180,773 research outputs found
Arcithelphusa Pati & Sudha Devi 2015
No full textArcithelphusa Pati & Sudha Devi, 2015 (Figs. 2 A–F, 3B, C, D, E–K, N–P, 4A–F) Arcithelphusa Pati & Sudha Devi 2015a: 35; Pati et al. 2017: 1297 (list); Rajesh et al. 2017: 134 (list); Pati & Thackeray 2018: 10 (list). Type species. Arcithelphusa cochleariformis Pati & Sudha Devi, 2015, by original designation; gender feminine. Diagnosis [emended from Pati & Sudha Devi (2015a)]. Carapace ovate, broader than long (cw/cl = 1.2–1.4), relatively deep (ch/cw = 0.6–0.7); dorsal surface arched, almost smooth; anterolateral margin lacking distinct serrations; front strongly deflexed, with narrow frontal margin (fw/cw = 0.25); epigastric cristae only visible as 2 low, broad, oval protuberances; postorbital cristae indistinct; external orbital angle indistinct; epibranchial tooth indistinct; branchial regions highly inflated; cervical grooves relatively shallow, not reaching beyond level of postorbital cristae; frontal median triangle incomplete, lateral margins indiscernible; epistome posterior margin with triangular median lobe and sinuous lateral lobes (Figs. 2A, B, D, E, 4A, B, D, E). Third maxilliped exopod longer than ischium, lacking flagellum or with relatively short flagellum, ca. 0.5× width of merus (Fig. 3B, N). Chelipeds relatively smooth (Figs. 2 A–F, 4A–F). Ambulatory legs slender, long (Figs. 2 A–F, 4A–F). Suture between male thoracic sternites s2/s3 shallow or deep, broad, not reaching edge of sternum; suture between male thoracic sternites s3/s4 deep, broad, reaching edge of sternum (Figs. 2C, F, 3C, 4C). Pleonal locking mechanism with low, anteriorly directed tubercles on each antero-submedial part of sternite 5 (Fig. 3I). Male sternopleonal cavity long, reaching imaginary line joining medial part of cheliped coxae (Figs. 2C, F, 4C). Male pleon narrowly triangular, with concave lateral margins; pleonal somite 6 trapezoidal, broader than long, with gently convex lateral margins (Figs. 2C, F, 3D, 4C). Male telson narrow, with strongly concave lateral margins; apex rounded (Figs. 2C, F, 3D, 4C). G1 relatively stout, with large flexible zone, tip not reaching pleonal locking structure; terminal segment relatively short, ca. 0.3–0.4× length of subterminal segment, medial portion distinctly curved outwards, dorsal flap absent or low, broad; subterminal segment relatively stout, with strongly convex outer margin at basal half (Fig. 3 E–G, I, J, O). G2 short, ca. 0.6–0.7× length of G1; distal segment very short, ca. 0.2× length of basal segment (Fig. 3H, K, P). Remarks. Among the Indian genera of gecarcinucid crabs, Arcithelphusa is most close to Cylindrotelphusa in carapace morphology and gonopod structures (see Pati & Sudha Devi 2015a; Pati et al. 2017). Both the genera can be distinguished from other Indian gecarcinucid genera mainly by the presence of a relatively deep carapace (ch/cw = 0.5–0.7), a narrow frontal margin (ca. 0.25 times the carapace width), an incomplete frontal median triangle, and a short G2 distal segment (ca. 0.2–0.3 times the length of the basal segment) (Figs. 2B, E, 3H, K, P, 4B, E; see Bahir & Yeo 2007: figs. 4D, 5B; Pati et al. 2017: figs. 11b, 12d, 13b, 14d). Other major characters common to both are their strongly convex dorsal surface, the highly inflated branchial regions, the prominent and triangular median lobe on the epistome posterior margin, a narrowly triangular male pleon, and a short G2 (Figs. 2 A–F, 3D, E, H, J, K, O, P, 4A–E; see Bahir & Yeo 2007: figs. 4A, D, 5A–C; Pati et al. 2017: figs. 11a–c, h, 12a, d, 13a–c, h, 14a, d). While they share many features of the carapace and gonopods, the flagellum on the exopod of the third maxilliped shows considerable variations. The flagellum on the third maxilliped exopod is altogether absent in A. cochleariformis (Fig. 3N) whereas it is distinct but short in A. tumpikkai sp. nov., reaching nearly half the merus width (Fig. 3B). On the other hand, all the species of Cylindrotelphusa have a well-developed and relatively long flagellum on the third maxilliped exopod, which reaches up to 0.6–0.7 times the merus width (see Pati et al. 2017: figs. 11i, 13i). The variations in the length of the flagellum on the third maxilliped exopod could be associated with the ecological requirements of each species of Arcithelphusa and Cylindrotelphusa. According to Cumberlidge (1999), the presence of a long flagellum on the third maxilliped exopod of a crab is a plesiomorphic state, and the absence of the said flagellum is an apomorphic state, which is common in air-breathing crabs and mostly associated with the adaptations of the respiratory system by the relatively terrestrial species of freshwater crabs (see Ng & Shokita 1995). Cumberlidge (1999) also noted that this character is useful to distinguish some genera of the West African crabs. The presence or absence of a flagellum on the third maxilliped exopod, however, is not a reliable character to exclusively define Arcithelphusa and Cylindrotelphusa because the condition of the flagellum varies considerably among their species depending upon the habitat preferences. Huang (2018) recently found that some crab genera are strikingly similar in external morphology, and the use of the G1 characters alone could be problematic to define them. In these situations, he suggested using a combination of characters that are apparently under less environmental selective pressure, such as male pleon, G1, and female vulvae. Furthermore, a molecular study has now become necessary to support morphological data (see Shih et al. 2016; Huang 2018). Currently, no molecular data is available for Arcithelphusa and Cylindrotelphusa, and the female vulvae were not described for all the species. Their male pleon is quite similar in morphology. On the contrary, the G1 structure is a reliable character to set them apart. While the generic treatment of Arcithelphusa needs investigation based on morphological and molecular data, we still continue to recognize the genus and provide here an emended diagnosis to accommodate both A. cochleariformis and A. tumpikkai sp. nov. Arcithelphusa can be now distinguished from Cylindrotelphusa by the following suite of characters: the anterolateral margins of the carapace lack distinct serrations (Figs. 2A, D, 4A, D) (vs. with distinct serrations; see Bahir & Yeo 2007: fig. 5A; Pati et al. 2017: figs. 11a, 13a); the third maxilliped exopod lacks a flagellum (Fig. 3N) or with a short flagellum that reaches half the merus width (Fig. 3B) (vs. with a well-developed flagellum that reaches beyond half the merus width; see Pati et al. 2017: figs. 11i, 13i); the chelipeds are relatively smooth (Figs. 2 A–F, 4A–F) (vs. rugose; see Bahir & Yeo 2007: fig. 5A–C; Pati et al. 2017: figs. 11a, c, d, 13a, c, d); the G1 is relatively stout with a large flexible zone (Fig. 3 E–G, J, O) (vs. relatively slender with a reduced flexible zone; see Bahir & Yeo 2007: fig. 4A–C; Pati et al. 2017: figs. 12a–c, 14a–c); the G1 terminal segment is relatively short, ca. 0.3–0.4 times the length of the subterminal segment (Fig. 3E, J, O) (vs. relatively long, ca. 0.4–0.6 times the length of the subterminal segment; see Bahir & Yeo 2007: fig. 4A; Pati et al. 2017: figs. 12a, 14a); the G1 subterminal segment is relatively stout, with a strongly convex outer margin at the basal half (Fig. 3E, F, J, O) (vs. relatively slender, with a straight to gently convex outer margin at the basal half; see Bahir & Yeo 2007: fig. 4A, B; Pati et al. 2017: figs. 12a, c, 14a, c). Distribution. The genus is endemic to the Western Ghats of India and known only from Wayanad district of Kerala (Fig. 1).Published as part of Pati, S. K., Sujila, P. S. & Devi, A. R. Sudha, 2019, Description of a new species of freshwater crab of the genus Arcithelphusa Pati & Sudha Devi, 2015 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghats, Kerala, India, pp. 203-214 in Zootaxa 4674 (2) on pages 205-207, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4674.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/345892
Resilience and Resistance: Women in Sudha Murty’s Select Short Stories
No full textSudha Murty is celebrated globally for her remarkable storytelling expertise, who intricately weaves poignant narratives that navigate the spectrum of human emotions and experiences. The collections of short stories Three Thousand Stitches, Wise and Otherwise and The Day I Stopped Drinking Milk written by Sudha Murty serve as a treasure trove, delving into prevalent societal issues with keen sensitivity. Through relatable characters navigating life\u27s challenges, Sudha Murty adeptly sheds light on themes like gender equality, poverty, women empowerment, and education disparities. By interweaving such societal issues into her narratives, she not only raises awareness but also prompts for introspection among readers. They offer a nuanced exploration of the challenges faced by women in traditional Indian society and their journey towards empowerment. Moreover, Sudha Murty\u27s stories feature ordinary women facing extraordinary circumstances, making a lasting impact on society. Accordingly, this research paper explores the select short stories of Sudha Murty to examine the theme of women empowerment. It investigates how female characters in the select short stories of Sudha Murty assert their rights and redefine their roles in the face of patriarchal structures, societal expectations, and personal challenges. Thus, the purpose of this study is to demonstrate how contemporary literature represents women\u27s empowerment, resilience, and resistance
Spiralothelphusa gibberosa, a new freshwater crab (Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from Thrissur district, Kerala, India
No full textPati, S. K., Sudha Devi, A. R. (2015): Spiralothelphusa gibberosa, a new freshwater crab (Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from Thrissur district, Kerala, India. Zootaxa 3963 (3): 416-424, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3963.3.
Synthesis and characterizations of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Sr2+ containing divinyl monomers and their melt grafting reaction with LLDPE: an FTIR approach
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
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