318 research outputs found
Good Vibes: Evaluating the 'Ambiance' Elicited from Public Spaces
No full textiv, 38 p.The present study explored the impressions of general ambiance, or 'vi be', elicited from bars
and cafes. Impressions are drawn from inferences abstracted from people and their surroundings
(Gosling, Gaddis, & Vazire, 2008, p. 340-341). These inferences contain valid information about the
personalities, values, and dispositions of others. Buss (1987) has shown that people select, evoke, and
manipulate social environments. The present study supports the suggestion that people also actively
select, create, and manipulate the physical environments with which they interact (Gosling, Gaddis, &
Vazire, 2008, p. 336-337). It is predicted that public establishments elicit an 'ambiance' that is generated
by the personalities, trace behaviors, and identity claims of the patrons who frequent the location.
Furthermore, it is this 'ambiance' that allows observers to make similar impressions. The 10 location
observers who rated their impressions of the selected public establishments were undergraduate
·assistants receiving course credit for their participation. All establishments were located in the city of
Austin proper and consisted of 25 b~s and 25 cafes. Each location was randomly selected from a
comprehensive list and met the established criteria for 'bar' or 'cafe.' Planned analyses of the data
include a case 3A intraclass correlation coefficient of a mixed factonal analysis of variance (ANOVA)
of location observer scores by locations (10 x 50) for each of the descriptor items (see appendix A).Department of Social Psychology. University of Texas. Austin, Texas
Manifestations of Personality in Online Social Networks: Self-Reported Facebook-Related Behaviors and Observable Profile Information
No full textDespite the enormous popularity of Online Social Networking sites (OSNs; e.g., Facebook and Myspace), little research in psychology has been done on them. Two studies examining how personality is reflected in OSNs revealed several connections between the Big Five personality traits and self-reported Facebook-related behaviors and observable profile information. For example, extraversion predicted not only frequency of Facebook usage (Study 1), but also engagement in the site, with extraverts (vs. introverts) showing traces of higher levels of Facebook activity (Study 2). As in offline contexts, extraverts seek out virtual social engagement, which leaves behind a behavioral residue in the form of friends lists and picture postings. Results suggest that, rather than escaping from or compensating for their offline personality, OSN users appear to extend their offline personalities into the domains of OSNs.Psycholog
TOWER Academic Peformance
No full textPennebaker/Gosling project examining effects on academic achievement and effects on SES achievement gap in response to daily testin
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Science Study Break - Sherlock Holmes
No full textDr. Jim Bryant (Biology) and Dr. Sam Gosling (Psychology) illustrate the master sleuth's use of statistics and observations of personality in the BBC's Sherlock! and Granada Television's Sherlock Holmes.About Science Study Break: Pop culture and the academy collide as Science Study Break features researchers from The University of Texas at Austin discussing the science reality in books, television and film. Past presentations have examined bioterrorism and its treatment in the Fox thriller “24,” artificial intelligence gone wild in “2001: A Space Odyssey,” the comic realities of Spider-Man and epidemiological models for the proliferation of zombies.
Science Study Break takes place twice each semester and is generously supported by the University Federal Credit Union.University Federal Credit Union, Life Science LibraryUT Librarie
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Predicting accuracy in first impressions based on language use in computer-mediated communication environments
No full texttextWith the propagation of individuals' presence in various online environments from social networks (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) and dating websites (e.g., Match.com, eHarmony.com) to personal blogs (e.g., WordPress.com) and employment websites (e.g., linkedIn.com), the need to understand online social dynamics has grown. In many cases, people are experiencing introductions online rather than in-person. In the absence of non-verbal information, one potentially important source of information available in virtual environments and communication is in the way people use language. With the development of computerized word count tools, it has become increasingly feasible to analyze large samples of text-based stimuli (e.g., Ireland, et al., 2011; Mehl, Gosling, & Pennebaker, 2006; Pennebaker, Mehl, & Niederhoffer, 2003; Tausczik & Pennebaker, 2010). These analyses have been able to reliably reveal a number of traits (e.g., Big Five, gender) and states (e.g., depression) about the authors of the texts. In a study of approximately 500 dyads, participants were asked to spend 10 minutes in an online chat room getting to know an individual for whom they were unacquainted. Participants then rated one another on a number of personality and individual difference traits. Analyses focused on sample-level, pair-level, and trait-level self-other agreement within the sample. Additionally, linguistic mediators of the self-other agreement were investigated. A Brunswick Lens Model was employed in order to interpret the relationship between linguistic cues and overall judgmental accuracy. Results revealed that self-other agreement in the online chat environment was achieved slightly above chance. Traits that were perceived accurately included Extraversion, Political Liberalism, and Tradition. Results also revealed that there were a number of valid linguistic markers to predicting accurate personality judgment. These cues, however, were rarely utilized to achieve accuracy. Also, counter to hypotheses, linguistic style matching (or the degree to which individuals were mimicking each other linguistically) was not predictive of self-other agreement. It was, however, significantly related to interaction quality. Taken together, the findings revealed that computer-mediated environments are a valid context for forming impressions. However, valid cues are either not available or not detected by perceivers. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed as well as areas for future research.Psycholog
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Expression of personality and relationship quality in couples' homes
No full texttextIndividuals use their physical environments (e.g., dorm rooms, offices) to broadcast information about themselves, influence their thoughts and feelings, and they unintentionally leave discernable traces of their daily behaviors (Gosling, Ko, Mannarelli, & Morris, 2002). As a result, a lot can be learned about an individual simply by looking at the spaces he or she inhabits. The previous work on this topic has focused on spaces occupied by individuals (Gosling et al., 2002). However, in many instances (e.g., work, home, and public life) people share environments, raising the question of what can be learned about individuals from their shared spaces? The present study examined the shared home environments (living rooms) of 98 heterosexual cohabitating romantic couples. Participants independently completed self-reports of personality, couple personality (i.e., the collective personality of the participant and his or her romantic partner), values, and relationship commitment and satisfaction. Observers independently rated each member of the couple's personality, values, and relationship characteristics, as well as the couple's "couple personality" based solely on photographs of the couples' living rooms. These observations were compared with the couples' self-reported characteristics and the specific environmental features of the spaces. Analyses revealed generally strong inter-observer agreement for most characteristics and in some cases (e.g., perceptions of male Agreeableness, female and couple Conscientiousness, and male, female, and couple Openness) these observer impressions were also accurate. Results also suggested that observers relied on specific environmental cues (e.g., how colorful or organized a room was) to form these impressions and sometimes these cues were valid.Psycholog
Parental behaviour and family proximity as key to gosling survival in Greylag Geese (Anser anser)
No full textReproductive success in monogamous species is generally affected by both behavioural and hormonal fine-tuning between pair partners. Vigilance, defence and brooding of offspring are among the main parental investments, and often the sexes adopt different roles. In the present study, we investigate how sex differences in parental behaviour and family proximity in the socially monogamous Greylag Goose (Anser anser) affect gosling survival. During the reproductive season in spring 2013, we recorded the behaviour of 18 pairs with offspring and gosling survival in a semi-tame, long-term monitored, and individually marked flock of Greylag Geese in Grünau, Austria. We found that behavioural role differentiation between the parents varied with developmental phase, and thus with gosling age. Especially during the first 10 days after hatching, females were foraging more frequently than males, which were more vigilant and aggressive towards other flock members. Such differences between the sexes levelled out 20 to 30 days after hatching. In general, females stayed in closer proximity to their offspring than males. Gosling survival was high when the parents were relatively aggressive and emphasized vigilance rather than foraging behaviour. Hence, we show a direct link between pair partners’ quality of parental investment and gosling survival.© The Author(s) 201
Snoop what your stuff says about you
No full textA provocative look at how our private spaces--from boardroom to bedroom--reveal our personalities. For ten years psychologist Sam Gosling has been studying how people project (and protect) their inner selves. By exploring our private worlds (desks, bedrooms, even our clothes and our cars), he shows not only how we showcase our personalities in unexpected--and unplanned--ways, but also how we create personality in the first place, communicate it others, and interpret the world around us. When it comes to the most essential components of our personalities--from friendliness to flexibility--the things we own and the way we arrange them often say more about us than even our most intimate conversations. If you know what to look for, you can figure out how reliable a new boyfriend is by peeking into his medicine cabinet, or whether an employee is committed to her job by analyzing her cubicle.--From publisher description
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