121,904 research outputs found
Performance of reinforced concrete wall foundation connection under lateral static load / Aida Kartini Saidin
No full textSteel fabric reinforced concrete wall foundation is considered as an innovative construction method in Malaysia to reduce weight on foundation. This type of wall foundation may require sequ encial analysis in making an effective product that gives advantanges in all aspects and gives better performance.This research involved laboratory experimental work on three reinforced concrete wall foundation samples.The wall is reinforced with steel fabric of size B7 and concrete Grade 30 mix with steel fabric. The wall foundation samples were tested under lateral static load with the load applied upper of the wall he ight wall. The support condition was considered as fixed at the lower end foundation. The ultimate load sustained by the samples is 30kN with maximum displacement of 35mm before failure. From the observation, there are failure cracks along the connection and at the side of the connection that influence the strength of the connection itself. Wall foundation 1 started to crack when load reach the value of 5kN with maximum deflection of 15.44mm while for sample 2, wall foundation started to crack when applied load reach the value of 5.97kN with maximum deflection of 10.37mm. Lastly, for sample 3, wall foundation started to crack when applied load reach the value of 8.58kN with maximum deflection of 20.13mm. From research the maximum bending stress for sample 1, 2 and 3 is 3.75 kN/mm2, 7.36 kN/mm2 and 9.72 kN/mm2 respectively. Modulus of elasticity for sample 1, 2 and 3 are 8.78862 xlO-3 N/mm2, 9.9571 xlO-3 N/mm2 and 0.1180 xlO-3 N/mm2 respectively. Therefore, maximum modulus of elasticity usually occurs at connection of wall foundation. Besides that, lateral static load has affect on the compressive strength, fracture energy and ductility thus inhabit the crack propagation of the
reinforced concrete wall foundation
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
Get PDFAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Skin barrier modulation by hibiscus rosa-sinensis mucilage for transdermal drug delivery / Nor Maziah Saidin
Get PDFTransdermal drug delivery system provides continuous controlled delivery of active
ingredients through the human skin and into the bloodstream. Poor penetration of most
drugs into the skin has led to numerous studies being conducted to increase their
permeability. The present study investigated the ability of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HRS)
leaves mucilage in modifying skin barrier for transdermal drug delivery. The mucilage
obtained from HRS leaves is a novel source of polysaccharides, and its skin permeation
modulating effect has yet to be explored. Dried-powdered mucilage was extracted from
the leaves of HRS, and its physicochemical properties were analysed. The HRS gels
were formulated with three concentrations of HRS mucilage, namely 1 (CL1), 1.5
(CL1.5), and 2 (CL2) %(w/w) using caffeine as a model drug. The in vitro drug release
and permeation profiles of caffeine were examined using vertical diffusion cells.
Physicochemical properties of HRS mucilage and HRS gels were characterised by
molecular weight analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), particle size,
viscosity, pH, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR)
spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), while the mechanisms of drug
permeation were evaluated by subjecting the rat skin to scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), ATR-FTIR, and DSC. The results indicated that the releases of caffeine from
HRS gels in 24 hours were 47.17 ± 5.72, 46.90 ± 2.25 and 48.63 ± 2.33 % of CL1,
CL1.5 and CL2, respectively (ANOVA: p > 0.05). Nevertheless, the CL2 gel
demonstrated a significantly highest drug permeation (2029.44 ± 313.39 μg cm-2
) when
compared to caffeine solution (1400.48 ± 167.15 μg cm-2
), CL1 (1129.53 ± 425.64 μg
cm-2
), and CL1.5 (1007.27 ± 588.73 μg cm-2
) (ANOVA: p < 0.05). The CL2 possessed
a combination of higher viscosity, higher amorphous property and smaller particle size
than CL1 and CL1.5. High viscosity resulted in prolonged contact with the skin. High
amorphous denotesthat the particles exist as high energy compound with enhanced drug
solubility and thermodynamic activity, thus facilitated the drug permeation. In addition,
small particle size enabled greater contact and interaction with the stratum corneum.
HRS gels generally altered the barrier and permeability of the skin by perturbing the
lipid and protein structures, acting on the helical keratin filaments as well as through
the O–H and/or N–H interactions. These were then reduced the diffusional resistance
for drug transport and increased the drug permeation. The optimal concentration of HRS
mucilage at 2 %(w/w) (CL2) was deemed useful in facilitating the transdermal delivery
of caffeine
Dissipative Range Scaling of Higher Order Structure Functions for Velocity and Passive Scalars
No full textDifferently to Kolmogorov's second similarity hypothesis, we find that the 2n-th order velocity and scalar structure functions scale with n-th order moment of the energy dissipation and the scalar dissipation, respectively. The origins of this scaling are analyzed by the transport equations of the fourth order velocity and scalar increment moments and by direct numerical simulations
Fast implementation of iterative adaptive approach for wideband unambiguous radar detection
No full textAccepted author manuscriptMicrowave Sensing, Signals & System
Ratio of n-6/n-3 in the diets of beef cattle
No full textEffects of feeding heat-treated canola (C), soybean (S) and flax (F) or mixtures on growth and slaughter characteristics, taste and fatty acid (FA) composition of beef tissue were investigated using 128 crossbred steers to determine the potential of improving the nutritional quality of beef for humans. For Trial 1 (48 steers), dietary treatments were: roasted C, extruded C, roasted S, extruded S, roasted F and extruded F. For Trial 2 (80 steers), the dietary treatments were: S:F (1:1), S:C (1:1), C:F (1:1) and S:F:C (1:1:1), and the oilseeds were processed either by roasting or extruding before mixing. Soybean meal and soybean oil were used to give equivalent lipid and protein contents to each experimental diet. The basal diet consisted of grass silage, barley grain, vitamins and minerals. Steers were fed for a minimum of 100d then slaughtered at a uniform degree of finish. Growth and slaughter characteristics of the steers were only slightly affected by dietary treatment in that the soybean-fed steers consumed more feed and had a higher average daily gain than the canola or flax-fed animals in Trial 1. There was no difference in taste panel parameters for any of the treatments. Inclusion of flax in the diet increased the total n-3 content of meat. Similar results were found for canola and C18:1n-9 although this was not the case for soybean and the n-6 FA. For the n-6 FA in the PL and neutral lipid fractions of the meat samples, levels were correlated with high dietary levels of n-6 or n-9 with low levels of n-3 while for the n-3 FA, levels were correlated with high dietary n-3 levels and low n-6 levels. Oilseed processing method did not have an effect on any fatty acid levels. It is possible to modify the FA composition of beef meat toward a healthier profile by including heat-treated oilseeds in the diet to influence the degree of lipid metabolism in the rumen.ID: S0377840111004007; M3: Article; Accession Number: S0377840111004007; Author: M.A. McNiven (a, ⁎); Author: J.L. Duynisveld (b); Author: T. Turner (a); Author: A.W. Mitchell (a); Affiliation: Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of PEI, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada C1A 4P3; Affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Nappan, NS, Canada B0L 1C0; Keyword: Oilseeds; Keyword: Roasted; Keyword: Extruded; Keyword: Fatty acids; Keyword: Healthy fat; Number of Pages: 11; Language: English
After seven years in Key West, Florida, author John N. Cole learned to appreciat
No full textAfter seven years in Key West, Florida, author John N. Cole learned to appreciate Maine winters for their beauty and power
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