1,370,845 research outputs found
Ophthalmic complications of spina bifida and hydrocephalus
No full textThis thesis represents an attempt to further our knowledge of the ophthalmic complications of spina bifida and hydrocephalus by means of literature review and a long term clinical study, and to determine whether regular ophthalmic supervision can assist in the general management of affected children. The ophthalmic complications of spina bifida have often been reported in the literature and thought to merit regular supervision of affected children, yet few centres currently offer this service. In this study 322 children attending one regional centre were examined repeatedly over a six year period by one ophthalmologist. Ophthalmic complications were found to be very common. They frequently provided evidence of raised intracranial pressure due to shunt dysfunction even when other objective evidence was lacking. Every spina bifida and hydrocephalus clinic should have an ophthalmalogist in its medical team. Preservation of visual function and early diagnosis of raised intracranial pressure in these children should result from this arrangement
Transition into adult healthcare services in Scotland –findings from a study concerning service users at the Scottish Spina Bifida Association
No full textBackground and Aims Literature on interventions that enable young people with Spina Bifida and/or Hydrocephalus to have smooth transition, into adult healthcare services, stress the need for the process to start early and to include all family members. The study reported here was set to quantify and articulate the experiences of service users who are or due to be going through the transition process in Scotland today. Methods and ResultsFocus group sessions, in the North of Scotland and in the ‘Central Belt’, captured rich qualitative data. A survey, sent to eligible participants on the Spina Bifida National database, offered complimentary data source. Despite the fact that the number of returned questionnaires was low (n=20) data analysis identified a number of core recurring themes. These include issues concerning Communications, Respect, Choice and Control. Findings suggest that there is a significant chasm between the political rhetoric and the reality faced by young people with Spina Bifida moving to adult healthcare services.ConclusionA possible way to facilitate successful transition of young people is using personal healthcare information as the locus for needed change. More research is needed to ascertain whether a ‘Person Centred Record’, which is set to empower young people on their transition pathway, is an appropriate transition tool. <br/
Pathological anatomy of spina bifida
No full textSpina bifida occulta results from incomplete closure of the neural tube around the twentieth day of embryonic development [1]. Spina bifida was described in the medieval literature and was recognized even earlier. Indeed, the association of foot deformities with sacral hypertrichosis may be the origin of the mythological figure of the satyr [2]. The term spina bifida encompasses the entire central nervous system, ranging from merely an absent spinous process through to myelomeningocele (MMC), Chiari malformation and hydrocephalus to cortical cytoarchitectural changes [2]. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Italia
Lifestyle in adults aged 35 years who were born with open spina bifida: prospective cohort study.
No full textBACKGROUND AND METHODS: From 1963 to 1971, 117 babies with open spina bifida were treated non-selectively from birth. In 2002 we reviewed all the survivors by postal questionnaire and telephone call. The aims were to find out how many were living independently in the community or were in open employment or drove a car. In addition to these achievements we recorded health, medication and admissions to hospital and asked how much daily help they needed.
RESULTS: Ascertainment was 100%. There had been 63 deaths, mainly of the most severely affected. The mean age of the 54 survivors was 35 years. The outcome in terms of disability ranged from apparent normality to total dependency. It reflected both the neurological deficit, which had been recorded in infancy in terms of sensory level, and events in the CSF shunt history. Overall about 2 in 5 of the survivors lived independently in the community, 2 in 5 drove a car, 1 in 5 was in competitive employment and 1 in 5 could walk 50 metres.
CONCLUSION: Although those who survived to age 35 years tended to be less disabled, 2 in 5 continued to need daily care
Gli obiettivi e i risultati della ricerca
No full textIl testo presenta il programma di ricerca intrapreso dalla Fondazione Rocco Chinnici e coordinato da A. La Spina, il cui primo risultato è il volume I costi dell'illegalità - Mafia ed estorsioni in Sicilia. La cultura dell’illegalità, molto diffusa nel Mezzogiorno, rappresenta uno dei più rilevanti ostacoli allo sviluppo economico e sociale di tale area. La gran parte delle stime quantitative, che pure esistono, lasciano a desiderare quanto a coerenza, controllabilità e attendibilità del percorso seguito per la loro formulazione (come viene illustrato nel testo). È necessario individuare con precisione e con cautele maggiori di quanto non sia stato fatto in passato, e attraverso percorsi metodologici controllabili, sia le caratteristiche e le dimensioni quantitative dei fenomeni illegali, sia le loro conseguenze economiche dirette e indirette. Quando si parla di illegalità nel contesto del Mezzogiorno si fa spesso senz’altro (ed esclusivamente) riferimento alle violazioni di norme penali da parte di organizzazioni di stampo mafioso. Questa è certamente la più rilevante forma di illegalità, pur non essendo l’unica. Vi sono altre forme di illegalità (assai rilevanti in un contesto come quello meridionale), come lo scambio occulto, connesso ai reati di corruzione o concussione; la «legalità debole», vale a dire l’inefficacia e/o la distorsione di norme rilevanti per l’attività economica, diverse da quelle di diritto penale; la criminalità comune. La ricerca si è concentrata sull’illegalità riconducibile alla criminalità mafiosa, per valutarne quantitativamente i costi, con particolare riferimento all’estorsione. Dal momento che, vista la natura del fenomeno, le dichiarazioni delle possibili vittime dell’estorsione sono necessariamente poco attendibili, si è scelto di avvalersi di dati assai meno sfuggenti, vale a dire le risultanze delle indagini giudiziarie, che oggi in moltissimi casi fotografano in modo oggettivo (attraverso intercettazioni, ritrovamenti di elenchi, registri, libri mastri e «pizzini», rivelazioni di collaboratori di giustizia, indagini patrimoniali e bancarie) le attività dei mafiosi. Sulla base di tali indicazioni, il gruppo di ricerca ha costruito una cospicua base di dati e formulato una stima monetaria del costo dell’estorsione attraverso un percorso controllabile
Introduzione a: Giovani e legalità in tempo di pandemia
No full textIntroduction to the book: Giovani e legalità in tempo di pandemi
Opinioni degli studenti e norme anticovid
No full textIn this chapter, the results of a research on young people's opinions and attitudes towards anticovid rules are presented.
The respondents were asked to answer the following question: "What is your opinion about f the measures taken by the government to combat the spread of the coronavirus?" The answers were subjected to a double analysis
Mafia-type Organisations and Extortion in Italy
No full textMafia-type organizations generate several distorting effects on the economy. In Italy their presence is endemic, and not only in Southern regions such as Sicily, Campania or Calabria. Such organizations endure the fierce and continuous pressure exerted by Italian anti-mafia policy, maybe the most articulate and effective such policy in the world. Nevertheless, they have survived by submerging, transforming, and relocating their operations.
The analysis of the different Mafias of today benefits from a huge amount of empirical data produced by investigators. This allows us to outline more reliable indexes of the penetration of Mafiosi in given territories, as well as to estimate the size of their activities in a transparent and empirically testable way. The contributions gathered in this book stem from the application of an innovative methodology originally introduced by the Fondazione Rocco Chinnici, and they enlarge our understanding of such a complex and dynamic phenomenon. After the presentation of the approach, the chapters are devoted to the Camorra's present situation, to an estimate of the size of extortion, to a comparison between Cosa Nostra and Camorra, to the analysis of wiretapped conversations and, finally, to the delocalization of Mafias and the perspectives of a European anti-mafia policy. This book was originally published as a special issue of Global Crime
Spina Bifida, Obesity, and Health: A Case Study
No full textABSTRACT\ud
SPINA BIFIDA, OBESITY, AND HEALTH: A CASE STUDY\ud
by\ud
Kerri A. McMurtry\ud
Master of Arts in Kinesiology\ud
California State University, Chico\ud
Spring 2010\ud
This investigation described the physiological characteristics of two trained subjects with spina bifida\(TSB). The subjects were of normal weight and met the ACSM guidelines for participating in physical exercise. The data were compared with existing data untrained subjects with spina bifida (UTSB).\ud
Peak power output (POpeak) and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) were assessed using arm ergometry. Body composition was assessed using dual x-ray absorptiometry. Glucose tolerance was determined using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after an overnight fast.\ud
VO2peak was 33% greater in male TSB compared to UTSB and female TSB VO2peak was 43% higher compared to UTSB. POpeak was 70 watts in the male TSB compared to 62 watts in the UTSB, a difference of 12%. Female TSB POpeak was 19% greater than UTSB (60 vs. 48.9 watts). Body fat percentage was 26.6% and 36% in male TSB and UTSB, respectively. Body fat percentage was 29 and 46% in female TSB and\ud
x\ud
UTSB. Fasting blood glucose in TSB was 89.5 mg/dl which is comparable to UTSB. After consuming a 75 gram glucose load, blood glucose was 127, 124, 111, and 62 mg/dl at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min in TSB.\ud
The results of the present study must be interpreted with caution it was a case study of two individuals. However, we can infer from these data that people who are physically active and within a normal weight respond positively to exercising as indicated by the higher VO2peak and maximum power output and more robust body composition (i.e., lower percent fat and high fat-free weight. This study supported the role of physical activity in promoting health in people with spina bifida.CSU, Chic
The spina bifida: Management and outcome
No full textThe evolution of technology has made new surgical techniques available for the treatment of diseases associated with the spina bifida malformation, and this is especially true in hydrocephalus and fetal surgery. The progress in this last field and in prenatal diagnosis have raised the significant problem of the effectiveness and usefulness of in utero surgical treatment of the malformation, that are extensively discussed in this volume. Also the clinical situations that can be seen in adolescents or young adults with spina bifida, including sexuality and pregnancy, are highlighted. Aim of this book is to promote a multidisciplinary approach to spina bifida, providing the three main specialists categories involved - neurosurgeons, orthopaedic surgeons, and urologists - with an updated overview of surgical approaches and with a concise reference that explains the main clinical problems to be faced in everyday clinical practice. © Springer-Verlag Italia 2008
- …
