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    ANALISIS MODERASI BERAGAMA PERSPEKTIF YUSUF AL-QARDHAWI DAN M. QURAISH SHIHAB SERTARELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM

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    ABSTRAK Keragaman merupakan bagian dari ciri khas Indonesia. Keberagaman Indonesia sedikit terganggu dengan munculnya paham�paham ektrimisme. Pada akhir-akhir ini, pemahaman terhadap Islam radikal terasa semakin menguat yang ditandai dengan banyaknya kasus intoleransi baik pada lingkungan masyarakat maupun di sekolah. Hal ini tentu saja menjadi persoalan yang harus segera diatasi karena dapat merusak konstruksi sosial masyarakat Indonesia yang sangat multikultur. Persoalan akan semakin rumit dan mengkhawatirkan ketika paham radikal dan intoleransi agama juga telah menjangkiti siswa di sekolah, karena merekalah yang nantinya menjadi penentu masa depan bangsa dan negara. Permasalahan diatas dapat diatasi dengan Moderasi beragama. Maka dari itu, penulis kemudian membahas tentang pemikiran tokoh dan intelektual muslim yang mencoba untuk merumuskan moderasi beragama dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam sesuai dengan harapan agama, bangsa dan negara, yaitu Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dan M. Quraish Shihab. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan Moderasi Beragama Perspektif Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dan M. Quraish Shihab Serta Relavansinya Terhadap Pendidikan Agama Islam. Dalam pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian adalah library research. Sebagaian data primer yaitu karya Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dan M. Quraish Shihab sedangkan data sekunder yaitu kepustakaan yang menunjang data primer. Tekhnik Pengumpulan data menggunakan tekhnik kepustakaan, sedangkan tekhnik analisis data menggunakan analisis isi (content analysis). Dari hasil temuan yang telah peneliti lakukan, peneliti menemukan adanya persamaan Pemikiran Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dan M. Quraish Shihab tentang moderasi beragama, dimana keduanya sama-sama memaknai moderasi beragama adalah cara beragama yang terbaik, seimbang, adil, toleran dan berada ditengah-tengah sikap ekstrim, keduanya juga sepakat lawan dari moderasi Bergama adalah sikap ekstrem (Ghuluww/Tatharruf), dan terdapat perbedaan Pemikiran Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dan M. Quraish Shihab tentang langkah-langkah mewujudkan moderasi beragama. Moderasi beragama perspektif Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dan M.Quraish Shihab relevan dengan pendidikan agama Islam, karena moderasi beragama vii perspektif Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dan M.Quraish Shihab dan pendidikan agama Islam sama-sama mengajarkan peserta didik maupun umat Islam untuk hidup damai dengan toleransi, rukun dan menghindari tindak kekerasan. Kata Kunci: Moderassi Beragama, Pendidikan Agama Islam, Yusuf Al�Qardhawi, M. Qoraish Shihab viii ABSTRACT Diversity is part of the characteristics of Indonesia. Indonesia's diversity has been slightly disturbed by the emergence of extremism. Lately, the understanding of radical Islam is getting stronger, which is marked by the many cases of intolerance both in the community and at school. This is of course a problem that must be addressed immediately because it can damage the social construction of Indonesian society which is very multicultural. The problem will be even more complicated and worrying when radical ideas and religious intolerance have also infected students at school, because they are the ones who will determine the future of the nation and state. The above problems can be overcome with religious moderation. Therefore, the author then discusses the thoughts of Muslim figures and intellectuals who try to formulate religious moderation in Islamic Religious Education in accordance with the expectations of religion, nation and state, namely Yusuf Al-Qardhawi and M. Quraish Shihab. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the Moderation of Religion in the Perspective of Yusuf Al-Qardhawi and M. Quraish Shihab and its Relevance to Islamic Religious Education. In this research approach using a qualitative approach to the type of research is library research. Some of the primary data is the work of Yusuf Al-Qardhawi and M. Quraish Shihab while the secondary data is literature that supports the primary data. The data collection technique uses library techniques, while the data analysis technique uses content analysis. From the findings that the researcher has done, the researcher found that there are similarities in the thoughts of Yusuf Al-Qardhawi and M. Quraish Shihab about religious moderation, where both of them interpret religious moderation as the best, balanced, fair, tolerant and in the middle way of religion. extreme attitudes, both of them also agree that the opposite of religious moderation is an extreme attitude (Ghuluww/Tatharruf), and there are differences in the thoughts of Yusuf Al-Qardhawi and M. Quraish Shihab regarding steps to realize religious moderation. Religious moderation from the perspective of Yusuf Al�Qardhawi and M.Quraish Shihab is relevant to Islamic religious education, because religious moderation from the perspective of Yusuf Al-Qardhawi ix and M.Quraish Shihab and Islamic religious education both teach students and Muslims to live in peace with tolerance, peace and avoid violence. Keywords: Religious Moderation, Islamic Religious Education, Yusuf Al�Qardhawi, M. Qoraish Shihab x ُخَّل ةَصٌ ِف ي ِ ِب طَف ا َ ر ْضطِ ِ ََل ا ِ اإلندونيسي إ ُ وع َُّ َض التَّ ن َّ ر َ َع ِص إندونيسيا. ت ائ َ ْ خص ن ِ م ٌ ء ْ ز ُ ُ ج وع َُّ التَّ ن ي الَّذِ َ َى، و ْو أَق ي َكاِِلُّ ِ اد َّ الر ُ ََلم ْ ِم اْإلِس ُ َه ف َ َح ْصب ، أَ ِ ة َ ري اْْلَخِ ِ َة ِف. ِِف اْْلِون ُّ ِب ظُهوِر التَّطَر َ ب َ ِس ب دِ َ الْع ِ ب ُ م تَّسِ َ ي ً ُ َش َّكلَة ِع م ْ ب الطَّ ِ ب ِ ه َذِ . ه ِ ة َ س َ ْدر َ الْم َ ِع و َ َم ت ْ ُج الْم َ ن ِ ص ِب ِِف ُك ُّل م ُّ َ اََل ِت التَّ ع َ ْ ح ن ِ م يدِ َ ت ْ ُج لْم ِ ل ِّ ي اعِ َ م ِ ت ْ اَْلِج ِ اء َ ن ِ الْب ِ ب ُ ر َ ال َّضر ُ ق َ لْح َ ْن ت ْ ُّ ُك َّن أَْ َ ا َي َ َن َّه ِر ْلِ ْ َو لَى الْف َ ا ع َ ُه ت َ ا ََل َ ع ُ م ُ ََيِب َ ع َ م َ ع َ ت ُ اإلندونيسي م ا َ َم ْد ن عِ َ لَق ْ لَق ِ ل ً ة َ ري ِ ث ُ م َ ا و ً يد ِ ق ْ َع ت َ ر َ ْكث أَ ُ ُ َش َّكلَة ِّ ُن الْم َكو ُ ت َ ً. س َّة ي ِ ا َ لَغ ِ ِت ل ا َ اف َ الث َّق َ دد ِّ ِم الَّ ُ ه ْ م ُ َن َّه ، ْلِ ِ ة َ س َ ْدر َ ْ ًضا ِِف الْم ُب أَي ََلَّ الطَّ ديِِنُّ ال ِّ ُ صب ُّ َ التَّ ع َ ُ و َة ف ِّ َطَر ت ُ الْم ُ ْ َكار اْْلَف ُ ِصيب ُ ت َ ين ذِ د ِّ َ ُح ي َ س . ِ لَة ْ ال َّدو َ و ِ اْْلَُّمة َ ل َ ب ْ ق َ ت ْ ُس وَن م ُ د ِّ ل َ ؤ ُ ُش الْم ِ اق َ ن ُ َك ي ِ َذل ِ . ل ِّ ديِِن ِل ال ِّ ا َ د ِ ت ْ ع اَْلِ ِ ب ُ ََْلَه أع َ ة َ ْذُكور َ ِل الْم َ َشاكِ لَى الْم َ ع ُ ب ُّ ل َ التَّ غ ُ ن ُْكِ ُف َي َ ين َني الَّذِ مِ ِ ل ْ ُس َني الْم ِ َّقف َ ث ُ الْم َ ِت و َّا ْخ ِصي ْ َكاِر ال َّش َك أَف ِ ل َ ذَ ْد ع َ ب ِّ ديِِن ِل ال ِّ ا َ د ِ ت ْ ع اَْلِ َ َغة ا َ اِولُوَن ِصي َ ُُي يوسف الْ ْ ُم ه َ ، و ِ لَة ْ ال َّدو َ و ِ اْْلَُّمة َ دي ِن و ِت ال ِّ ا َ ُّ ع ق َ َو ت ِ ا ل ً ْق ف َ و ِ َّة ي ِ ََلم ْ اْإلِس ِ َّة ي ِ دين ال ِّ ِ ة َ ي بِ ْ َضاِو َّي ِِف التَّ ر َ َر ق َ و ُ ه ِ ة َ اس َ در ال ِّ ِ ه َذِ ه ْ ن ِ َ ُض م َر ٍب. الْغ ا َ ه ِش شِ ْ ي َ ُر ق َ َ َّمد ُُم َ و ْ ن ِ دي ِن م ِِف ال ِّ ِ َّة ي طِ َ س َ َ ْص ُف الْو و َ و ٌ يل ِ ل ََتْ ِ َّة ي ِ ََلم ْ اْإلِس ِ َّة ي ِ دين ال ِّ ِ ة َ ي بِ ْ التَّ ر ِ ا ب َ ه ِ َى ِصلَت د ُ م َ ٍب و ا َ ه ِش شِ ْ ي َ ُر ق َ َ َّمد ُُم َ َضاِو َّي و َ َر ْظُوِر يوسف الْق ن َ م . ِِف الْ َ ْع َو ن ِ ي ل عِ ْ َو ِج ن ْ َه ن امِ َ ْخد ِ ت ْ س ِ ا ِ ب ِّ ي ِ ث ْ َح ِج الْب ْ َذا النَّ ه َ ه ِن ِ م َ ِت. و ا َ ب َ ْكت َ ْ ُث ِِف الْم َح الْب َ و ُ ِث ه ْ َح ب ِ َّة ِوي َ ِت الثَّان ا َ ان َ ي َ ا الْب َ َم ن ْ ي َ ِب ب ا َ ه ِش شِ ْ ي َ ُر ق َ َ َّمد ُُم َ َضاِو َّي و َ َر يوسف الْق َ ل َ َم ع ِ َّة ي ِ َّول ِت اْْلَ ا َ ان َ ي َ الْب ُ َّة ي ِ ن ْ ق ِ ت ُ م َ ْخدِ ت ْ َس ُ. ت َّة ي ِ َّول ُت اْْلَ ا َ ان َ ي َ الْب ُ م ِّ َع ُد ٍت ت ا َ ف ِّ ل َ ؤ ُ م ا َ َم ن ْ ي َ ، ب ِ ة َ ب َ ْكت َ ُت الْم َّا ي ِ ن ْ ق ِ ِت ت ا َ ان َ ي َ الْب َ ََجَع َى. َو ت ْ ُح الْم َ يل ِ ل ِت ََتْ ا َ ان َ ي َ يِل الْب ِ ل ََتْ ُ َّة ي ِ ن ْ ق ِ ت ُ م َ ْخدِ ت ْ َس ت ْ َكاِر ٍت ِِف أَف ا َ ه ُ َ َشاب َك ت ا َ ن ُ أَ َّن ه ُ ة َ ث احِ َ ِت الْب َ د َ ج َ َ، و ة َ ث احِ َ ا الْب َ ه ْ لَي ِ ْت إ َّصلَ َ َو ِج الَِِّت ت ِ ائ َ النَّت َ ن ِ م لَى أَ َ ْ ًضا ع ن أَي ا ِّ َ ق ِ تَّف َ ا ي َ ََل ُُه ُ، كِ َة ف ِّ َطَر ت ُ ُف الْم ِ اق َ و َ . الْم ِّ ِِن ْ ِط ال َّدي َ س َ َضاِو َّي وم. ِِف الْو َ يوسف الْق َّن َر ٍت ِِف ا َ ف ََلَ ِ ت ْ خ ِ َك ا ا َ ن ُ ه َ َّ َف(، و ر َ لَُّو / التَّح ُ ِّ ُف) الْغ َطَر ت ُ ُف الْم ِ ق ْ و َ الْم َ و ُ ِّ ه ديِِن ِل ال ِّ ا َ د ِ ت ْ ع اَْلِ َ ْكس َ ع أَ َّن ِ . إ ِّ ديِِن ِل ال ِّ ا َ د ِ ت ْ ع اَْلِ ُ يق ِ ق ْ َح ت ِ ِت. ل ا َ َطْو ٍب ِِف ا ْْل ا َ ه ْ ُش شِ ي َ ُر َضاِو َّي وم. ق َ َر ْ َكاِر يوسف الْق ف ي ِم ِ ل ْ التَّ ع ِ ب ِ صلَة ِّ يِق ال ِ ث َ ِب و ا َ ه ِش شِ ْ ي َ ُر ق َ َ َّمد ُُم َ َضاِو َّي و َ َر ْظُوِر يوسف الْق ن َ م ْ ن ِ م ديِِنَّ اَل ال ِّ َ د ِ ت ْ ع اَْلِ اْإلِ ِّ ديِِن ٍب ال ِّ ا َ ه ِش شِ ْ ي َ ُر ق َ َ َّمد ُُم َ َضاِو َّي و َ َر ْظُوِر يوسف الْق ن َ م ْ ن ِ م ِ َّة ي ِ ن ْ ال َّدي ِ َّة ي طِ َ س َ َ َّن الْو ، ْلِ ِّ ي ِ ََلم ْ س xi التَّ َ ع َ م ُ ُّسََّلم ا. ال َ يه ِ ْ َش ف ي َ الْع َ ْنيِ م ِ ل ْ ُس الْم َ َب و ََلَّ ُّ الط انِ َ لَم ْ ع َ ي ِّ ي ِ ََلم ْ اْإلِس ِّ ديِِن ي ِم ال ِّ ِ ل ْ التَّ ع َ و ِح ُ ام َ س ُّس ال َ ِف و . ْ ن ُ ُّ ِب الْع ن َ ََت َ و ََّلمِ ُت ال َدالةٌة ا ة م ِ الْ ةكل َ َ َّمد ُُم َضاِو َّي، َ َر َ، يوسف الْق َّة ي ِ ََلم ْ اْإلِس َ َّة ي ِ دين ال ِّ َ ة َ ي بِ ْ ُ، التَّ ر َّة ي ِ دين ال ِّ ُ َّة ي طِ َ س َ : الْو ٍب ا َ ه ِش شِ ْ ي
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    Author Instructions

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    Cartographic Perspectives (E-Journal - North American Cartographic Information Society, NACIS)

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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    KONSEP MODERASI ISLAM PERSPEKTIF M. QURAISH SHIHAB DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM KONTEMPORER

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    ABSTRAK Indonesia adalah negara yang terdiri dari banyak suku, golongan, ras dan agama, tentu sangat mudah terciptanya perpecahan didalamnya. Perpecahan bangsa Indonesia banyak bersumber dari ideologi-ideologi liberal dan ekstrimis yang masuk dalam ajaran Islam. Untuk melawan dua arus besar tersebut, saat ini pemerintah Indonesia tengah gencar-gencarnya untuk mewujudkan moderasi Islam. Pendidikan merupakan bagian penting dalam mewujudkan cita- cita moderat yang diusung pemerintah Indonesia. Penegasan tentang pentingnya memasukan materi moderasi pun ada dalam Undang- undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2017 yang menyebutkan bahwa penyelenggara sistem pembukuan berasaskan pada kebhinekaan, kebangsaan, kebersamaan, kenusantaraan, keadilan, gotong-royong dan kebebasan. Pemerintah terus menggalakkan program moderasi islam yang sudah masuk dalam Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2020-2024. Kemenag telah menjabarkan moderasi beragama dalam Rencana Strategis (renstra) pembangunan di bidang keagamaan lima tahun mendatang. Pada konteks Indonesia saat ini, ada salah satu tokoh yang disebut-sebut sebagai mufasir moderat, yakni M. Quraish Shihab. Melalui banyak karyanya, tokoh mufasir Indonesia ini cukup terkenal sebagai ulama yang mengedepankan persatuan bangsa ditengah kemajemukan di Indonesia. Adapun tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsep moderasi islam perspektif Muhammad Quraish Shihab dan relevansinya terhadap pendidikan agama islam kontemporer. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah library research atau penelitian kepustakaan. Sumber data berdasarkan sumber data primer (pokok) dan sekunder (penunjang atau pendukung). Sifat penelitian berupa deskriptif kualitatif dimana metode yang berusaha menggambarkan dan mnginterpretasi objek sesuai apa adanya, data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa M. Quraish Shihab melihat bahwa dalam moderasi (wasathiyyah) terdapat pilar-pilar penting. Pilar-pilar penting tersebut yaitu Keadlian ii(adalah), berkeseimbangan (tawazun), toleransi (tasāmuḥ) mengambil jalan tengah (tawassuth) musyawarah (syura). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa konsep moderasi islam perspektif M. Quraish Shihab menurut peneliti relevan dengan pendidikan agama islam kontemporer. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya materi-materi pendidikan agama islam yang sesuai pada konsep moderasi islam perspektif M. Quraish shihab. Kata Kunci: Moderasi Islam, Pendidikan Agama Islam, M. Quraish Shiha
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    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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    Kent Academic Repository

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
    Research Papers in Economics

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods
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    Author Index

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    Nao informado

    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
    ZENODO

    PENINGKATAN TEMPERAT URUDARA BILAS PADA MESIN INDUK DI MT. PIS POLARIS

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    Intisari-Proses pembakaran pada mesin diesel dapat terjadi dengan adanya unsur bahan bakar, panas, dan udara. Dalam proses pembakaran dan proses udara bilas, udara bertekanan diperoleh dari turbocharger yang kemudian di dinginkan oleh intercooler lalu ditampung didalam ruang scaving air. Siklus pembakaran bergantung dari suhu udara yang dimasukkan ke dalam silinder. Penelitian ini menggunakan rumusan masalah yaitu apa faktor penyebab, apa dampak dari faktor penyebab, dan bagaimana upaya untuk menangani dampak dari faktor penyebab, dengan metode atau pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam menganalisis permasalahan yaitu menggunkan teknik observasi (pengamatan), wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan penelitian, beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan naiknya temperatur udara bilas adalah permasalahan pada turbocharger yaitu kotornya filter udara dan sudu-sudu pada compressor side turbocharger, kurang optimalnya pendinginan oleh intercooler karena tersumbatnya pipa pendingin dan kotornya kisi-kisi udara pada intercooler, kemudian tekanan air laut yang kurang karena kotornya filter sea chest
    Repository Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang
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