7 research outputs found
Poverty Dynamics of Female-headed Households in Pakistan: Evidence from PIHS 2000-01 and PSLM 2004-05
No full textThe paper attempts to empirically test a naïve version of what is rather stylistically termed as “feminisation of poverty”, using the sub-sample of female -headed households (FHHs) from two household surveys in Pakistan. Although, the database is constrained by quality factors and small sample size, the following findings add to the richness of current research in this area: (a) The numerical incidence of poverty among households headed by females is less than that for all households in the country, at the national, urban and rural level for both the years. This can be traced to the finding that more than 70 percent of households headed by females receive remittances, (b) The incidence of poverty among FHHs during the period 2000-01 to 2004-05 did not decline as fast as it did for mixed households, nationwide. In urban areas, it did not decline at all, (c) Among the determinants of poverty of FHHs, illiteracy, dependency and rural residence exacerbate poverty, while remittances domestic and/ or foreign reduce poverty, (d) The dynamics of incidence of poverty among FHHs during the period indicated that Illiteracy as the factor exacerbating poverty became less important in 2004-05. Moreover, residence in rural areas was also a weaker factor in determining the incidence of poverty. By far the most notable contribution in reducing the incidence of poverty was self-employment in agriculture in 2004-05.
Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Domain-8 (EGFL8) in Mammals: The Story so far
No full textEpidermal growth factor-like domain-8 (EGFL8) also known as vascular endothelial statin-2 (VE-statin-2). It was identified by using retroviral gene entrapment vectors, expressed in endothelial cells. It is located on chromosome6inhumansandchromosome17inthemouse. EGFL8codesaproteinof293aminoacidswithan amino-terminal signal peptide and has two EGF-like domains. EGFL8 plays a very important regulatory role in thymopoiesis, cell migration and invasion through the modulation of Notch signaling. Although the signaling regulatory factors of EGFL8 need to be explored but recent scientific advances have revealed some important aspect of its regulation. This review summarizes the current knowledge about all aspects of EGFL8 since its discovery
An integrated in-silico approach for drug target identification in human pathogen Shigella dysenteriae.
No full textShigella dysenteriae, is a Gram-negative bacterium that emerged as the second most significant cause of bacillary dysentery. Antibiotic treatment is vital in lowering Shigella infection rates, yet the growing global resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics poses a significant challenge. The persistent multidrug resistance of S. dysenteriae complicates its management and control. Hence, there is an urgent requirement to discover novel therapeutic targets and potent medications to prevent and treat this disease. Therefore, the integration of bioinformatics methods such as subtractive and comparative analysis provides a pathway to compute the pan-genome of S. dysenteriae. In our study, we analysed a dataset comprising 27 whole genomes. The S. dysenteriae strain SD197 was used as the reference for determining the core genome. Initially, our focus was directed towards the identification of the proteome of the core genome. Moreover, several filters were applied to the core genome, including assessments for non-host homology, protein essentiality, and virulence, in order to prioritize potential drug targets. Among these targets were Integration host factor subunit alpha and Tyrosine recombinase XerC. Furthermore, four drug-like compounds showing potential inhibitory effects against both target proteins were identified. Subsequently, molecular docking analysis was conducted involving these targets and the compounds. This initial study provides the list of novel targets against S. dysenteriae. Conclusively, future in vitro investigations could validate our in-silico findings and uncover potential therapeutic drugs for combating bacillary dysentery infection
The short-term outcomes of tirofiban use in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
No full textIntroduction: When patients suffering from acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergo for percutaneous coronary intervention, tirofiban is mostly prescribed. Objective: In this study, patients undergoing for primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were evaluated to determine the impact of a high bolus dose (HBD) of tirofiban on clinical outcomes. Methods: This study included 272 acute STEMI patients aged less than 79 years, admitted to the Hayatabad Medical Complex hospital, Peshawar from April 2021 to February 2022. According to the random number table, these patients were divided into four groups: the control group (n= 65), low-dose group (n=69), medium-dose group (n=71) and high-dose group (n=67). Results: After percutaneous coronary intervention, the high-dose group experienced higher rates of corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC), Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grade 3, and total frequency of ST-segment resolution greater than 50% than the other 3 groups while compared to the low- dose group as well as control group, the CTFC were greater in the medium dose group. Furthermore, the LVEF of the medium-dose group was much better than that of the low-dose group. Compared to other groups, the left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions of the high-dose group remained suggestively elevated. 
Biodegradation of polyethylene by bacterial strains isolated from Kashmir Cave, Buner, Pakistan
No full textThe Short-term Outcomes of Tirofiban Use in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)
No full textIntroduction: When patients suffering from acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergo for percutaneous coronary intervention, tirofiban is mostly prescribed. Objective: In this study, patients undergoing for primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were evaluated to determine the impact of a high bolus dose (HBD) of tirofiban on clinical outcomes. Methods: This study included 272 acute STEMI patients aged less than 79 years, admitted to the Hayatabad Medical Complex hospital, Peshawar from April 2021 to February 2022. According to the random number table, these patients were divided into four groups: the control group (n= 65), low-dose group (n=69), medium-dose group (n=71) and high-dose group (n=67). Results: After percutaneous coronary intervention, the high-dose group experienced higher rates of corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC), Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grade 3, and total frequency of ST-segment resolution greater than 50% than the other 3 groups while compared to the low- dose group as well as control group, the CTFC were greater in the medium dose group. Furthermore, the LVEF of the medium-dose group was much better than that of the low-dose group. Compared to other groups, the left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions of the high-dose group remained suggestively elevated. 
Effects of a high-dose 24-h infusion of tranexamic acid on death and thromboembolic events in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (HALT-IT): an international randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
No full textBackgroundTranexamic acid reduces surgical bleeding and reduces death due to bleeding in patients with trauma. Meta-analyses of small trials show that tranexamic acid might decrease deaths from gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to assess the effects of tranexamic acid in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.MethodsWe did an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 164 hospitals in 15 countries. Patients were enrolled if the responsible clinician was uncertain whether to use tranexamic acid, were aged above the minimum age considered an adult in their country (either aged 16 years and older or aged 18 years and older), and had significant (defined as at risk of bleeding to death) upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients were randomly assigned by selection of a numbered treatment pack from a box containing eight packs that were identical apart from the pack number. Patients received either a loading dose of 1 g tranexamic acid, which was added to 100 mL infusion bag of 0·9% sodium chloride and infused by slow intravenous injection over 10 min, followed by a maintenance dose of 3 g tranexamic acid added to 1 L of any isotonic intravenous solution and infused at 125 mg/h for 24 h, or placebo (sodium chloride 0·9%). Patients, caregivers, and those assessing outcomes were masked to allocation. The primary outcome was death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation; analysis excluded patients who received neither dose of the allocated treatment and those for whom outcome data on death were unavailable. This trial was registered with Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN11225767, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01658124.FindingsBetween July 4, 2013, and June 21, 2019, we randomly allocated 12 009 patients to receive tranexamic acid (5994, 49·9%) or matching placebo (6015, 50·1%), of whom 11 952 (99·5%) received the first dose of the allocated treatment. Death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation occurred in 222 (4%) of 5956 patients in the tranexamic acid group and in 226 (4%) of 5981 patients in the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 0·99, 95% CI 0·82–1·18). Arterial thromboembolic events (myocardial infarction or stroke) were similar in the tranexamic acid group and placebo group (42 [0·7%] of 5952 vs 46 [0·8%] of 5977; 0·92; 0·60 to 1·39). Venous thromboembolic events (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) were higher in tranexamic acid group than in the placebo group (48 [0·8%] of 5952 vs 26 [0·4%] of 5977; RR 1·85; 95% CI 1·15 to 2·98).InterpretationWe found that tranexamic acid did not reduce death from gastrointestinal bleeding. On the basis of our results, tranexamic acid should not be used for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding outside the context of a randomised trial.</div
