1,721,359 research outputs found
Learning Concept Hierarchies from Text Corpora using Formal Concept Anaylsis
Full text linkCimiano P, Hotho A, Staab S. Learning Concept Hierarchies from Text Corpora using Formal Concept Anaylsis. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR). 2005;24:305-339
Learning Concept Hierarchies from Text Corpora using Formal Concept Analysis
Full text linkCimiano P, Hotho A, Staab S. Learning Concept Hierarchies from Text Corpora using Formal Concept Analysis. Karlsruhe: Universität Karlsruhe, Institut für Angewandte Informatik und Formale Beschreibungsverfahren (AIFB); 2004
A short note on social-semiotic networks from the point of view of quantitative semantics
No full textMehler A. A short note on social-semiotic networks from the point of view of quantitative semantics. In: Alani H, Staab S, Stumme G, eds. Proceedings of the Dagstuhl Seminar on Social Web Communities: Dagstuhl Research Online Publication Server. 2008
OWL Web Ontology Language
No full textThe OWL Web Ontology Language is designed for use by applications that need to process the content of information instead of just presenting information to humans. OWL facilitates greater machine interpretability of Web content than that supported by XML, RDF, and RDF Schema (RDF-S) by providing additional vocabulary along with a formal semantics. OWL has three increasingly-expressive sublanguages: OWL Lite, OWL DL, and OWL Full. This document is written for readers who want a first impression of the capabilities of OWL. It provides an introduction to OWL by informally describing the features of each of the sublanguages of OWL. Some knowledge of RDF Schema is useful for understanding this document, but not essential. After this document, interested readers may turn to the OWL Guide for more detailed descriptions and extensive examples on the features of OWL. The normative formal definition of OWL can be found in the OWL Semantics and Abstract Syntax
From natural language to formal proof goal : Structured goal formalisation applied to medical guidelines
No full textThe main problem encountered when starting verification of goals for some formal system, is the ambiguity of those goals when they are specified in natural language. To verify goals given in natural language, a translation of those goals to the formalism of the verification tool is required. The main concern is to assure equivalence of the final translation and the original. A structured method is required to assure equivalence in every case. This article proposes a goal formalisation method in five steps, in which the domain expert is involved in such a way that the correctness of the result can be assured. The contribution of this article is a conceptual goal model, a formal expression language for this model, and a structured method which transforms any input goal to a fully formalised goal in the required target formalism. The proposed formalisation method guarantees essential properties like correctness, traceability, reduced variability and reusability
Fairness Implications of Encoding Protected Categorical Attributes
No full textPast research has demonstrated that the explicit use of protected attributes in machine learning can improve both performance and fairness. Many machine learning algorithms, however, cannot directly process categorical attributes, such as country of birth or ethnicity. Because protected attributes frequently are categorical, they must be encoded as features that can be input to a chosen machine learning algorithm, e.g. support vector machines, gradient boosting decision trees or linear models. Thereby, encoding methods influence how and what the machine learning algorithm will learn, affecting model performance and fairness. This work compares the accuracy and fairness implications of the two most well-known encoding methods: one-hot encoding and target encoding. We distinguish between two types of induced bias that may arise from these encoding methods and may lead to unfair models. The first type, irreducible bias, is due to direct group category discrimination and the second type, reducible bias, is due to the large variance in statistically underrepresented groups. We investigate the interaction between categorical encodings and target encoding regularization methods that reduce unfairness. Furthermore, we consider the problem of intersectional unfairness that may arise when machine learning best practices improve performance measures by encoding several categorical attributes into a high-cardinality feature
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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