1,721,059 research outputs found
DeepL traduce Maraini: le poesie metasemantiche "sotto gli occhi" della traduzione automatica
Full text linkoai:ai-ling.publia.org:article/4This study reflects on the translation of poetic texts characterised by literary occasionalisms by two MT systems: DeepL and Google Translate. A clear example of this is the translation process carried out in the processing of the metasemantic poems in the collection entitled Gnòsi delle fànfole by Fosco Maraini, whose invented words refer the reader to morphological and phonetic components that are known, but often not identifiable as such. By inserting, e.g., the entire text of the famous poem Il lonfo into the translators, these recognise cognitive patterns probably akin to the symbolism evoked by the morphological and phonological characters of the non-words used by the author and transpose these same patterns into non-romantic languages. Even though the final text in the target language is clearly far from a possible literary translation and the mechanism that leads one to pay attention to such textual components is not entirely transparent, the results seem to be in line with possible textual interpretations provided by a human translator. The research is thus aimed at demonstrating how machine translators, when attempting to translate similar texts, can highlight hidden text properties, such as iconic syntactic structures and phonosymbolic components, through statistical text processing.Il presente studio riflette sull’interpretazione dei testi poetici caratterizzati da occasionalismi letterari, da parte di due sistemi di traduzione automatica: DeepL e Google Translate. Ne è un chiaro esempio il processo traduttivo compiuto nell’elaborazione delle poesie metasemantiche presenti nella raccolta dal titolo Gnòsi delle fànfole di Fosco Maraini, le cui parole inventate rimandano il lettore a componenti morfologiche e fonetiche conosciute, ma spesso non identificabili come tali. Inserendo ad esempio l’intero testo della famosa poesia Il lonfo all’interno dei traduttori questi riconoscono modelli cognitivi probabilmente affini al simbolismo evocato dai caratteri morfologici e fonologici delle non-parole utilizzate dall’autore, e traspongono questi stessi schemi in lingue non-romanze. Nonostante il testo finale nella lingua d’arrivo sia chiaramente lontano da una possibile traduzione letteraria e nonostante il meccanismo che porta a prestare attenzione a tali componenti testuali non sia del tutto trasparente, i risultati sono a primo impatto conformi a possibli interpretazioni testuali fornite da un traduttore umano madrelingua. La ricerca si ripropone pertanto di dimostrare come i traduttori automatici, nel processo di traduzione di simili testi, possano mettere in evidenza proprietà del testo più nascoste, quali ad esempio strutture sintattiche iconiche e componenti fonosimboliche, attraverso un’elaborazione del testo di tipo statistico
A randomized trial of varenicline (Chantix) for the treatment of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.
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Expert consensus recommendations for improving and standardising the assessment of patients with generalised myasthenia gravis
Full text linkBackground: Regular and consistent disease assessment could provide a clearer picture of burden in generalised myasthenia gravis (gMG) and improve patient care; however, the use of assessment tools in practice lacks standardisation. This modified Delphi approach was taken to review current evidence on assessment tool use in gMG and develop expert-derived consensus recommendations for good practice. Methods: A European expert panel of 15 experienced gMG neurologists contributed to development of this consensus, four of whom formed a lead Sub-committee. The PICO (Population, Intervention, Control, Outcomes) framework was used to define six clinical questions on gMG assessment tools, a systematic literature review was conducted, and evidence-based statements were developed. According to a modified Delphi voting process, consensus was reached when ≥70% of the experts rated agreement with a statement as ≥8 on a scale of 1-10. Results: Eighteen expert- and evidence-based consensus statements based on six themes were developed. Key recommendations include: consistent use of the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living score (MG-ADL) across clinical settings, followed by a simple question (e.g., Patient Acceptable Symptom State [PASS]) or scale to determine patient satisfaction in clinical practice; use of a Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis [QMG] or quality of life [QoL] assessment when the MG-ADL indicates disease worsening; and consideration of symptom state to determine the timing and frequency of recommended assessments. Expert panel consensus was reached on all 18 statements after two voting rounds. Conclusions: This process provided evidence- and expert consensus-based recommendations for the use of objective and subjective assessment tools across gMG research and care to improve management and outcomes for patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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