1,720,954 research outputs found
Building Digital Cities and Digital Nations: Singapore, Thailand, China
No full textDespite critiques of the “smart city,” the term has found new life in many parts of the world, morphing from a corporate marketing effort to an “imaginary” of national development. In the mid 2010s, the idea of a “Fourth Industrial Revolution” predicted that the emergence of 5G connectivity and the Internet of Things (IoT) would enable an even greater extraction of data from physical environments and objects. Around this time, three countries compared in this dissertation adopted these ideas into their national development plans: Singapore’s Smart Nation (2014), Thailand 4.0 (2016), and Made in China 2025 (2015). These policies also resulted in urban pilot projects including city data platforms, IoT sensor systems, and digital twins. How and why did the “smart city” and “4th IR” resonate with political leaders and national histories in these countries, and how is the trajectory of urban technologies in these contexts co-produced through an interplay between political institutions, culture, and material effects of technologies themselves? This dissertation draws on the perspectives of science and technology studies (STS), political science of late development, and urban theory to understand the implications of these experiments for the future of cities and more broadly, the future of data capitalism.
The dissertation draws on 10 months of fieldwork across three countries involving interviews with key stakeholders, process tracing of policy and project evolution, archival and policy analysis, site visits, and grounded theory development afforded by these different methods. In addition to serving as testbeds for the nation, pilot projects examined in each country are symbolic showcases shaped by visions of national identity and political dynamics. In Singapore, digital twins and embedding of IoT sensors in biotic environments transform the city into a showroom for the “urban solutions” sector and reinforce its identity as a “city in a garden.” In Thailand, the push for digitization of city data is intertwined with questions of sovereignty in a polity long dominated by its capital city and riven by persistent political unrest. Meanwhile in China, the development of Xiong’an New Area and its digital infrastructure is promoted as demonstrating a “new development concept” driven by indigenous innovation, digital urban services, and greater central control over urban development.
The rise of platform capitalism has been predicated on the value of data as an asset monopolized by private firms. Platform companies, eager for greater control over urban data, have tried to build new digital urban districts, exemplified by Google’s Quayside in Toronto, which failed due to citizens’ fear of more personal data being surrendered to a corporation. However, in the countries I examine in this dissertation, urban data is increasingly seen as a resource for development and public infrastructure. This leads to an effort by a range of stakeholders to claim sovereignty over that data—from nations passing laws on data sovereignty within their territorial borders, to cities and local leaders deploying data platforms as a resource for municipal governance and local development, to firms that seek to profit from the proliferation of urban data and analytical platforms. Urban data has become a crucial albeit contested domain of state infrastructural power. The dissertation offers a new understanding of the transmutation of urban concepts in diverse contexts, and calls for planners and urban scholars to engage in reimagining alternative urban futures.Ph.D
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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