326,128 research outputs found
Is the incidence of dementia declining?
No full textAction on preventative health could lower the risk of dementia for future generations, argues this report.
Executive summary
The world-wide projections of the prevalence of dementia in the coming decades have been a source of great concern to health systems and societies around the world. The World Alzheimer Report 2010 estimated that there were 36 million people with dementia in 2010, with an expected doubling every 20 years to nearly 115 million in 2050. These sobering figures are based on assumptions that the age-adjusted prevalence of dementia would remain constant and the population would continue to age at the current rate.
The assumption that the incidence of dementia will remain stable is now being put into question. There is emerging evidence to suggest that the incidence of dementia in older individuals may be declining. It appears that this change may be recent and has possibly occurred only in the last one to two decades. It may also be restricted so far to high income countries, although data from low and middle income countries are lacking.
The reasons for this change are not understood, but education, more stimulating environments and better control of vascular risk factors may have contributed. The data are still preliminary and more studies are needed to establish the extent of this change and understand its causes. It should be noted that the decline is not large enough to offset the increase in prevalence of dementia due to the ageing of the population and therefore investment and efforts to develop better treatments and care for people with dementia need to continue.
The fact that dementia rates are malleable is an encouraging finding but the reduction cannot be taken for granted as gains in population health can easily be lost if societies do not remain vigilant and continually proactive. These preliminary findings provide a strong argument for large scale Government investment in dementia-prevention strategies, which should start from early life
Marriner S. Eccles correspondence related to Eccles quotations [07]
No full textCorrespondence from 1965 through 1967 between Marriner S. Eccles and friends, associates, and publishers who sent him published citations of and references to Mr. Eccles. Correspondents included economics author Irving S. Michelman; Hugh S. Norton, professor of economics at the University of South Carolina; and economist Eliot Janeway
Ultrapotent and broad neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants by modular, tetravalent, bi-paratopic antibodies
No full textNeutralizing antibodies (nAbs) that target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have received emergency use approval for treatment of COVID-19. However, with the emergence of variants of concern, there is a need for new treatment options. We report a format that enables modular assembly of bi-paratopic tetravalent nAbs with antigen-binding sites from two distinct nAbs. The tetravalent nAb purifies in high yield and exhibits biophysical characteristics that are comparable to those of clinically used therapeutic antibodies. The tetravalent nAb binds to the spike protein trimer at least 100-fold more tightly than bivalent IgGs (apparent K(D) < 1 pM) and neutralizes a broad array of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses, chimeric viruses, and authentic viral variants with high potency. Together, these results establish the tetravalent diabody-Fc-Fab as a robust, modular platform for rapid production of drug-grade nAbs with potencies and breadth of coverage that greatly exceed those of conventional bivalent IgGs
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
The astrochemical observatory: Computational and theoretical focus on molecular chirality changing torsions around O – O and S – S bonds
No full textThe observation of hydrogen peroxide in the interstellar medium represents a remarkable discovery for the astrochemistry community. The prototypical role that this molecule, arguably the simplest chiral molecule, plays in the evolution of life in biospheres, is related to the chirality change transitions associated with the torsional motions around the O - O and the S - S bonds. In this paper, we present an overview on the state-of-art of possible experiments to demonstrate chiral effects discrimination and computational tools applied to peroxides and persulfides
Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev model as Liouville quantum mechanics
No full textAbstractWe show that the proper inclusion of soft reparameterization modes in the Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev model of N randomly interacting Majorana fermions reduces its long-time behavior to that of Liouville quantum mechanics. As a result, all zero temperature correlation functions decay with the universal exponent ∝τ−3/2 for times larger than the inverse single particle level spacing τ≫NlnN. In the particular case of the single particle Green function this behavior is manifestation of the zero-bias anomaly, or scaling in energy as ϵ1/2. We also present exact diagonalization study supporting our conclusions
Scientometric Portrait of Nobel Laureate S. Chandrasekhar
No full textScientometric analysis of the publications productivity of Nobel Laureate S. Chandrasekhar is documented
Band Alignment and Electrical Investigations of Ultra-Thin Al2O3 on Si by E-beam Evaporation
No full textThe continuous downscaling leads the search of high-gate dielectrics. The films amorphous in nature offered good mechanical flexibility, smooth surfaces and better uniformity associated with low leakage current density. In this work, 16 nm thick amorphous Al2O3 films on silicon substrate are fabricated by E-beam evaporation. The high value of refractive index (1.76) extracted from ellipsometry analysis directs the deposition of compact film. The AFM analysis reveal a flat surface with small RMS surface roughness 1.5 angstrom. The band gap is extracted from O-1s electron loss spectra and was found 6.7 eV and band alignment of Al2O3/Si is derived from the UPS measurements. The films are incorporated in Metal Insulator -Semiconductor (MIS) capacitor to perform the electrical measurement. The flat band voltage (V-FB), dielectric constant () and oxide trapped charges (Q(ot)) extracted from high frequency (1 MHz) C-V curve are - 0.4 V, 8.4 and 2 x 10(11) cm(-2), respectively. The small flat band voltage - 0.4 V, narrow hysteresis and very little frequency dispersion suggest an exceptional good Al2O3/Si interface with small quantity of trapped charges in the oxide. The leakage current density was 4.27 x 10(-8) A/cm(2) at 1 V. The moderate dielectric constant and low leakage current density with ultra-smooth surface is quite useful towards its application in future CMOS and memory devices
Model based defect characterization in composites
No full textWork is reported on model-based defect characterization in CFRP composites. The work utilizes computational models of the interaction of NDE probing energy fields (ultrasound and thermography), to determine 1) the measured signal dependence on material and defect properties (forward problem), and 2) an assessment of performance-critical defect properties from analysis of measured NDE signals (inverse problem). Work is reported on model implementation for inspection of CFRP laminates containing multi-ply impact-induced delamination, with application in this paper focusing on ultrasound. A companion paper in these proceedings summarizes corresponding activity in thermography. Inversion of ultrasound data is demonstrated showing the quantitative extraction of damage properties.This proceeding may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing.
This proceeding appeared in Roberts, R., and S. Holland. "Model based defect characterization in composites." In AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1806, no. 1, p. 090015. AIP Publishing LLC, 2017, and may be found at
DOI: 10.1063/1.4974659.
Copyright 2017 Author(s).
Posted with permission
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