1,720,972 research outputs found
Early increase in CGRP- and VIP-immunoreactive nerves in the skin of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
No full textDistribution of human i-NANC bronchodilator and nitric oxide-immunoreactive nerves.
No full textWe compared inhibitory nonadrenergic noncholinergic (i-NANC) neural relaxations, evoked by electrical field stimulation (EFS), at three levels (main [MA], proximal [PA], and distal [DA] airways) of isolated human airways and correlated these with nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive (NOS-IR) nerves, using antiserum raised to rat cerebellar NOS. Maximal relaxations to papaverine (100 microM) were reduced in PA and DA (MA: 1,712 +/- 219 mg, n = 12; DA: 862 +/- 69 mg, n = 5, P 5 Hz which was reduced in PA and DA. Cumulative concentration-response studies to sodium nitroprusside (1 nM to 0.1 mM) and the NO donor 3-morpholinosydnonimine (1 nM to 1 mM) were not significantly different in PA and DA, suggesting impaired relaxation is not caused by impaired guanylyl cyclase activity. Total nerve density, shown by protein gene product 9.5 staining, was not significantly different in PA and DA; however, NOS-IR nerve density was reduced in PA and DA (NOS-IR [intercepts/mm2]: MA: 705 +/- 98, n = 6; DA: 284 +/- 32, n = 6, P < 0.01 versus MA). These studies demonstrate that i NANC neural relaxations are reduced in DA, apparently due to a decrease in the density of nitrergic innervation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Immunization and challenge with toulene diisocyanate decrease tachykinin and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in guinea pig central airways
No full textToluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a potent sensitizer that causes occupational asthma in a significant proportion of subjects exposed. We used an animal model to investigate whether neuropeptide changes occur in the airways of immunized and TDI-challenged guinea pigs. Animals were immunized by weekly intradermal injections, challenged with TDI (5 to 20 ppb) after the third injection, and killed 6 h after exposure. Control guinea pigs received injections of saline. Lung tissue was processed immediately and analyzed for nerves using the streptavidin-biotin complex peroxidase method with antisera to the neural marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), substance P (SP), and calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP). We also quantified the inflammatory infiltrate in the submucosa of central airways, and we measured the serum level of specific IgG and IgG1. Specific antibodies against TDI were present only in immunized animals. Immunized as compared with nonimmunized animals had a significant incre..
C-myc and tumour suppressor gene product expression in developing and term human trophoblast
No full textOccurrence, distribution and possible role of the regulatory peptide endothelin in the nasal mucosa.
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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