1,720,960 research outputs found
Active caseinate/guar gum films incorporated with gallic acid: Physicochemical properties and release kinetics
Get PDFComposite active films based on sodium caseinate/guar gum were prepared by the incorporation of gallic acid at different concentrations to investigate its effect on the structure, physicochemical properties, and the release kinetics from the film. The incorporation of gallic acid imparted changes in the FT-IR spectra. Water vapor permeability (WVP) of films decreased up to 21% after the incorporation of gallic acid in the film. The gallic acid released from the films GAI*60 μg.ml−1, GAII*250 μg.ml−1 and GAIII*650 μg.ml−1 was 67%, 32% and 30% respectively. Similarly, the diffusion coefficient was also affected by an increase in the concentration and was: 8.10 × 10−12 m2s−1, 6.23 × 10−12 m2s−1, and 4.5 × 10−12 m2s−1 for GAI, GAII and GAIII films respectively. Molecular docking suggested the potential inactivation of oxidative enzymes due to binding of gallic acid near their active sites. Therefore, gallic acid releasing films maybe considered as an active food packaging for fruits and vegetables (F&V)
Recent advances in biopolymeric antioxidant films and coatings for preservation of nutritional quality of minimally processed fruits and vegetables
Get PDFMinimally processed F&V while being as fresh as the intact product, are characterized by an accelerated produce decay which affects its nutritional value during shelf-life. In this sense, food processing needs to further evolve in terms of better preservation of nutritional properties. Active packaging technology has shown positive and promising results to maintain safety and sensory properties of minimally processed F&V. This review aims to present the recent research results regarding biopolymeric antioxidant film and coating for preservation of nutritional quality of minimally processed F&V. The mechanism by which nutritional losses (around 5–30 % loss of ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds) occur from oxidation reactions in F&V and natural antioxidant have been discussed. Furthermore, regulatory aspects related to antioxidant packaging have been also reported. Biopolymers based antioxidant film and coating have been vastly used to pack F&V product. Chitosan, gelatin, casein and alginate were found to be more effective as packaging materials (both as coating and as film) to preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of F&V product. Furthermore, plant extracts (green tea and Aloe vera), essential oils (lemon grass), plant oil compounds (eugenol and citral) and phenolics (thymol) as a component of active film or coating systems have shown promising results in preserving the quality of fresh produce. The collected findings will be useful to accurately design an innovative active film or coating for nutritional quality preservation of minimally processed fresh fruits and vegetables
Correlating in silico elucidation of interactions between hydroxybenzoic acids and casein with in vitro release kinetics for designing food packaging
No full textThe sustained release of phenolic compounds from packaging films is of prime importance for extending the shelf-life of food products. Thus, understanding the interaction of phenolic compounds with polymeric chains and their influence on release kinetics is of great value since release behavior has a role in controlling the quality of the food product. In this study, the interaction mechanism of a group of hydroxybenzoic acids (gallic, vanillic, and protocatechuic acid) with casein fractions was studied by using molecular docking methods. Sodium caseinate film was developed through the solution casting method. Furthermore, the release kinetics of gallic acid was elucidated into the food simulant (95% ethanol). The interaction of phenolic acids with casein fractions was a spontaneous reaction mainly driven by hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals, and hydrophobic forces. The IC50 of gallic acid in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed to be 30.67 μg/ml, whereas the maximum radical scavenging activity was observed to be ~57%. Furthermore, approximately 26% of the gallic acid was released from the packaging into the simulant. A mathematical model was used to describe the diffusion of gallic acid from the packaging material, which will provide essential information on developing packaging materials based on sodium caseinate to reach the best engineering solution by keeping in view the regulatory constraints on the leeching phenomenon. Finally, the developed film can only be used for packaging purposes of food products with lipophilic surface properties
Role of quality assessment of the recycled packaging material in determining its safety profile as food contact material
No full textFood packaging waste significantly impacts global environmental changes, prompting the adoption of a green circular economy approach. Recycling packaging waste is a critical element of this strategy. However, it faces challenges related to the quality of recycled materials and concerns about their safety. Thus, this review aimed to highlight different analytical methods alone or in combination to evaluate the quality of the recycled material.
Furthermore, the safety and health aspects related to the migration of contaminants and their relevant regulations have also been discussed. An important parameter while selecting an appropriate recycling method is the composition and nature of the recyclate, for instance, HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene), PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), and PP (Polypropylene) materials can be recycled using mechanical and chemical recycling, however, PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) and PS (Polystyrene) present challenges during mechanical recycling due to lower molecular weight and complex compositions, thus are often downcycled into lower-grade products. Still,recycled papers can be more problematic than recycled plastics due to the nature of the materials and the impact of recycling. The literature review suggested that three quality properties i.e., presence of low molecular weight compounds, degree of degradation, and composition should be analyzed by using different spectroscopic, thermo-mechanical, and chromatographic techniques to obtain a detailed understanding of recycled material
quality. Furthermore, recycling should be done in such a way that the migration of contaminants should be lower than the migratory limits set by the relevant authorities to avoid any toxicological effects
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
