1,721,273 research outputs found
Linear stability of a liquid flow through a poroelastic channel
No full textA liquid flow through a channel is studied based on the Orr-Sommerfeld eigenvalue problem, where the lower wall of the channel is occupied by the saturated poroelastic medium. The linear stability analysis is investigated in detail for arbitrary value of the wavenumber. The eigenvalues are computed numerically by using the Chebyshev spectral collocation method. The effect of physical parameters, for instance, permeability, elasticity as well as their combined effect on the unstable modes are examined
Leukemia stem cells: Old concepts and new perspectives
No full textMyeloid leukemias are heterogeneous malignancies in morphology, immunophenotype, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and response to therapy. This heterogeneity is thought to depend on the accumulation of secondary mutations enhancing proliferation/survival and/or blocking differentiation in a small subset of leukemia-initiating cells capable of self-renewal. This model of clonal evolution is based on xenotransplantation studies demonstrating that leukemia can be initiated and maintained in immunodeficient mice by a small subset of purified leukemic cells immunophenotypically similar to normal hematopoietic stem cells and is known as the leukemia stem cell model. Since its original formulation, many studies have validated the main conclusion of this model. However, recent data from xenotransplantation studies in more severely immunodeficient mice suggest that imunophenotype and behavior of leukemic stem cells is more heterogeneous and "plastic" than originally thought. We will discuss here the evolution of the leukemia stem cell model and its impact for the therapy of patients with myeloid malignancies
Direct numerical simulations of turbulent flow through porous channels and ducts
No full textDirect numerical simulations of the fully developed turbulent flow through a porous channel and duct are performed based on the spectral element code Nek5000. The volume-averaged Navier-Stokes (VANS) equations are implemented in order to describe the flow in the composite medium. The numerical simulations of the VANS equations are carried out at a constant value of the bulk Reynolds number when the porosity, or equivalently, the permeability of the medium varies successively. The mean and turbulent energy budgets are computed and the effect of porosity on the secondary flow in a duct is examined
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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