322,903 research outputs found
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Determination of 3J(H infi supN ,C infi sup? ) coupling constants in proteins with the C?-FIDS method
No full textWe introduce the C′-FIDS-1H,15N-HSQC experiment, a new method for the determination of 3J(H infi supN ,C infi sup′ ) coupling constants in proteins, yielding information about the torsional angle ϕ. It relies on the 1H,15N-HSQC or HNCO experiment, two of the the most sensitive heteronuclear correlation experiments for isotopically labeled proteins. A set of three 1H,15N-HSQC or HNCO spectra are recorded: a reference experiment in which the carbonyl spins are decoupled during t1 and t2, a second experiment in which they are decoupled exclusively during t1 and a third one in which they are coupled in t1 as well as t2. The last experiment yields an E.COSY-type pattern from which the 2J(H infi supN ,C infi-1 sup′ ) and 1J(Ni,C infi-1 sup′ ) coupling constants can be extracted. By comparison of the coupled multiplet (obtained from the second experiment) with the decoupled multiplet (obtained from the first experiment) convoluted with the 2J(H infi supN ,C infi-1 sup′ ) coupling, the 3J(H infi supN ,C infi sup′ ) coupling can be found in a one-parameter fitting procedure. The method is demonstrated for the protein rhodniin, containing 103 amino acids. Systematic errors due to differential relaxation are small for nJ(HN,C′) couplings in biomacromolecules of the size currently under NMR spectroscopic investigation
DETERMINATION OF (3)J(H-I(N),C-I(')) COUPLING-CONSTANTS IN PROTEINS WITH THE C'-FIDS METHOD
No full textWe introduce the C'-FIDS-H-1, N-15-HSQC experiment: a new method for the determination of (3)J(H-i(N), C-i) coupling constants in proteins, yielding information about the torsional angle phi. It relies on the H-1, N-15-HSQC or HNCO experiment, two of the the most sensitive heteronuclear correlation experiments for isotopically labeled proteins. A set of three H-1, N-15-HSQC or HNCO spectra are recorded: a reference experiment in which the carbonyl spins are decoupled during t(1) and t(2), a second experiment in which they are decoupled exclusively during t(1) and a third one in which they are coupled in t(1), as well as t(2). The last experiment yields an E.COSY-type pattern from which the (2)J(HNiN, C-i-1) and (1)J(N-i, C-i-1) coupling constants can be extracted. By comparison of the coupled multiplet (obtained from the second experiment) with the decoupled multiplet (obtained from the first experiment) convoluted with the (2)J(H-i(N), C-i-1) coupling, the (3)J(HN:CI) coupling can be found in a one-parameter fitting procedure. The method is demonstrated for the protein rhodniin, containing 103 amino acids. Systematic errors due to differential relaxation are small for (n)J(H-N, C-n) couplings in biomacromolecules of the size currently under NMR spectroscopic investigation
NEW PRINCIPLE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF COUPLING-CONSTANTS THAT LARGELY SUPPRESSES DIFFERENTIAL RELAXATION EFFECTS
No full textDETERMINATION OF (3)J(H-I(N),C-I(')) COUPLING-CONSTANTS IN PROTEINS WITH THE C'-FIDS METHOD
No full textWe introduce the C'-FIDS-H-1, N-15-HSQC experiment: a new method for the determination of (3)J(H-i(N), C-i) coupling constants in proteins, yielding information about the torsional angle phi. It relies on the H-1, N-15-HSQC or HNCO experiment, two of the the most sensitive heteronuclear correlation experiments for isotopically labeled proteins. A set of three H-1, N-15-HSQC or HNCO spectra are recorded: a reference experiment in which the carbonyl spins are decoupled during t(1) and t(2), a second experiment in which they are decoupled exclusively during t(1) and a third one in which they are coupled in t(1), as well as t(2). The last experiment yields an E.COSY-type pattern from which the (2)J(HNiN, C-i-1) and (1)J(N-i, C-i-1) coupling constants can be extracted. By comparison of the coupled multiplet (obtained from the second experiment) with the decoupled multiplet (obtained from the first experiment) convoluted with the (2)J(H-i(N), C-i-1) coupling, the (3)J(HN:CI) coupling can be found in a one-parameter fitting procedure. The method is demonstrated for the protein rhodniin, containing 103 amino acids. Systematic errors due to differential relaxation are small for (n)J(H-N, C-n) couplings in biomacromolecules of the size currently under NMR spectroscopic investigation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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