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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The effect of Satureja montana L. essential oil and thymol on pyocyanin synthesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
No full textPseudomonas aeruginosa ubikvitaran je oportunistički patogen te jedan od najznačajnijih uzročnika bolničkih infekcija. Posjeduje velik broj faktora virulencije između kojih se ističe plavo-zeleni pigment piocijanin koji djeluje proupalno, dovodi do stvaranja slobodnih radikala i oksidativnog stresa te potiče stvaranje biofilma i apoptozu neutrofila. Zbog velike stope morbiditeta i mortaliteta te sve veće antibičke rezistencije uključen je u kategoriju kritičnih bakterijskih patogena za koju je nužno potrebno istraživanje i razvoj novih oblika terapije. Eterična ulja su još iz davnina poznata za svoja antimikrobna svojstva, a eterično ulje biljne vrste Satureja montana L. pokazalo je iznimno antibakterijsko djelovanje te je stoga u ovom radu ispitivan utjecaj eteričnog ulja satureje i njezine glavne monoterpenske sastavnice timola u koncentracijama 0,5 mg/mL, zasebno i u kombinaciji s aminoglikozidnim antibiotikom tobramicinom u koncentraciji 0,5 mg/L , na rast i stvaranje piocijanina bakterijskog soja P. aeruginosa PAO1. Ispitivanje utjecaja na rast bakterijske kulture provedeno je mjerenjem optičke gustoće na 600 nm dok je učinak na proizvodnju piocijanina određen mjerenjem apsorbancije ekstrahiranog piocijanina na 520 nm te normaliziranjem vrijednosti na broj bakterijskih stanica. Rezultati su pokazali da eterično ulje satureje i timol pokazuju inhibitorni učinak na rast bakterijskih stanica P. aeruginosa te sinergistički djeluju na smanjenje rasta u kombinaciji s tobramicinom. S druge strane, timol nije pokazao značajan utjecaj na stvaranje pigmenta piocijanina dok je u prisustvu eteričnog ulja satureje došlo do povećanog stvaranja pigmenta u odnosu na netretiranu bakterijsku kulturu. U kombinaciji s tobramicinom, eterično ulje i timol pokazali su antagonističko djelovanje te doveli do povećanog stvaranja pigmenta. Rezultati ovog rada doprinose boljem razumijevanju kompleksnih interakcija između eteričnih ulja i njezinih sastavnica na P. aeruginosa s ciljem unaprjeđenja terapije infekcija uzrokovanih P. aeruginosa.Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen and one of the most significant causes of healthcare-associated infections. It possesses a variety of virulence factors, namely the blue-green pigment pyocyanin, which acts proinflammatory, leads to the production of free radicals and oxidative stress as well as induces biofilm formation and neutrophil apoptosis. Due to the huge morbidity and mortality and the increasing antibiotic resistance, it is considered a critical pathogen for which research and new therapy are urgently needed. Essential oils have been recognised for their antimicrobial properties, and the essential oil from Satureja montana L. has shown exceptional antibacterial properties. This research examined the effect of Satureja essential oil and its main monoterpene component thymol, both in concentrations 0,5 mg/mL, alone and in the combination with the aminoglycoside antibiotic tobramycin, on the growth and pyocyanin production of the bacterial cells of P. aeruginosa PAO1.
The effect on bacterial growth was examined by measuring the optical density at 600 nm while the effect on pyocyanin production was determined by measuring the absorption of the extracted pyocyanin at 520 nm and normalised on the number of bacterial cells. The results showed that Satureja essential oil and thymol both showed inhibitory effects on P. aeruginosa growth and they both acted synergistically with tobramycin. On the other hand, thymol showed no significant effect on pyocyanin production, while pyocyanin production was increased in the presence of Satureja essential oil. In combination with tobramycin, the essential oil and thymol showed antagonistic action that led to increased pigment production. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the complex interaction between essential oils and their components on P. aeruginosa with the goal of improving the therapy of infections caused by P. aeruginosa
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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