1,720,967 research outputs found
Self-ratings of pathogenic beliefs: A study based on the psychodynamic control-mastery theory
No full textSingle-case studies by the San Francisco Psychotherapy Research Group have shown psychotherapy to be successful if pathogenic beliefs are disproved by the therapist. To date, however, no systematic knowledge regarding relevant thematic areas of pathogenic beliefs has been available. The authors examined whether those pathogenic beliefs judged by trained raters to be of regular occurrence also prove symptomatically relevant according to the self-ratings of patients and whether these beliefs can be classified along content-related dimensions. The authors presented 49 items, obtained from expert ratings in the context of diagnostic interviews with 35 differentially diagnosed patients and on the basis of verbal, scenic, and biographical informational levels, were presented to three samples: 74 individuals selected from the normal population, 79 patients with somatoform disorders, and 165 clients with various diagnoses receiving inpatient psychotherapy. Based on these results, the List of Pathogenic Beliefs (LPB) comprising 23 items was developed. Individuals receiving inpatient psychotherapy attained significantly higher scores than those from the normal population on the Self-Doubt, Doubt of Others, Expression of Anger, Fear of Close Relationships, and Guilt of Success subscales. Significant correlations were found between the total LPB scale and the Global Severity Index of the Symptom Checklist (r = .70) as well as the total score of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems ( r = .74). Results thus demonstrate the symptomatic relevance of self-rated pathogenic beliefs. More extensive application of the LPB could help supplement previous case-study research on control-mastery theory
What follows the diagnosis of a somatoform disorder? An empirical study on health condition and health care utilisation two to four years after psychosomatic consultation in a University hospital
No full textMany hospitals provide psychosomatic consultation services for patients with unclear physical symptoms. The present follow-up-study aimed to analyse the situation of patients with somatoform disorders (ICD-10 F45) after psychosomatic consultation. It was performed at two times, in 1995 and 2004. Two to four years after psychosomatic consultation, 37 respectively 79 former patients answered a questionnaire on symptom load, psychosocial impairment and health care utilisation as well as the Screening of Somatoform Disorders SOMS-2. The results of both samples show the majority of patients to have persistent symptoms with considerable psychosocial impairments. The utilisation of outpatient psychotherapeutic treatment is insufficient. New concepts of psychosomatic consultation services have to be realized in cooperation with general practitioners. They should focus on motivating patients for psychotherapy
Self‐reported defence mechanisms as an outcome measure in psychotherapy: A study on the German version of the Defence Style Questionnaire DSQ 40
No full textThe psychoanalytically informed construct of 'defence mechanisms' is of central importance for the understanding of the dynamics of inner conflicts and the onset of neurotic symptoms. Objective and valid assessment of 'defence' is difficult. There are a number of observer rating instruments but only few self-report questionnaires. The German version of the 'Defence Style Questionnaire - DSQ 40' (Andrews, Singh, & Bond, 1993) was examined with regard to its factorial and content validity, and its sensitivity to change during inpatient psychotherapy. One hundred and fifty-five patients with mixed diagnoses were administered the DSQ 40 and the SCL-90-R before and after 3 months of inpatient psychotherapy. Diagnoses were mostly affective and anxiety disorders as well as eating disorders, and there was a high comorbidity of personality disorders. After deletion of some items due to insufficient pairwise item-intercorrelation or false classification to a defence mechanism by experienced clinicians, we found three stable factors of defence (maladaptive, intermediate-neurotic and adaptive) consistent with the previous research. After 3 months of therapy, a decrease in maladaptive mechanisms and an increase in adaptive patterns were found, while neurotic mechanisms did not change on average. Our shortened version of the DSQ 40 was shown to be a valid instrument for the assessment of defence mechanisms and change in these mechanisms after psychotherapy. Our design did not permit an assessment of whether or not the change in defence mechanisms was due to the therapeutic treatment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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