9 research outputs found
The Role of Ecological Chemistry in Pollution Research and Sustainable Development
No full textBruce W. Berdanier (with Mufeed I. Batarseh, Anwar G. Jiries, and Anf H. Ziadat) is a contributing author, Lichens (Punctilia rudecta) as Bioindicators for Air Pollution in Ohio, USA , pp. 149-156.
Book description: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on The Role of Ecological Chemistry in Pollution Research and Sustainable Development, Chisinau, Moldova, 8-11 October 2008. Series: NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security
The papers presented in this book demonstrate clearly the role of the processes defining the natural environment’s composition, structure and chemical properties adequate to the biologic value of habitation, the essential impacts of human activity and other related factors on all the environmental compartments, including water, soil and air. The research in ecological chemistry contribute to elimination of these negative impacts, and promote the rational using of natural resources, their qualified management, broader application of environmentally-friendly production technologies, thus leading to pollution reduction and sustainable development.https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/engineering-books/1003/thumbnail.jp
Evaluation of cost benefit analysis of municipal solid waste management systems
No full textThe rate of municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in developing countries is continuously growing in proportion to the gross national product. Landfilling, incineration, composting, and waste to energy (WtE) have a brief history as management strategies for MSW in India. Economic evaluation via cost benefit analysis (CBA) of MSW is establishing the most appropriate treatment/disposal strategy and it is often a major concern for solid waste management (SWM) policymakers. Thus, this study aims to analyze the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) activities in India's capital, Delhi, and the CBA of MSWM systems to identify the major problems and limitations involved. Sixty-six samples totaling 6,600 kg were collected and analyzed at random from various locations, including the sources of generation, composting plants, and disposal sites. Storage, collection, transportation, and recycling information were gathered from departments such as Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD), New Delhi Municipal Corporation (NDMC), Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), and self-surveys. The total costs of each MSW option were calculated for cost analysis. The results revealed a high organic moisture content, indicating the possibility of composting and bio-methanation, except for waste from commercial, institutional area and restaurants that can be used to develop Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). It was also revealed that only about 80% of the garbage generated in Delhi is collected. In terms of treatment and disposal, the MCD has proposed additional facilities such as disposal through sanitary landfills with linings, as well as a system for leachate collection and disposal. Furthermore, construction and demolition waste are used in the construction of various pavement components, such as base coarse, surface coarse, and so on. The total social value added by garbage trade operations in Delhi is expected to be INR 358.7 crores (approximately 46.60 million USD) between 2017 and 2020. Recycling saves the municipal budget about INR 17.6 crores (approximately 2.3 million USD per year).(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Mixing of Dead Sea and Red Sea waters and changes in their physical properties
No full text© 2020 The Author(s) Environmental science, Geochemistry, Earth sciences, Hydrology, Oceanography, Physical, Temperature, pH, Level, Dissolved oxygen, Density, Salinity and viscosity, Dead sea; Red Sea; Mixin
Increased maternal/fetal blood S100B levels following systemic endotoxin administration and periventricular white matter injury in preterm fetal sheep
No full textObjective. Intrauterine infection is suggested to cause perinatal brain white matter injury. In the current study, we evaluated whether S100B, a brain damage marker, may be also assessed in maternal bloodstream after white matter injury induced by fetal intravenous application of lypopolisaccharide (LPS) endotoxin. Methods. Fourteen fetal sheeps were chronically catheterized at a mean gestational age of 107 days. Three days after surgery, fetuses (n = 7) received 500 ng of LPS or 2 mL 0.9% saline (n = 7) intravenously (IV). Lypopolisaccharide and placebo groups were monitored by continuous hemodynamic data recordings and at 6 predetermined time points (control value; 3, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours after LPS/placebo administration) blood was drawn for laboratory parameters and S100B assessment. Brain damage was evaluated by light microscopy after Klüver-Barrera staining. Selected areas of the periventricular white matter were also examined by electron microscopy. Results. White matter injury was detected in all LPS-treated fetuses, whereas no abnormalities were seen in control animals or in LPS-treated mothers. Maternal and fetal S100B protein levels were significantly higher in the LPS group than in the control group at all monitoring time points (P <.001). The highest fetal-maternal S100B levels were observed at 3-hour time-point (P <.001). Conclusions. We found that S100B protein is increased in the maternal district in presence of fetal periventricular brain white matter injury induced by endotoxin. The present data offer additional support for S100B assessment in the maternal circulation in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine infection at risk of white matter injury. © 2009 The Author(s)
Structural, Mössbauer Effect, Magnetic, and Thermal Properties of Gadolinium Erbium Iron Garnet System Gd3−x Er x Fe5 O 12
No full textThe Structural and the Magnetic Properties of Aluminum Substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet
No full textIn this paper, Y3AlxFe5-xO12 powders with x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 were prepared via solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction, Vibrating Sample Magnetometry, and Mössbauer Spectroscopy were used to study their structural and magnetic properties. The XRD patterns of the samples show single phase structure with decreasing lattice constant when increasing Al concentration. The saturation magnetization decreases from 28.0 to 10.1 emu/g with increasing Al3+ from 0.0 to 1.0 due to the reduction of the superexchange interactions between iron ions in the a and d sublattices. Room temperature Mössbauer spectra for the samples were collected and analyzed. The hyperfine field values for octahedral and tetrahedral sites of the samples decreased with increasing Al concentration. Moreover, Mössbauer results have shown that Al3+ ions prefer to replace Fe+3 at the octahedral sites.</div
