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MINO plus NAC prevented myelin loss.
No full text<p><b>Panel A</b>, Schematic of the regions of interest (ROIs) from a coronal section located −3.36 mm from Bregma <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0012490#pone.0012490-Paxinos1" target="_blank">[40]</a>. The ROIs were: corpus callosum (A), dorsal hippocampal commissure (B), stratum radiatum (C), fimbria (D), internal capsule (E), fornix (F), mammilothalamic tract (G). <b>Panel B</b>, Representative images of corpus callosum and dorsal hippocampal commissure stained with luxol fast blue. B1, Sham-CCI-saline; B2 CCI-saline; B3, CCI-MINO plus NAC. The scale bar corresponds to 100µm.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Measurements of rat behavior during open field, passive place avoidance and active place avoidance.
No full text<p>Rats received either sham- or moderate-CCI. Beginning one hour after surgery the rats received either saline, cyclosporine (CYCLO) simvastatin (SIM), progesterone (PROG), minocycline (MINO), n-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or MINO plus NAC. Seven days later all groups were tested on the hierarchy of three behavioral tasks. In the open field test, there was no effect of treatment on total distance traveled (F<sub>7,40</sub> = 0.40, p>0.8). In passive place avoidance, there was no effect of treatment on either average distance over 4 trials or shock zone entrances (total distance, F<sub>7,40</sub> = 0.67, p>0.6; entrances, F<sub>7,40</sub> = 0.48, p>0.8). In massed active place avoidance testing on the 6<sup>th</sup> trial of the first day, there was no effect of treatment on speed (F<sub>7,40</sub> = 0.44, p>0.8) or linearity (F<sub>7,40</sub> = 0.25, p>0.9)). The number of shocks per entrance in CCI-saline treated rats was not changed by the drugs individually or in combination (F<sub>7,40</sub> = 0.39, p>0.6). In contrast, there was a significant treatment effect with MINO or MINO plus NAC significantly improved time to first entrance (F<sub>4,35</sub> = 26.7, p<0.0001; **p<0.001, *p<0.05; post-hoc test).</p
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
MINO plus NAC synergistically improved active place avoidance during spaced training that requires 24-hour memory.
No full text<p><b>Panel A</b>, Experimental Design. Rats received moderate CCI or sham-injury. Saline or drug treatments were administered 1 hour, 1 day and 2 days after injury. Beginning 8 days after injury, rats received spaced training of active place avoidance consisting of a 20-minute trial each day for 15 days. <b>Panel B</b>, The number of entrances into the shock zone measured overall avoidance learning. <b>Panel C</b>, Time to 1st entrance into the shock zone measured learning that depended on 24-hour retention. These data suggest that long-term memory was improved by MINO plus NAC but not MINO. MINO plus NAC acted synergistically since the improvement in time to enter the shock zone occurred only with co-administration of both drugs.</p
MINO or MINO plus NAC prevented IL-1β formation when administered before moderate CCI.
No full text<p>Rats were dosed with saline, MINO, NAC or both drugs 3 hours prior to sham- or moderate CCI. The rats were sacrificed one hour after surgery; and IL-1β and tubulin levels were assayed from protein extracts prepared from hippocampus. <b>Panel A</b>, Representative Il-1β and tubulin immunoblot analysis, <b>Panel B</b>, Summary of immunoblot analysis.</p
MINO plus NAC synergistically improved active place avoidance after massed training.
No full text<p>Panel A, Rats received either CCI or sham-CCI. One hour, one or days later the sham-injured the CCI-injured rats were divided into 4 groups; one group received saline treatment. The remaining CCI-injured rats received either MINO or NAC alone, or the combination of MINO plus NAC. Saline or drug treatments were administered 1 hour, 1 day and 2 days after injury. Rats received active place avoidance training 8 and 9 days after injury. On the 8th and 9th day following CCI, the number of shock zone entrances was measured. <b>Panel B</b>, Representative tracks of rats in the sham-CCI-saline, CCI-saline or CCI-MINO plus NAC groups on the 6<sup>th</sup> trial on the first day of active avoidance training. Red lines indicate the boundaries of the shock zone and the red circles indicate the location were a rat received a shock. <b>Panel C</b>, Summary of the number of shock zone entrances over the two days of active place avoidance.</p
MINO provided a modest improvement of active place avoidance following moderate CCI.
No full text<p>The total number of entrances into the shock zone was assayed in the 6 trials of active place avoidance training.</p
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