1,720,952 research outputs found
Gogo the sangoma : an initiation into biography writing
Get PDFThesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation is a study in the field of life writing. It is a biography. It also tracks the relationship between Gogo, an elderly Christian Xhosa sangoma (sacred specialist / ‘traditional healer’), and her would-be biographer. Both are women, both are South African, but like many South Africans, their race, religion, age, level of education, and class has separated them. This thesis tells of how the project of the one to tell the story of the other brought the two women together, but also highlighted their differences. As a black person, Gogo was disadvantaged during apartheid South Africa, working in domestic labour, one of the few careers available to her. As a woman in the milieu of African Traditional Religion, she was downtrodden by the patriarchal society in general - and her father and husband in particular. This situation was overlaid by the repression of both the Christian missionaries who, upon settling the land, dominated its peoples and their faith; and further, the Afrikaner Nationalist government’s theological justification of apartheid laws. It is through religion that Gogo was oppressed, but it is also through religion that she gained her power. It was one of her employers, whom Gogo describes ‘like a sister’, who encouraged Gogo to follow her calling into traditional healing, which she had avoided most of her life. Gogo returned to the tradition that oppressed her, but this time as mouthpiece of the Ancestors.
The thesis draws on the ‘Tribal Politics’ theories of postmodern sociologist, Zygmunt Bauman. He proposes that within today's ‘imagined tribal communities’, we appeal to ‘experts’ to approve our ‘self-constitution’ – we construct our own identities from available models of identity.
She has become an expert within her own community. Her ‘sacredness’ lends her status in an environment where New Age spirituality is a growing ‘imagined tribal community’ from within which indigenous cultures are being respected and resanctified by the descendants of colonialists, Christian Missionaries, and apartheid supporters. To tell her story, the author conducted over twenty interviews with Gogo, over two years. She travelled to Gogo’s hometown of Zastron in the Free State Province. This dissertation is Gogo’s biography. It tells of her hometown, her family of origin, her working life, her relationships and her children.
As a psychology student, the author was interested in an indigenous tradition of physical, social, spiritual, and psychological healing. From a feminist psychological standpoint, she felt Gogo’s story of overcoming oppression should be given a voice.
The author discusses theories of life writing, most specifically Paul J. Eakin’s theory of relational biography. He states that one’s life story is simultaneously the story of all the people in one’s life. This is not dissimilar to the South African notion of umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu (we are people because of other people). Beyond this, though, as proposed in feminist psychology, and the theory of observer effect - the life story is also affected by the person listening to and recording it.
Despite the literature, the author learned that the process of recording a life is more difficult than she anticipated. She dealt with other players in her subject’s life. She had to discern fact from fantasy. She had to trust and be trusted. This dissertation tells of the relationship between the author and Gogo, the biographer and her subject. This is a discussion of attempting to build and maintain a relationship of equality. More than Gogo’s narrative, it is the author’s initiation into the process of life writing, with its assumptions, intentions, problems, theories, interpretations, setbacks and ultimate conclusion.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie voorlegging is 'n studie in die gebied van lewensbeskrywing. Dit is 'n biografie. Dit volg die verhouding tussen Gogo, 'n bejaarde Christen-Xhosa sangoma (heilige spesialis / ‘tradisionele geneser’), en haar biograaf. Beide is vrouens, beide is Suid-Afrikaners, maar soos baie Suid-Afrikaners, het hul ras, godsdiens, ouderdom, vlak van opvoeding en klas hulle geskei. Hierdie tesis vertel hoe die projek van die een wat die storie van die ander vertel, die twee vroue saam gebring het, maar ook hul verskille beklemtoon het.
As 'n swart persoon was Gogo benadeel gedurende die Suid-Afrikaanse apartheid. Gedurende hierdie tydperk het sy as huishulp gewerk, een van die min beroepe wat aan haar beskikbaar was. As 'n vrou wat haarself in die miliur van Afrika Tradisionele Godsdiens bevind was sy oor die algemeen vertrap deur 'n patriargale samelewing en in besonder deur haar vader en haar man. Hierdie situasie is vererger deur die onderdrukking van Christen sendelinge wie, na vestiging in hierdie land, sy mense en hul geloof oorheers het, en verder deur die Afrikaner Nasionalistiese regering se teologiese verdedeging van apartheids wette. Gogo is deur godsdiens onderdruk, maar godsdiens is ook waar Gogo haar krag gevind het.
Een van Gogo se werkgewers, wie sy as 'n suster beskryf, het haar aangemoedig om haar roeping in tradisionele genesing, wat sy voorheen vermy het, te volg. Gogo keer toe terug na die tradisie wat haar onderdruk het, maar hierdie keer as mondstuk vir die Voorvaders.
Hierdie tesis is gebasseer op die ‘Tribal Politics’ teorieë van die postmoderne sosioloog, Zygmunt Bauman. Hy stel voor dat in vandag se ‘imagined tribal communities, ons 'n beroep doen op ‘kenners’ om ons ‘self-constitution’ goed te keur - ons bou ons eie identiteite uit die beskikbare identiteit modelle.
Sy het 'n kenner geword in haar eie gemeenskap. Haar ‘heiligheid’ het haar status gegee in ‘n omgewing waar ‘New Age’ spiritualiteit ‘n groeiende ‘imagined tribal community’ skep, waarvan die inheemse kulture gerespekteer en verheilig word deur die nasate van kolonialiste, Christen-sendelinge, en apartheid ondersteuners. Om haar storie te vertel, het die skrywer gedurende twee jaar meer as twintig onderhoude met Gogo gevoer. Sy het na Gogo se tuisdorp van Zastron in die Vrystaatse Provinsie gereis. Hierdie tesis is Gogo se biografie. Dit vertel van haar tuisdorp, haar gesin van oorsprong, haar werks lewe, haar verhoudings en haar kinders.
As 'n sielkunde student, was die skrywer geïnteresseerd in 'n inheemse tradisie van fisiese, sosiale, geestelike en sielkundige genesing. Vanuit ‘n feministiese standpunt, her sy gevoel sy moet ‘n stem gee aan Gogo se storie van onderdrukking en how sy dit oorwin het.
Die skrywer bespreek teorieë van lewensbeskrywing, en meer spesifiek Paul J. Eakin se teorie van ‘relational biography’. Hy beweer dat jou eie lewensvehaal ook die verhaal van al die mense in jou lewe vertel. Dit is soortgelyk aan die Suid-Afrikaanse begrip van ‘umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu’ (ons is mense as gevolg van ander mense). Verdermeer, soos voorgestel in feministiese sielkunde, en die teorie van die sogenaamde ‘waarnemer effek’ – word die lewensverhaal ook deur die persoon wat daarna luister en dit opneem beïnvloed.
Ten spyte van die letterkunde, het die skrywer geleer dat die proses waardeur 'n lewensverhaal opgeneem work moeiliker is as wat sy verwag het. Sy het ook met ander spelers in die hoofkarakter se te doen gehad. Sy moes onderskei tussen feite en fantasië. Sy moes vertrou en so ook vertrou word.
Hierdie tesis vertel van die verhouding tussen die skrywer en Gogo, die biograaf en haar onderwerp. Dit is 'n bespreking van' n poging om 'n verhouding van gelykheid te bou en in stand to hou. Meer as Gogo se verhaal is dit die skrywer se inisiasie tot die proses van lewensbeskrywing, met sy aannames, intensies, probleme, teorieë, interpretasies, terugslae en die uiteindelike gevolgtrekking.Master
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
