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FIGURE 1. Ceropegia kumaonensis Kamal Kishor, G.S. Rawat & S.S. Samant a–c in A New Species of Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae) from Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya, India
No full textFIGURE 1. Ceropegia kumaonensis Kamal Kishor, G.S. Rawat & S.S. Samant a–c. Habit; d&e. Inflorescence and flowers; f. Follicles and seeds; g&h. Corona.Published as part of Kishor, Kamal, Rawat, Gopal S. & Samant, Sher S., 2022, A New Species of Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae) from Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya, India, pp. 85-90 in Phytotaxa 571 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.571.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/727054
Ceropegia kumaonensis Kamal Kishor, G. S. Rawat, & S. S. Samant 2022, sp. nov.
No full textCeropegia kumaonensis Kamal Kishor, G.S. Rawat & S.S. Samant sp. nov. (Figs. 1–2) Ceropegia kumaonensis sp. nov. is closely related with Ceropegia attenuatula Bruyns (2017:429) and Ceropegia parvissima Bruyns (2017:430), but differs in having fascicled cymes or umbel inflorescence, multiple drooping flowers per node, tubeless flowers with longer corolla lobes, deep purple corona, interstaminal corona regularly toothed at cupular region, inner or staminal corona covered up to half by purple fleshy mass of outer or interstaminal corona. Type: — INDIA. Western Himalaya Uttarakhand, Almora, Bhikiyasain, Ghatti, June, 2021 K . Kishor-2512 (Holotype: BSD!, Isotype: WII!) Perennial, erect tuberous herbs. Tubers sub-globose or flattened ca. 4–5 cm in diameter, resembling potato. Stems erect, unbranched or sparsely branched, 25–80 cm in height, 0.3–0.5 cm diameter; hypogeal part of the stem white, 1.5–3 cm deep, somewhat thicker and succulent; epigeal part purple to purplish green, pubescent when young, glabrescent on maturity, cylindrical, sometimes flattened towards terminal internodes; first internode short and underground, second and subsequent internodes successively longer, 8–15 cms length, terminal internodes shorter. Leaves, opposite, linear to linear-lanceolate, sessile and variable in size; basal ones small and scaly, 0.2–0.5 cm in length; upper leaves 3–10 × 0.2–0.3 cm, opposite, margins and midrib hairy and purple, upright, apex acute. Inflorescences extra axillary, sessile, fascicled cymes or umbellate with 2–20 flowers at each node. Flowers pendulous; pedicels 3–4 cm long with ca. 0.1 cm diameter, purple and hairy; sepals 5, minute, hairy, yellowish brown, fused at the base, acute, apex turned outward. Flower bud almost linear with slightly enlarged base, spirally twisted, greenish white, dark purple at maturity. Corolla as long as pedicels, 3–4 cm long, 5–lobed, lobes divided up to base, lobes at anthesis joined at tips to form ovoid cage with acute apex or reflexed, lobes slightly broader at the base, sub-cylindrical, acute to spatulate at apex, then linear, revolute, adaxially dark purple, densely hairy throughout. Corona ca 0.5 cm across, bi-seriate; staminal and interstaminal parts fused laterally to form shallow to form cup, ca. 0.5 cm across, slightly higher than gynostegium, dark purple in colour, shiny, attractive, hairy inside glabrous otherwise; staminal corona incumbent on anther sacs more than half the length of sacs, lanceolate, yellow with deep purple triangular covering by half length. Pollinia ovoid, yellow, attached to brown corpusculum by short caudicles. Follicles paired, rarely solitary, 8–12 × 0.2–0.3 cm, erect, shiny green, turning purplish on maturity, apex acute pinkish. Seeds comose, narrowly elliptic, ca. 10 × 2 mm, light brown at centre, curved, fragile; coma ca. 2.5 cm long, white. Etymology:— The specific epithet “ kumaonensis ” is given based on the location of its type locality i.e., the Kumaon region of western Himalaya to which this species is endemic. Flowering & Fruiting:— Flowering: mid April to June; fruiting May–June. Habitat & Distribution:— Ceropegia kumaonensis grows mostly in open, relatively dry habitats along the edges of Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii Sarg.) forests having clayey-gravelly to loamy soils around 1250 m above mean sea level. So far it is known only from the type locality at Ghatti village in Almora District in Kumaon region, Western Himalaya and is therefore considered to be endemic to Kumaon region. Conservation Status:— Ceropegia kumaonensis is so far known only from the type locality. About 150 individuals were located during the extensive survey of the Bhikiyasain and Bhatrojkhan blocks and other areas of Almora District. According to IUCN 2019 Red List Criteria, the species falls under the category Data Deficient (DD). Thorough surveys are required in adjacent districts of Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya) covering similar altitudes and habitats to ascertain its distribution, size of the population, area of occupance and threat status. At the present locality most of the individuals were defoliated by an unknown caterpillar and most of leaves had small white eggs. Caterpillar defoliates the plants rapidly. Impact of this caterpillar on the natural populations is unknown. Frequent forest fires and habitat degradation are other possible threats to the species. Discussion:— Ceropegia kumaonensis falls under section Tiloris Huber (1957: 33) which is characterized by short erect geophytic herbs with discoid tuber and corolla tube nearly absent, lobes free (occasionally rotate) or remaining joined at tips (Bruyns 2017:429). This new species described here bears multiple flowers in fascicled cymes or umbellate inflorescences at each node and flowers have characteristic 3-4 cm long purple coloured ciliate corolla. This character of inflorescence is not shared by any species of reflex lobed Ceropegia reported from Northern India till date. However, this feature is shared by some reflex lobed Ceropegia species of South India. The corolla lobes of this taxon morphologically resemble with C. attenuatula and C. parvissima, having similar pattern of cilia, colour and reflex lobes. But it differs from these taxa having considerably longer height of plant, long leaves, umbel inflorescences with multiple flowers per node, flowers without tube, larger petals. These species also differ in several details of their coronas. The outer corona lobes in new species are regular toothed at cupular region while they are irregularly toothed in C. attenuatula and C. parvissima. The outer and inner corona lobes of new species also show variation in colour. The outer corona lobes are with deep purple, shiny flesh which covers inner yellow corona lobes up to half of length in triangular shape. This characteristic feature of new species is not shared by any reflex lobed Ceropegia. The morphological characters of reflex lobed Himalayan Ceropegia are compared in table 1.Published as part of Kishor, Kamal, Rawat, Gopal S. & Samant, Sher S., 2022, A New Species of Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae) from Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya, India, pp. 85-90 in Phytotaxa 571 (1) on pages 86-88, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.571.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/727054
A New Species of Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae) from Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya, India
No full textKishor, Kamal, Rawat, Gopal S., Samant, Sher S. (2022): A New Species of Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae) from Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya, India. Phytotaxa 571 (1): 85-90, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.571.1.
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Data for: Modelling and Statistical Analysis of YouTube's Educational Videos: A Channel Owner's Perspective
No full textThe data contains YouTube analytics of a channel owner. It is of the format of excel and has sheets corresponding to video, geography, date, subscription status, YouTube Product, translation use, Device etc. Each of these data is in the form of a sheet in the excel file. It contains columns like Video title, Video ID, Video length (minutes), Video created, Watch time (minutes), Views, YouTube Red watch time (minutes), YouTube Red views, Average view duration (minutes),Card clicks, Cards shown, Clicks per card shown, Ad impressions, YouTube Red watch time (hours),Annotation clicks, Likes,Likes added, Likes removed, Dislikes, Dislikes added, Dislikes removed, SharesComments, Videos in playlists, Videos added to playlistsVideos removed from playlists, Subscribers, Subscribers gainedSubscribers lost Average percentage viewed, Watch time (hours).Value of the data This data could be used by the scientific community to get a lot of information about the YouTube Educational videos, their statistics and user preferences and behaviours. Acknowledgementssaurabhschool: https://www.youtube.com/user/saurabhschoolReferences https://www.youtube.com/user/saurabhschoo
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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