1,721,049 research outputs found
Socially responsible international business: review, synthesis, and directions
No full textActing in a socially-responsible manner has become a crucial success factor for many international firms due to the highly complex, competitive, and volatile global environment in which they operate. This book will contribute new ideas, contemporary knowledge, and original research to the area of socially-responsible international business, and offers challenging directions for future research. Topic covered range from global environmental influences on acting in a socially-responsible way; foreign buyer reactions to responsible business and international market targeting to development of socially-responsible international business strategies
Phase-amplitude coupling and epileptogenesis in an animal model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
No full textPolyrhythmic coupling of oscillatory components in electrophysiological signals results from the interactions between neuronal sub-populations within and between cell assemblies. Since the mechanisms underlying epileptic disorders should affect such interactions, abnormal level of cross-frequency coupling is expected to provide a signal marker of epileptogenesis. We measured phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), a form of cross-frequency coupling between neural oscillations, in a rodent model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 4, 250–300 g) were injected with pilocarpine (380 mg/kg, i.p) to induce a status epilepticus (SE) that was stopped after 1 h with diazepam (5 mg/kg, s.c.) and ketamine (50 mg/kg, s.c.). Control animals (n = 6) did not receive any injection or treatment. Three days after SE, all animals were implanted with bipolar electrodes in the hippocampal CA3 subfield, entorhinal cortex, dentate gyrus and subiculum. Continuous video/EEG recordings were performed 24/7 at a sampling rate of 2 kHz, over 15 consecutive days. Pilocarpine-treated animals showed interictal spikes (5.25 (±2.5) per minute) and seizures (n = 32) that appeared 7 (±0.8) days after SE. We found that CA3 was the seizure onset zone in most epileptic animals, with stronger ongoing PAC coupling between seizures than in controls (Kruskal-Wallis test: chi2 (1,36) = 46.3, Bonferroni corrected, p < 0.001). Strong PAC in CA3 occurred between the phase of slow-wave oscillations (<1 Hz) and the amplitude of faster rhythms (50–180 Hz), with the strongest bouts of high-frequency activity occurring preferentially on the ascending phase of the slow wave. We also identified that cross-frequency coupling in CA3 (rho = 0.44, p < 0.001) and subiculum (rho = 0.41, p < 0.001) was positively correlated with the daily number of seizures. Overall, our study demonstrates that cross-frequency coupling may represent a signal marker in epilepsy and suggests that this methodology could be transferred to clinical scalp MEG and EEG recordings
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Eight New Sulfur Coordination Compounds Based on Group 12 Metal Ions with Variable Structures and Extraordinary Capacity for Iodine Adsorption: Synthesis, Structural Characterizations, and Density Functional Theory Calculations
No full textEight new sulfur-based coordination compounds ranging from 0D to 2D have been designed and synthesized. These compounds were created using bidentate flexible ligands based on methimazole with varying spacers of 2, 3, or 5 methylene groups (termed L2, L3, and L5). These compounds include [ZnBr2(L3)2]n (1), [Zn2Cl2(μ2-L3)(μ-L3)2(PF6)2] (2), [Cd2(N3)2(μ2-N3)2(μ2-L3)2] (3), [CdCl2(μ-L3)] (4), [CdCl2(L2)2]n (5), [CdBr2(L2)2]n (6), [HgBr2(L2)2]n (7), and {[Hg(L5)4]}n[ClO4]n (8), where Ln = 1, n-bis(1-methyl imidazole-2-thione)alkane. In the case of 1D polymers 1, 5, 6, and 7 with bridging bidentate ligands, the halides have not contributed to the expansion of the structures. In the centrosymmetric dimeric compound 2, with terminal chlorine groups, one of the ligands bridging two Zn(II) ions, while the other two display a chelating coordination mode. In the dimeric species of 3, the Cd(II) ions are connected by two bridging azides, while the remaining coordination sites of five-coordinate metal ions are satisfied by a chelating mode of the ligand and a terminal azide group, preventing the expansion of the structure. In the monomeric structure of 4, neither the ligand nor the halides are in their bridging mode. The longer spacer length of the ligand in 8 and the use of uncoordinated ClO4- anions lead to the formation of a 2D sulfur-rich structure with hca topology. These compounds were examined for their ability to adsorb iodine in both the vapor and solution phases. The maximum iodine uptake capacity in the solution ranged from 196.72 to 801.33 mg/g, setting an incredible record for such nonporous adsorbents. The effects of azide and chlorine on the geometry, electronic structures, and iodine adsorption capacity of complexes 3 and 4 were studied by using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)/LANL2DZ level in both gas and solvent. These results were then compared with experimental data
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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