1,720,961 research outputs found
Modélisation et évaluation d’un concept de mini data center à faible impact environnemental
No full textData centers are essential to today’s digital infrastructure, yet their environmental footprint remains a significant concern. They consume large amounts of energy, contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, and depend on finite natural resources. Additionally, their decommissioning generates electronic waste, further amplifying their ecological impact. To address these challenges, recent research has focused on improving energy efficiency and promoting eco-design. Energy efficiency strategies target hardware and software optimizations to reduce energy consumption, while eco-design integrates environmental considerations from the outset, aiming to minimize impact across the entire lifecycle, from equipment manufacturing to end-of-life. This includes reducing energy use, optimizing material consumption, and enhancing component recyclability or reuse. This thesis investigates an existing eco-design approach tailored for data centers : Genesis. The concept is built on a distributed network of "green" computing nodes that share both computational loads and energy. Each node includes a solar panel, a battery, a server, and an energy exchange system, allowing for greater autonomy and resilience. As with any renewable-powered infrastructure, accurate sizing of components (servers, solar panels, and batteries) is crucial to balance performance and cost, avoiding both overprovisioning and underprovisioning. Furthermore, Genesis must ensure continuous operation despite potential component failures. To meet these challenges, this work introduces a formal modeling framework based on timed automata, enabling rigorous analysis and optimization of resource allocation. The model supports efficient workload scheduling and strategic server renewal, helping to reduce both energy drawn from the grid and the consumption of materials required for equipment production, favoring greater use of local renewable energy. To evaluate the environmental benefits of Genesis, a comparative Life Cycle Assessment was conducted against a conventional data center design. This multi-criteria analysis focused on key environmental indicators : climate change, abiotic resource depletion, acidification, ionizing radiation, and particulate matter emissions. It also considered variables such as scalability, energy mix, and the extended lifespan of computing nodes. The findings show that Genesis substantially reduces environmental impacts across all five indicators, highlighting its potential as a foundation for more sustainable data center architectures.Les data centers occupent une place centrale dans l’infrastructure numérique moderne, mais leur empreinte environnementale demeure préoccupante. Leur fonctionnement requiert d’importantes quantités d’énergie, contribue aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre et mobilise des ressources naturelles limitées. Leur fin de vie engendre également des déchets électroniques, accentuant leur impact écologique. Pour y remédier, de nombreux travaux ont été menés ces dernières années, notamment autour de l’amélioration de l’efficacité énergétique et de l’éco-conception. Les premières approches visent à réduire la consommation des équipements par des optimisations matérielles et logicielles, tandis que l’éco-conception intègre les enjeux environnementaux dès la phase de conception, en cherchant à limiter l’impact tout au long du cycle de vie du data center, de la fabrication au démantèlement. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse s’appuie sur une approche d’éco-conception existante : Gene- sis. Cette méthode repose sur un réseau distribué de nœuds informatiques « verts » alimentés par énergie solaire. Chaque nœud intègre un panneau solaire, une batterie, un serveur et un système de partage d’énergie, permettant une mutualisation des ressources computationnelles et énergétiques. L’objectif est de concevoir des data centers sobres et résilients, capables de maintenir leur fonctionnement malgré des pannes ou des fluctuations de production énergétique. L’un des enjeux majeurs réside dans le dimensionnement optimal des ressources (serveurs, panneaux solaires, batteries), afin d’éviter à la fois le surdimensionnement coûteux et le sous-dimensionnement pénalisant. La thèse propose un cadre de modélisation basé sur les automates temporisés, permettant d’analyser et d’optimiser cette allocation de ressources de façon rigoureuse. Ce modèle intègre également des stratégies de planification des charges de travail et de renouvellement des serveurs, afin de réduire à la fois la consommation énergétique et l’usage de matériaux nécessaires à la fabrication des équipements. Pour évaluer l’impact environnemental global de l’approche Genesis, une analyse de cycle de vie multicritère a été conduite, comparant Genesis à une architecture de data center classique. L’analyse porte sur plusieurs indicateurs environnementaux : changement climatique, épuisement des ressources abiotiques, acidification, radiations ionisantes et émissions de particules. Elle examine aussi l’influence du passage à l’échelle, du mix énergétique, et de la durée de vie des équipements. Les résultats montrent une réduction significative de l’empreinte environnementale avec Genesis selon ces critères, confirmant le potentiel de cette approche pour concevoir des data centers durables
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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