect atmospheric stability, circulation, and the hydrological cycle. Driven by concerns over air quality, public health, and global warming, a reduction in BC emissions is anticipated in the coming decades. This shift is of particular significance in South and East Asia, regions identified as aerosol hotspots, where large populations and the reliance on the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) make them especially susceptible to changes in aerosol dynamics.
This thesis comprehensively analyzes the climatic responses to a global phaseout in BC emissions under the SSP3-7.0 scenario. Utilizing simulations from three distinct climate models within the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) experiment— UKESM1.0-LL, MIROC6, and MPI-ESM1.2-HAM—this study spans the period from 2015 to 2054 (and to 2094 for UKESM1.0-LL) to project global, regional, and seasonal anomalies. The focus is on examining the responses in Aerosol Absorption Optical Depth (AAOD), near- surface temperature, vertical mass flux, vertical air temperature, precipitation, and their interdependencies across each model.
The results reveal significant inter-model differences. MIROC and MPI-ESM exhibit weaker responses to BC emission reductions, aligning closely with the ASM’s typical behavior. In contrast, UKESM projects a robust decrease in precipitation over India, counter to expectations, attributed to reduced convective activity. This variance in responses emphasizes the challenges in climate modeling, mainly due to the poorly constrained nature of aerosol absorption and the complex mechanisms driving the Asian climate system. The thesis provides insights into the potential impact of climate policies aimed at mitigating BC emissions
Supplementary information to Bjørn et al. (2023)
No full textThis spreadsheet contains the data behind all figures displayed in the following paper:
Title: Differentiation of greenhouse gases in corporate science-based targets improves alignment with Paris temperature goal
Authors: Anders Bjørn1-3*, Shannon Lloyd4, Urs Schenker5, Manuele Margni6,7, Annie Levasseur8, Maxime Agez6 and Damon Matthews2
1 Section for Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
2 Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, Concordia University, Montréal, Canada.
3 Centre for Absolute Sustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
4 Department of Management, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
5 Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1010 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
6 Department of Mathematical and Industrial Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Canada
7 Institute of Sustainable Energy, School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Switzerland
8 Department of Construction Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, Canada.
*Corresponding author: [email protected].
The paper is currently (June 11th, 2023) under review with Environmental Research Letter
How cleaner air changes the climate
No full textAir quality improvements affect regional climate in complex ways</jats:p
Aerosol absorption has an underappreciated role in historical precipitation change
No full textPrecipitation change has proven notoriously hard to simulate consistently between global climate models. Aerosol induced shortwave absorption over the historical era is also poorly constrained in both observations and modelling. These factors are closely linked, since absorption induced heating of the atmospheric column inhibits precipitation formation. Here I show that the spread in simulated aerosol absorption in the most recent generation of climate models (CMIP6) can be a dominating cause of uncertainty in simulated precipitation change, globally and regionally. Consequently, until improvements are made in scientific understanding of the key absorbing aerosol types, projections of precipitation change under future anthropogenic emissions will have major, irreducible uncertainties. Black carbon, which has recently been found to have only a weak influence on global surface temperature, regains prominence as a contributor to regional precipitation change and its historical and future evolution.publishedVersio
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