1,721,149 research outputs found
A possible explanation of the experimentally observed behaviour of the cooled gravitational-wave antennas
No full textNon previsto per questo tipo di pubblicazion
Magnetic form factor determination by inelastic scattering of neutrons as compared to elastic scattering measures
No full textThe difference between the magnetic form factor for elastic and inelastic scattering of neutrons is derived to interpret recent neutron scattering experiment
Electron-electron interaction in 3d metals which b.c.c. structure
No full textThe calculation of the electronic states lifetime and of the enhancement factor of the electronic specific heat related to the electron-electron interaction is presented in the case of the 3d metals V, Cr, Mn and Fe with b.c.c. structure. The average lifetime of the electronic states has been found to be simply related to the interstitial electron density while no simple behaviour has been found for the enhancement factor
Thermal diffuse scattering and Fourier analysis of charge and spin density
No full textThe charge and spin form factors have been analysed away from the reciprocal lattice points in crystalline solids. The relevant formulae leading to the form factors have been discussed for a static as well as a thermally vibrating lattice
Simulation of the fast neutron void swelling in AISI 316 stainless steel. Dose and dose-rate dependences
No full textThe void swelling produced in AISI 316 by nickel ion bombardment has been studied as function of the temperature, the dose and the dose-rate. Though the general behaviour seems to confirm the qualitative theoretical predictions, high temperature swelling has been found to be enhanced at high doses
Specific heat enhancement and electron-phonon interaction in random binary alloys
No full textA simple model for treating the electron-phonon interaction in the low-temperature region in random binary alloys is developed within the coherent potential approximation. This approach exhibits the correct behaviour in the low-concentration limits and it is easy to use in numerical calculations. As an example it has been applied to Nb-Mo and Fe-Cr alloys
La creatividad como dimensión metodológica de la investigación social entre cantidad y calidad
Get PDFIn this work I address creativity in the process of social sciences research, comparing quantitative and qualitative approaches. In discussing creativity I go back to Chomsky and his distinction between rule-governed and rule-changing creativity. In my analysis I suggest that the quantitative approach is characterized by rule-governed creativity, the qualitative one by rule-changing creativity: these are two models of creativity that the Chomskian vision links to a set of rules. Thus in the first case the creation of the tools by which the researcher collects information is submitted to a set of rules related to substantial and procedural competences. In the second case the creative phase does not have a place in the creation of a tool, but rather in a performance. The idea of performance as a constitutive part in qualitative research is analysed on a substantial basis, revealing the implications of distinct creative processes under different methodological choices. Whilst a quantitative approach requires using procedural and substantial competences, I suggest that in a qualitative enquiry the researcher’s fieldwork is considered as a ‘performance’ because of its adaptive character. The researcher is constantly confronted with unforeseen situations, surrounded by an unknown environment. Also, this use of the notion of ‘performance’ comprehends both elements of the process as well as of the outcome of fieldwork, as it recalls peculiar characteristics of qualitative work: action and interaction, personal involvement and, above all, orientation to a purpose (in this context, the teleological purpose of knowledge production).En este trabajo abordo la creatividad en el proceso de investigación de las ciencias sociales, comparando los enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos. Al hablar de creatividad, vuelvo a Chomsky y a su distinción entre rule-governed y rule-changing creativity. En mi análisis, sugiero que el enfoque cuantitativo se caracteriza por rule-governed creativity, la cualitativa por rule-changing creativity: estos son dos modelos de creatividad que la visión chomskiana vincula con un conjunto de reglas. Así, en el primer caso, la creación de las herramientas mediante las cuales el investigador recopila información se somete a un conjunto de reglas relacionadas con competencias sustanciales y de procedimiento. En el segundo caso, la fase creativa no sucede en la creación de una herramienta, sino en un rendimiento. La idea de desempeño como parte constitutiva en la investigación cualitativa se analiza de manera sustancial, revelando las implicaciones de distintos procesos creativos bajo diferentes elecciones metodológicas. Si bien un enfoque cuantitativo requiere el uso de competencias sustanciales y de procedimiento, sugiero que en una investigación cualitativa el trabajo de campo del investigador se considera un “rendimiento” debido a su carácter adaptativo. El investigador se enfrenta constantemente a situaciones imprevistas, rodeado de un entorno desconocido. Además, este uso de la noción de “desempeño” abarca tanto los elementos del proceso, como el resultado del trabajo de campo, al recordar características peculiares del trabajo cualitativo: acción e interacción, participación personal y, sobre todo, orientación hacia un propósito (en este contexto, el propósito teleológico de la producción de conocimiento).Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació
Selling Science: Constructing a Work Identity on the Border between Academic and Business Worlds
No full textAbstract: The growth of the knowledge economy and the increasing interchange between industry and the academic
world are a consequence of neoliberal globalization, which has led to a blurring of the boundaries between science and
technology and between public and private spheres. In this new context, researchers should not be limited to producing
new knowledge, but should be able to attribute a commercial value to their findings. They must therefore try to
reconfigure their role and to redefine their work identity in order to adapt to a market-oriented context. The research
presented here is based on a case study of an academic spin-off operating in the field of biotechnology. The goal is to
analyze what type of organizational identity emerges in this new form of enterprise and, at the same time, how
researchers try to reconfigure their roles in response to conflicts and contradictions that arise when they attempt to
reconcile the logic of the market with that of pure science. We also focus on the results that show how the diffusion of the
idea of “social responsibility” of scientists has played a key role in redefining their work identity and the organizational
identity of the spin-off
Spin-dependent correlations in electron liquids: Feasibility of magnetic x-ray scattering experiment
No full textThe inelastic magnetic X-ray scattering is analysed and discussed in terms of spin-dependent electron-electron correlation functions. The relevance of the correlation functions is also discussed and the possibility of an experimental determination of the spin-dependent correlations by means of X-ray magnetic scattering is investigated
Ground-state energy of many-electron systems from x-ray-scattering cross sections
No full textIn the nonrelativistic limit and for a purely electrostatic Hamiltonian, an exact relation between the ground-state energy of a crystal and the x-ray-scattering cross section has been derived which allows us to distinguish static from dynamical (exchange and correlation) contributions. With the use of this relation and the corresponding one valid in the case of an isolated atom, it is possible to calculate the cohesive energy of a crystalline substance. Available x-ray cross-section data have been used to calculate the cohesive energy of Be, Si, Al, and Cu. In the case of Be, agreement of calculated cohesive energy with the thermochemical value is obtained if exchange and correlation contributions are included. For the other solids, a substantial disagreement increasing with atomic number has been evidenced. Poor agreement of calculated cohesive energies with thermochemical values is presumably to be attributed to a lack of sufficiently comprehensive sets of measured cross sections
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