372 research outputs found
PREDICTION OF INDOOR TEMPERATURE IN A GREENHOUSE: SIIRT SAMPLE
No full textGreenhouses are agricultural structures which allow indoor conditions to be controlled. Food demand is increasing as the population increases. Therefore, creating new areas for food production and making perpetual agricultural production without interruption is a key-stone necessity to meet
demands. Increasing the crop production could only be possible with constant cultivation period. Green-
houses are the capital ships of feeding the population and fighting poverty. Due to the climate
changes and increasing population, greenhouses will gain more and more significance in the years to
come. However, greenhouses will cause harms instead of benefits if they are applied in wrong
climatic conditions. In this study, in a greenhouse having floor area of 11220 m2, indoor and outdoor
temperatures are quantified for two years, after modelling and simulating the energy efficiency,
indoor temperature values are estimated by artificial neural networks. This study shows that artificial
neural networks could accurately estimate the indoor temperature of greenhouses and relative hu-
midity 6 hours in advance, and the temperature could be estimated 3 days in advance
24 Tümöre Benzeyen Spina İliaka Anterior Superior Avulsiyon Kırığı Vakası: Olgu Sunumu
No full textYalçın, Mehmet Burak (Arel Author)Spina iliaka anterior superior avulsiyon kırıkları nadirdir ve genellikle adölesan dönemde görülür. Avulsiyon kırıklarına çoğunlukla kırık hematomu, kırık sonrası osteoliz ve kallus oluşumu eşlik eder. Radyolojik incelemede bu tablo Ewing sarkomu yada osteosarkom gibi malign bir süreçle karıştırılabilir. Tedavisi genellikle konservatiftir, ancak ciddi deplasman olduğunda cerrahi tedavi uygulanır
Comparing the trajectory accuracy of pedicle screws placed with a free-hand technique and a three-dimensional computed tomography-assisted navigation system in spine surgery: A retrospective study
No full textObjective: We evaluated a free-hand technique and a three-di-mensional computerized tomography (3D-CT)-assisted naviga-tion technique, which are pedicle screw placement techniques used in spinal surgery, regarding screw placement and reliability.Material and Method: A total of 1664 screws in 73 patients with spinal deformities who underwent spinal instrumentation using pedicle screws were evaluated in this study. Forty patients were in the free-hand technique group, and 33 patients were in the 3D-CT-assisted navigation technique group. The placement and reliability of pedicle screws in all patients were evaluated using the Gertzbein-Robbins classification using CT images taken in the postoperative period.Result: There were no significant differences found regarding age, body mass index (BMI), sex (female or male), or deformity (scoliosis or kyphosis) (p>0.05). When the pedicle screws were evaluated in terms of transverse penetration, the 3D-CT-assisted navigation technique was determined Grade A (89.6%), as was the free-hand technique (76.5%), but the 3D-CT-assisted navi-gation technique was statistically more reliable (p<0.001). When the pedicle screws were evaluated in terms of anterior penetra-tion, both the 3D-CT-assisted navigation technique (92.5%) and the free-hand technique (82.9%) were determined Grade A, but the 3D-CT-assisted navigation technique was statistically more reliable (p<0.001).Conclusion: According to our studys results, the 3D-CT-assist-ed navigation technique is more reliable than the free-hand technique in surgeries involving spine deformities for pedicle screw insertion
Sevim Burak Edebiyatı’nda “Kültürel Özne” ve “Öteki” Kavramının Tezahürlerinin İncelenmesi ve Bir Örnek Eserde Reji Uygulaması
No full textIn this art study report, the colourful world of Sevim Burak, one of the notable figures of
the Republican Period of Turkish Literature between 1950-1970 with her individual stories
with social background and innovative art perspective, has been mirrored, and the play
“İşte Baş İşte Gövde İşte Kanatlar” was chosen for the stage application. The way we draw
on ourselves through this study has been to follow the apparent manifestations of the
concept "other" and the culturalization of subject in Burak's implicit narration. The
unheard voices of the excluded, alienated characters in Burak`s texts are become visible
and felt in her works by breaking and fracturing of the language. Burak, who has produced
such works in which fact cannot be distinguished from dream, time and space are
obscured, and future and past are intertwined, criticizes the order in which she lives and
represents the "other" through her works. Considering the characteristics of Burak's art in
all this essence and form, we can say that understanding the language created by the author
with a free flow of consciousness is only possible through analysing the cultural metaphors
she uses in her plays and evaluating all of her works together which are reflections of her
own life. Throughout the course of our study, we aimed to bring the ignored voice of the
“other” out into the open through the author's extraordinary language and to reflect this
visibility into our performance. We have tried to analyse the author` s world which does
not reveal itself easily, working on the play “İşte Baş İşte Gövde İşte Kanatlar”, which is
the focus of our art study report, both theoretically and practically. The psychoanalytic
approach that we have adopted as a starting point in this way has helped us to find our way
through every time we are lost and supported our creativity in terms of both essence and
form.Bu sanat çalışması raporunda, yazdığı toplumsal arka planlı bireysel öyküleriyle ve
yenilikçi sanat anlayışıyla 1950-1970 yılları arasında Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk
Edebiyatı’nın dikkat çeken isimlerinden biri olan Sevim Burak’ın renkli dünyasına ayna
tutulmuş, “İşte Baş İşte Gövde İşte Kanatlar” adlı oyunu seçilerek reji uygulaması
yapılmıştır. Bu inceleme boyunca kendimize çizdiğimiz yol ise “kültürel özne” ve “öteki”
kavramlarının Burak’ın örtük anlatımında kendini gösteren tezahürlerini takip etmek
olmuştur. Burak’ın metinlerinde yer alan dışlanmış, ötekileşmiş karakterlerin duyulmayan
sesleri, dilin kırılmasıyla, parçalanmasıyla eserlerinde görünürleşip hissedilmektedir.
Gerçeğin düşten ayırt edilemediği, zaman ve uzamın belirsizleştiği, geçmiş ve geleceğin iç
içe geçtiği eserler ortaya koyan Burak, yaşadığı düzeni böyle eleştirmiş ve ortaya çıkardığı
yapıtlarla “öteki”nin temsili olmuştur. Burak’ın sanatının tüm bu öze ve biçime ilişkin
özellikleri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda şunu söyleyebiliriz ki yazarın serbest bir bilinç
akışıyla meydana getirdiği dili anlamak, oyunlarında kullandığı kültürel metaforları
çözümlemekten ve kendi yaşamının yansımaları olan eserlerinin tümünü birlikte
değerlendirmekten geçer. Biz de çalışmamız boyunca yazarın sıra dışı dili aracılığıyla
“öteki”nin görmezden gelinen sesini açığa çıkarmayı ve bu görünürlüğü reji uygulamamıza
yansıtmayı hedefledik. Sanat çalışması raporumuzun odak noktasını oluşturan “İşte Baş
İşte Gövde İşte Kanatlar” oyununun hem teorik, hem de uygulamalı çalışmasını yaparak,
yazarın kendini kolay kolay ele vermeyen dünyasını çözümlemeye çalıştık. Bu yolda
hareket noktası olarak benimsediğimiz psikanalitik yaklaşım ise bize her
kaybolduğumuzda yolumuzu buldurmuş, hem öz hem de biçim anlamında yaratıcılığımızı
desteklemiştir
Construction properties of glass and plastic covered greenhouses in mediterranean region.
No full textTEZ9693Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2012.Kaynakça (s. 103-110) var.xiv, 120 s. : res., tablo ; 29 cm.Bu çalışma, Akdeniz Bölgesinde cam ve plastik örtülü seraların yapısal yönden mevcut durumlarının, sorunlarının ve konstrüksiyon özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada araştırma materyali olarak, Adana, Mersin ve Antalya illerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan sera tipleri seçilmiştir. Araştırma yöresinde seracılık yapan işletmelerin sera büyüklükleri, tipleri ve örtü malzemeleriyle ilgili bilgiler istatistiksel verilerden ve Tarım İl ve İlçe Müdürlüklerinde görevli teknik elemanlardan, incelenecek işletmelerin sayısı ise, gayeli örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırma alanında çoğunlukla kullanılan sera tiplerinden üçü (beşik, venlo, gotik) seçilmiştir. Günümüzde, sera projelerinin, daha kısa sürelerde çözümlenebilmesi, daha sağlam inşa edilebilmesi ve aynı zamanda ekonomik olmaları için bilgisayar programlarından yararlanılmaktadır. Çalışmada, seçilen üç sera tipi SAP2000 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler ile seçilen seraların mevcut durumu karşılaştırılmış, yapılan karşılaştırmalar sonucunda, incelenen seralarda kullanılan malzeme miktarları ile SAP2000 programı ile yapılan analiz sonucu ulaşılan malzeme miktarları arasında önemli bir farklılık olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ancak, taşıyıcı sistemlerin kesitlerinin saptanmasında hatalı davranıldığı, bu nedenle seraların güvenliğinin tehlikeye düştüğü gözlenmiştir. Ulaşılan bu bilgilerden yola çıkılarak, bölgede yaygın olarak kullanılan çelik konstrüksiyonlu, yay ve beşik çatılı, plastik ve cam örtülü seraların yapısal ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilecek, bölge koşullarına uygun ekonomik sera modelleri, AutoCAD 2007 çizim programından yararlanılarak hazırlanmış ve sera üreticilerine konuya yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.In this study, glass and plastic covered greenhouses in the Mediterranean Region, were investigated with respect to the structural aspect, the present status, problems, and construction properties. Various types of greenhouses widely used in Adana, Mersin and Antalya selected as study material. Information and statistical data about the greenhouse enterprices regarding cover materials, types and size were obtained from the Agricultural Provincial Directorates and their technical staff and purposeful sampling method was utilized to determine the number of enterprices evaluated. Three types of widely used greenhouses in the research area namely (crib, venlo, gothic) were selected. Computer models have been used for desing of greenhouses in a short time and also for robust construction in an economical way. Studies, the type of the selected three greenhouses were analyzed with SAP2000. The data obtained were compared with the current state of selected greenhouses, as a result of the comparisons examined, with the quantity of material used in greenhouses can be reached as a result of the analysis with SAP2000, there were no significant difference between the quantity of material required. Howewer, desing deficiencies were detected in trust cross sections of the greenhouses inspected, therefore, the stability problem may arise in these systems. Using the information gathered from this study, and employing AutoCAD 2007 desing program, suitable and ecomical greenhouse types widely used in the area were desingned for steel construction, spring and barrel-roofed, plastic and glass covered grenhouses fullfilling the structural requirements of the greenhouses in the region and suggestions were made for greenhouses producers.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: ZF2009D6
Structural Analysis Example of Steel Construction Greenhouses
No full textThe greenhouse is an agricultural structure which provides the necessary growth factors for plant production and enables the mechanization of the crops. Greenhouse cultivation is one of the most important income generating branches of agriculture. Nowadays, computer software’s are used for anything as it is being used for planning greenhouses, more robust construction and economical results are obtained this way. Business owners, investing their money in greenhouses, are copying the structural features of existing greenhouses with all wrong calculated parameters and errors. Leaving their valuable cash and future of their investment in the hands of an iron-smith. As a result, the greenhouses which are built without static and strength calculations, more materials are used, or insecure constructions are being applied. When an economic loss occurs depending on structural damage, it will unavoidably lead to economic losses for farmers and implicitly for the country. This study, emphasizes the structural Analysis of a one-span glass covered gable-roofed greenhouse, having an area of 720 m2 located in Antalya province. Structural analysis of the greenhouse was made with SAP2000 program. Mechanical properties of steel used in gable roofs, glass covered greenhouse's, theoretical load calculations are made depending on the TS 498 and TS EN 13031-1 Turkish standards. Variable loads on the greenhouse are calculated as distributed loads with classical methods by analyzing the gable-roofed glass-covered greenhouse according to load combinations (wind, plant, fixed) with SAP2000 program. Also, although there is not a big difference in terms of cost, greenhouse security is endangered as the required cross-section element is not used. With an optimized area of 720 m2, the greenhouse saves 2.736 kg of building material. An average of 11.8% of the building materials can be saved in 1 decare area. Considering the same load conditions; the use of SAP2000 analysis reduces the cost, and there is no change in strength
Manure from livestock farming in the euphrates basin and its potential environmental impact on water resources
No full textFood of animal origin derived from livestock farming establishments is necessary to meet the needs of human beings. The wastes generated during the production stages of cattle breeding (manure, ground covers, etc.) create a danger to the environment and water resources when they are released to the environment randomly. Therefore, the waste generated by livestock farming establishments should be stored in a controlled manner and should not cause environmental pollution. The research was carried out in the Euphrates basin and covered four provinces (Adiyaman, Sanliurfa, Gaziantep, and Kilis) and 35 districts. In the context of this study, the number of the cattle bred in the establishments in 328 villages which are at least 150 m and at the most 5 km distance to the flow path of the Euphrates was taken into consideration. In the study, Erdas Imagine 9.3 and ArcMAP 10.0 software were used; the number of the cattle and the distance to the rivers were evaluated as a layer. The subject of the study was the investigation of the potential pollution effects of the cattle breeding on the Euphrates River and its tributaries, and it was carried out to determine risky, non-risky and partially risky areas and attract attention to this issue. As a result, it was concluded that 4 districts and villages of Sanliurfa Region would be classified as risky areas, 3 districts and villages of Gaziantep Region would be classified as partially-risky areas, and 3 districts and villages of Adiyaman Region and all districts and villages of Kilis Region would be classified as non-risky areas
ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF GREENHOUSE TOMATO PRODUCTION IN TURKEY: A CASE OF SİİRT PROVINCE
No full textGreenhouse cultivation is one of the most important income generating branches of agricul-ture. The aim of this study is to do an analyze on energy efficiency of greenhouse tomato produc-tion in the season of 2018 in Siirt province and its sub-districts of Turkey. The energy input and output in greenhouse tomato production has been calculated as 104915.10 MJ ha-1 and 128000 MJ ha-1, respectively. Energy inputs consist of 33.39% (35030 MJ ha-1) chemical fertilizer energy, 19.24% (20184.08 MJ ha-1) human labor energy, 12.81% (13440 MJ ha-1) irrigation energy, 10.20% (10698.90 MJ ha-1) diesel fuel energy, 7.63% (80002.80 MJ ha-1) machinery energy, 6.75% (7084 MJ ha-1) chemi-cals energy, 1.41% (1475.20 MJ ha-1) transpor-tation energy and 0.01% (0.10 MJ ha-1) seed energy. Energy efficiency, specific energy, ener-gy productivity and net energy in greenhouse tomato production has been computed as 1.22, 0.66 MJ kg-1, 1.53 kg MJ-1 and 23084.92 MJ ha-1, respectively
Determination of Greenhouse Potential in Siirt Province and Districts by Using GIS and Recommendations to Producers
No full textThe main source of income is livestock, and the most cultivated plant is pistachio (Pistacia vera) for agricultural purposes in Siirt and districts. Dry agriculture is practiced due to lackness of water sources and rainfall in the province. This limits the possibilities of generating income. The province is not sufficient in terms of agricultural production and migration from rural to other provinces is seen as a big social problem. In order to prevent this problem, agricultural supports have been increased and projects have been supported by government. However, greenhouse cultivation has not been adopted well enough in the region due to the fact that the climatic conditions are not perfectly suitable and the appropriate locations are not selected in the projects. In this study, appropriate location analyzes for greenhouses (climate and topography) were mapped with the geographical information system. In this way, it is aimed to increase the existing potential of the greenhouses of the province. An analysis was performed on open source QuantumGIS software during the study. The bioclimatic raster data set containing the climate data for the are were obtained from the World climate database. These sets, which contain temperature and precipitation data, are resolution 30 arc-seconds 1 km2. After the formation of raster maps containing temperature and rainfall values for the region, the climatic data are separated into three categories as suitable, partly suitable and unsuitable classes. In order to determine suitable areas, climate and structural features required for the greenhouse were obtained from the literature and the raster analysis was made. According to the results of the study, City center, Kurtalan, and Baykan were considered partially suitable for greenhouse cultivation and other districts were not suitable. However, due to the snow and wind loads that may occur in these districts, It has been found that greenhouses need to be constructed with structurally reinforced profiles and alternative energy sources are necessary for heating greenhouses. With the maps created by QuantumGIS, the areas that are currently being used for greenhouses are overlapping with results. In addition, according to the results of this study, structural and practical recommendations were made for the producers in the region
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