1,720,959 research outputs found
A conceptual framework for the business model of smart grids
No full textIn spite of the strong believes, the progress and maturity in the deployment of smart grids is very slow. The main reasons behind the slow pace are not due to the technical aspects but, perhaps, as a result of an inappropriate business model, not adequately centered to the customers. Nature, with ability to survive and resist, is a splendid example of competitive life. Mathematical models show that natural complex systems are the replication of simple structures. Exploring this approach, smart grids can be seen as an aggregation of mini and micro grids, with the smart user as fundamental stone. The technical aggregation can be paired with a new business model, based on correspondent enterprises, devoted to operation and maintenance. This framework can open new opportunities, favoring innovations, increasing resilience, pushing toward more responsible energy usage behavior while giving tangible economic and social benefits to the customers
Flexibility assessment indicator for aggregate residential demand
No full textIn the modern power system, characterization of customer's demand plays a vital role for Demand Side Management. Demand flexibility information, extracted from the aggregate demand behaviour of customers, presents more comprehensive picture for the aggregator or system operator. There is an existence of diverse flexible time slots during a day in different time periods. Due to the diverse energy consumption behaviour of the residential customers, extraction of flexibility and its associated potential time durations is a challenging task. To extract flexibility information from aggregate residential customers, a flexibility indicator is formulated in this paper. Information presented gives an indication about flexible time slots in terms of numerical value that is useful for a system operator or an aggregator for demand side flexibility assessment and this will lead to design and initiate DSM programs
Economic analysis of net metering regulations for residential consumers in Pakistan
No full textNet metering is used to incentivize the distributed generation owners. It is introduced in Pakistan with the aim to promote the building integrated local generation. Presently, it is hard to find any study on the economic incentive indicators of the net metering policy for residential customers in Pakistan. This paper presents the economic evaluation of net metering benefits to the individual residential consumers in the presence of Building Integrated PV (BIPV) system under current net metering regulations in Pakistan. The energy demand of the individual apartments and the common area services inside the building is calculated by means of daily energy usage of the residents for a typical day. The aggregate demand of the residential building, comprising of 100 residential units and common area services, is calculated. The estimation of power profiles of the PV generation system is carried out with the help of PVGIS. At the end, the economic analysis of the proposed net metering scheme is presented. The net metering policy is found to be feasible up-to 50 kWp PV capacity when it is applied on the common area services only and the billing is carried out individually. When it is implemented on the aggregate energy demand of the entire residential building, the annual savings are observed for installed PV capacity above 80 kWp
Net-metering benefits for residential customers: the economic advantages of a proposed user-centric model in Italy
No full textContrary to many expectations, the development of smart (mini-)grids is slow, notwithstanding drastic improvements in innovative technologies, and the reasons for this are not strictly technical. The problem lies in regulatory barriers. Moreover, the current business models accommodate utilities more so than customers. Net metering is a key enabling factor for smart (mini-)grids. This article addresses the economic benefits of net metering for residential customers. Energy demands for individual apartments and common areas are calculated using the daily energy-consumption behavior of occupants for typical days of each month of the year. Photovoltaic (PV ) generation is estimated for a residential building in Italy. The proposed net-metering scheme is applied on the aggregate energy demand of a selected building. The current energy billing without modifications is compared to the case in which net-metering tariffs are applied to the billing. Results show that noticeable savings can be obtained in the net-metering case
Net metering benefits for residential buildings: A case study in Italy
No full textContrary to expectations, the development of smart (mini) grids is slow. Due to drastic improvements in innovative technologies, the reasons are not strictly technical but the problem mainly lies in regulatory barriers. The current business models are centric to utilities rather than customers. Net metering is a key enabling factor for smart (mini) grids. This paper addresses the economic benefits of net metering for individual residential customers. Energy demand for the individual apartments and common areas is calculated using the daily energy consumption behavior of occupants for typical days of each month of the year. Photovoltaic generation is estimated via PVGIS for a residential building in Italy. The proposed net metering scheme is applied on the aggregate energy demand of selected building without any modification in the current energy billing and net metering tariffs. Results show the noticeable difference in the savings of individual apartments
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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