1,720,974 research outputs found
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An Interactive Visualization of Florida’s Opioid Epidemic and its Determinants
No full textUtilizing data from the CDC Wonder database, this project will be an interactive ArcGIS StoryMap that uses several county-by-county choropleth maps to demonstrate the impact of the opioid crisis in Florida. Users will be able to see how overdose rates have increased from the early 2000’s to present with demographic figures relating overdoses to age, race, income, and household size. To make the StoryMap a resource for those struggling with addiction, it will also display contact information for nearby opioid rehabilitation clinics
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Mind Meets Machine: Code Behind Consciousness
No full textAs the global conversation around mental health intensifies, the demand for innovative solutions to enhance care has never been more pressing. This research project looks at what role Artificial Intelligence (AI) possibly has in mental health care and dives deeply into specific examples of AI tools such as chatbots, predictive analytics, and neural networks for early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and delivering care to uninsured populations. Apart from reviewing the available literature, the project was focused on conducting tests for evaluating the performance of AI mental health chatbots to draw firsthand conclusions regarding their efficiency, limitations, and ethical considerations
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What factors within Hispanic subpopulations drive the Latino paradox?
No full textThe Latino Paradox is an epidemiological mortality advantage. Hispanics and Hispanic Americans tend to have better health outcomes regardless of the range of challenges within health inequity they face in the United States. I will explore which factors drive the resilience of the Hispanic population and what this resilience means in the face of health inequity. Furthermore, this project will discuss a range of health outcomes that have shown significant effects of the Paradox, including heart disease and maternal mortality rates
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The Effectiveness of Intraarticular Cervical Facet Steroid Injections in the Treatment of Cervicogenic Headache: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textCervicogenic headache (CGH) can often be difficult to treat, given the overlapping clinical features of other headaches and the varying sources of pain that patients report. While imaging is not useful in diagnosing CGH, anesthetic blockade of the atlanto-occipital joint, lateral atlantoaxial joint, or specific cervical zygapophyseal joints can be used to confirm the diagnosis. When conservative treatment measures, such as physical therapy, fail, interventional techniques, such as intraarticular steroid injections, have been shown in observational studies to provide relief in some patients.To determine the efficacy of intraarticular cervical facet steroid injections in the treatment of CGH.Systematic review and meta-analysis.We conducted a comprehensive search of Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials , Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus with Full Text, Scopus, and the Web of Science platform, from inception to April 2021, for studies using intraarticular cervical facet injections to treat CGH in adults aged 18 or older. Primary outcomes included mean postinjection pain scores. Outcomes were pooled using a random effects model and reported as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Three studies with a total of 64 patients met the inclusion criteria. According to data from each of the included studies, intraarticular cervical facet injections were shown to demonstrate improvement in the mean pain score from baseline to postintervention. The overall effect size-pooled MD in the Visual Analog Scale score-was 3.299 (95% CI: 2.045 to 4.552, P < 0.001). Heterogeneity (I2) was 36.11%.Small sample size, lack of control group, and varying pain generators and interventional technique between studies contribute to the limitations of the analysis.Our findings suggest that therapeutic intraarticular cervical facet injections may be effective in the treatment of CGH. Because of the heterogeneity among the studies, these results should be interpreted with caution
Development of novel strategies for detection and treatment of cancer
Full text linkDoctor of PhilosophyDepartment of ChemistryStefan H. BossmannCancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Billions of dollars are spent to
treat cancer every year. This clearly shows the need for developing improved treatment
techniques that are affordable to every person. Early diagnosis and imaging of tumors is equally
important for the battle against this disease. This dissertation will discuss new approaches for
discovering and developing novel detection and treatment techniques for cancer using organic
ligands, and Fe/Fe3O4 core/shell magnetic nanoparticles.
A series of o-phenylenediamine derivatives with nitro-, methyl- and chloro- substituents
were synthesized and studied their ability to act as anticancer agents by using steady-state,
UV/Vis-, and fluorescence spectroscopy. In the absence of zinc(II), intercalation with DNA is
the most probable mode of interaction. Upon addition of zinc(II), DNA-surface binding of the
supramolecular aggregates was observed. The interaction of the supramolecular (-ligand-Zn2+-)n
aggregates with MDA 231 breast cancer cells led to significant cell death in the presence of
UVA at λ=313 nm displaying their potential as anticancer agents.
Bimagnetic Fe/Fe3O4 core/shell nanoparticles (MNPs) were designed for cancer targeting
after intratumoral or intravenous administration. Their inorganic center was protected by
dopamine-oligoethylene glycol ligands. TCPP (4-tetracarboxyphenyl porphyrin), a fluorescent
dye, was attached to the dopamine-oligoethylene glycol ligands. These modified nanoparticles
have the ability to selectively accumulate within the cancerous cells. They are suitable candidates
for local hyperthermia treatment. We have observed a temperature increase of 11 ºC in live mice
when subcutaneously injecting the MNPs at the cancer site and applying an alternating magnetic
field The system is also suitable for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which is a diagnostic
tool to obtain images of the tumors. Our superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have the
ability to function as T1 weighted imaging agents or positive contrasting agents. We were able to
image tumors in mice using MRI.
Various proteases are over-expressed by numerous cancer cell lines and, therefore, of
diagnostic value. Our diagnostic nanoplatforms, designed for the measurement of protease
activities in various body fluids (blood, saliva, and urine), comprise Fe/Fe3O4 core/shell
nanoparticles featuring consensus sequences, which are specific for the target protease. Linked to
the consensus sequence is a fluorescent organic dye (e.g. TCPP). Cleavage of the sequence by
the target protease can be detected as a significant increase in fluorescence occurring from
TCPP. We were able to correlate our diagnostic results with cancer prognosis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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