1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Samarbejde på tværs af verdener:Grænseobjekter som indgangsvinkel til arbejde, infrastrukturer, standardisering og marginalisering
No full textVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Infrastructure after welfare:communal infrastructure and the problem of (digital) monopolisation
No full textFrom incentives to instructions:Climate policy mechanisms on heat pumps, datacentres, district heating, and epistemic collisions hindering decarbonisation in practice
No full textA key mechanism of contemporary climate policy is to stimulate economic competition in technology markets to ensure more efficient energy use. But, what are the consequences of such incentive-based mechanisms for achieving decarbonisation in practice? I focus on heat pumps, both large and small, that are installed in households to replace oil and gas boilers and within district heating systems to use industries’ excess heat. In this study, from Big Tech datacentres. This is to examine whether climate policy is successfully translated into practice. Based on ethnography with public utility engineers of district heating in Odense, Denmark, complemented with document analysis of policy text, I chart three epistemic arrangements in decarbonisation work with attention to energy conservation, economic competition, and infrastructural connections. The epistemic practice of energy conservation is marginalised as competition mechanisms dominate climate policy instruments. The engineers’ efforts to comply and resist during infrastructural connection-making, in turn, showcase the limited mobilization of policy mechanisms that instruct decarbonisation as a contrast to policy mechanisms that try to incentivize decarbonisation. Learnings on how to best mobilise epistemic practices necessarily will have to go both ways between knowledge traditions on thermodynamics and market dynamics. Ultimately, hyperscale energy consumers such as Big Tech are configured as key agents to successful decarbonisation rather than energy conserving agents that, as utilities, are targets of climate policy. These findings challenge assumptions on whether policy mechanisms are constructed to effectively limit climate change and it suggests knowledge inclusions to increase decarbonisation via critical energy conservation efforts
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Industrial Excess and the Reproduction of Power:Encountering the Work of Heating a Danish City with Facebook Data
No full textThis PhD thesis in Science and Technology Studies (STS) explores effects of the digital economy through ethnographic fieldwork in Odense, Denmark, on the emerging connections between energy and data storage. The thesis is overall drawn together in the study of how energy production is connected to the reproduction of the digital economy. It shows the need for detailed insights into how utility workers carry the heavy load of decarbonising energy and industrial energy consumption.The three vectors of the connection are: 1) infrastructures of public heating and data storage; 2) the political constellation co-constituted with Facebook’s entry into Odense; and 3) the epistemic meetings in the engineering practice. The first article shows how the excess air emitted from the Facebook datacenter in Odense is in vernacular terms ‘industrial excess’. The enrolment of the heating utility to datacenter exemplifies the different boundaries of production and consumption of late industrialism. These relations need reconceptualization to account for how the energy production of utilities and commodity production of industries are not equally industrial and therefore have different effects on escalating climate change. The second article unfolds how Facebook managed to cement itself in the city of Odense. This analysis takes the approach that the platform is the most prominent ‘layer’ of the digital economy, where the platform is akin to the visible tip of the iceberg. Yet, it argues that the visible platform obscures the political relations of reciprocity between the technology company and politicians that exchange land, energy, and autonomy to receive (unfulfilled) promises of economic rewards for the welfare state.The final article documents how public sector engineers connect large heat pumps to the excess air generated by the datacenter, while simultaneously contending with market pressures from small, individual, private heat pumps driven by climate policy. The engineers employ the law of energy conservation in thermodynamics to decarbonise energy but is interrupted with the economic competition as a law to market dynamics. In doing so, the engineers’ insistence on the monopoly of public, nonprofitable heating provides a lesson for dealing with the monopoly of tech companies.The thesis concludes that the power to share energy between public and private actors is enabled by an existing infrastructure around district heating as well as ongoing utility work. Ethnographic utility studies as exemplified with the thesis helps us better understand how politics in the age of the digital economy are incremental and exposed to economic interruptions. Conceptualisations of the distinction between public and private actors have with the study shown to be inadequate for grasping the power at play in efforts to decarbonise energy and require to be reconceptualised in the realm of differences between shared and industrial infrastructures. The maintenance of critical infrastructure within planetary boundaries therefore hinges on the extension of the shared, non-profitable, local ownership and responsibility forms of district heating onto other infrastructures as well as practical intervention into the proportions of industrial production
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
