1,720,970 research outputs found
Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine and glimepiride in subjects with Type 2 diabetes before, during and after the period of fasting in Ramadan
No full textAims To determine the safety and efficacy of insulin glargine and glimepiride in patients with Type 2 diabetes before and after Ramadan and during fasting for Ramadan. Methods In this open, descriptive, multi-centre, prospective study, insulin-naïve (n = 100) or previously insulin-treated (n = 249) patients with Type 2 diabetes received insulin glargine [titrated from 10 U daily according to fasting blood glucose (FBG)] and glimepiride (4 mg daily). The number and type of hypoglycaemic episodes and glycaemic control were assessed before, during and after Ramadan. Bivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors which predicted hypoglycaemia during Ramadan. Results Only one episode of severe hypoglycaemia occurred in each time period before, during and after Ramadan. Mild hypoglycaemic episodes increased from 156 pre-Ramadan to 346 during Ramadan (P 0.001) and decreased to 153 post-Ramadan (P = 0.0002).The increase during Ramadan was mainly attributed to increased symptomatic hypoglycaemic episodes. FBG and glycated haemoglobin improved during the titration period and did not change during the rest of the study. Risk of hypoglycaemic events during Ramadan was higher in countries where fasting is strict [odds ratio (OR) 3.69 (2.06-6.63), P 0.0001]. Lower weight [ 70.0 kg; OR 2.56 (1.46-4.48), P = 0.001] and waist circumference [ 90 cm; OR 3.06 (1.62-5.78), P = 0.001] increased the risk of hypoglycaemia during Ramadan whilst FBG 6.7 mmol-l [OR 0.3 (0.17-0.54), P 0.0001] had a protective effect. Conclusions Combination of insulin glargine and glimepiride may be used during Ramadan in patients with Type 2 diabetes who wish to fast, provided glimepiride is given at the time of breaking the fast and insulin glargine titrated to provide FBG 6.7 mmol-l. © 2009 Diabetes UK.Akram J, 1999, DIABETIC MED, V16, P861; Al-Arouj M, 2005, DIABETES CARE, V28, P2305, DOI 10.2337-diacare.28.9.2305; Mafauzy M, 1990, Med J Malaysia, V45, P14; Anwar A, 2006, Med J Malaysia, V61, P28; Bolli GB, 2002, INT J CLIN PRACT, P65; Cesur M, 2007, DIABETES RES CLIN PR, V75, P141, DOI 10.1016-j.diabres.2006.05.012; Chandalia HB, 1987, PRACTICAL DIABETES, V4, P287, DOI 10.1002-pdi.1960040610; Duckworth W, 2009, NEW ENGL J MED, V360, P129, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa0808431; Gerstein HC, 2008, NEW ENGL J MED, V358, P2545; ISMAIL MMA, 2003, DIABETES RES CLIN PR, V50, P71; Kadiri A, 2001, DIABETES METAB, V27, P482; Kassem HS, 2005, J ENDOCRINOL INVEST, V28, P802; Kodiri A, 1998, PRACT DIABET S1, V15, pS5, DOI DOI 10.1002-PDI.1960150906; LAAJAM MA, 1990, E AFR MED J, V67, P732; Mafauzy M, 2002, DIABETES RES CLIN PR, V58, P45, DOI 10.1016-S0168-8227(02)00104-3; Mattoo V, 2003, DIABETES RES CLIN PR, V59, P137, DOI 10.1016-S0168-8227(02)00202-4; Mucha GT, 2004, DIABETES CARE, V27, P1209, DOI 10.2337-diacare.27.5.1209; Riddle MC, 2003, DIABETES CARE, V26, P3080, DOI 10.2337-diacare.26.11.3080; Salti I, 2004, DIABETES CARE, V27, P2306, DOI 10.2337-diacare.27.10.2306; Skyler JS, 2009, CIRCULATION, V119, P351, DOI 10.1161-CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191305; Uysal AR, 1998, DIABETES CARE, V21, P2033, DOI 10.2337-diacare.21.11.2033; Wild S, 2004, DIABETES CARE, V27, P1047, DOI 10.2337-diacare.27.5.104724
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Subacute thyroiditis: Fine-needle aspiration cytology of 14 cases presenting with thyroid nodules
No full textSubacute thyroiditis (SAT) is usually diagnosed clinically without the need for fine-needle aspiration. The cytologic literature on this condition is therefore rare. We report on 14 cases of SAT presenting with thyroid nodules. The majority of patients were women with a mean age of 46 yr. All had pain-tenderness in the thyroid area accompanied by fever or an elevated ESR. The salient cytologic features included cellular smears; multi-nucleated giant cells in 100percent of cases, some ingesting colloid or neutrophils; fibrous fragments with enmeshed inflammatory cells were a constant feature; follicular cells were scant to absent in most cases. Granulomas were rare. Colloid, when present was thick, with central cracks and frayed edges. One case was suspicious for malignancy. We conclude that the cytologic features of SAT are predictable, particularly, in the appropriate clinical setting. FNA is also helpful in ruling out concomitant neoplastic conditions. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Coup A, 1997, CYTOPATHOLOGY, V8, P218; DAVIDSON HG, 1991, COMPREHENSIVE CYTOPA, P650; de Pauw B E, 1975, Neth J Med, V18, P70; EYLAN E, 1957, LANCET, V1, P1063; GREENE JN, 1971, AM J MED, V51, P97, DOI 10.1016-0002-9343(71)90327-5; GUARDA LA, 1987, AM J CLIN PATHOL, V87, P14; HAZARD JB, 1955, AM J CLIN PATHOL, V25, P289; JAYARAM G, 1987, ACTA CYTOL, V31, P687; KLINE TS, 1981, HDB FINE NEEDLE ASPI; KOSS LG, 1984, ASPIRATION BIOPSY CY; LARSEN PR, 1974, METABOLISM, V23, P467, DOI 10.1016-0026-0495(74)90094-8; LINDSAY S, 1954, SURG GYNECOL OBSTET, V98, P197; LIVOLSI VA, 1990, SURGICAL PATHOLOGY T, P367; Lu CP, 1997, ACTA CYTOL, V41, P238; MARTINO E, 1987, J ENDOCRINOL INVEST, V10, P321; MEACHIM G, 1963, J CLIN PATHOL, V16, P189, DOI 10.1136-jcp.16.3.189; OFNER C, 1994, CYTOPATHOLOGY, V5, P33, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-2303.1994.tb00125.x; PERSSON PS, 1968, ACTA MED SCAND S, V483, P8; Shabb NS, 1999, DIAGN CYTOPATHOL, V21, P307, DOI 10.1002-(SICI)1097-0339(199911)21:5307::AID-DC23.0.CO;2-1; SOLANO JG, 1997, DIAGN CYTOPATHOL, V3, P214; SWANN NH, 1964, METABOLISM, V13, P908, DOI 10.1016-0026-0495(64)90080-0; VOLPE R, 1978, HUM PATHOL, V9, P429, DOI 10.1016-S0046-8177(78)80028-8; VOLPE R, 1979, CLIN ENDOCRINOL META, V8, P81, DOI 10.1016-S0300-595X(79)80011-0; WOOLF PD, 1985, MED CLIN N AM, V69, P1035; WOOLNER LB, 1957, J CLIN ENDOCR METAB, V17, P120212131
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors induced thyroid dysfunction: A review of its incidence, pathophysiology, clinical relevance, and treatment
No full textTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) belong to a new class of molecular multitargeted anticancer therapy which targets different growth factor receptors and hence attenuates cancer cell survival and growth. Since their introduction as adjunct treatment for renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), a number of reports have demonstrated that TKI can induce thyroid dysfunction which was especially more common with sunitinib maleate. Many mechanisms with respect to this adverse effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been proposed including their induction of thyroiditis, capillary regression in the thyroid gland, antithyroid peroxidase antibody production, and their ability to decrease iodine uptake by the thyroid gland. Of interest is the observation that TKI-induced thyroid dysfunction may actually be protective as it was shown to improve overall survival, and it was suggested that it may have a prognostic value. Followup on thyroid function tests while patients are maintained on tyrosine kinase inhibitor is strongly recommended. 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koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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