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Pratiche ospedaliere a confronto. Effetto su allattamento, ansia, depressione postpartum e alcune caratteristiche del bambino
No full textAims This study was aimed to value the effect of some hospital practices (rooming-in, skin to skin) on mother’s and infant’s subjective and objective wellness. The indexes considered were: mother’s sleep and rest, subjective pain, level of anxiety, risk of depression, coping and subjective perception for the mother; infant’s weight and growth, Apgar score, icteric index, crying and soothability.
Methods Longitudinal study on 71 couples of mother and infant, divided into two groups according to the kind of hospital attended for the delivery: 34 from San Bonifacio (VR) hospital, that is following OMS/UNICEF guidelines and is defined Baby Friendly Hospital, and 37 from Arzignano (VI ) hospital (not following OMS/UNICEF guidelines at all). The research is based only on Italian healthy infants. The measures (January- March 2006) mentioned above were collected at hospital removal and after six weeks. Mothers were interviewed before leaving the maternity hospital through an open/ended questions interview and filled in the STAI; after six weeks the following measurement instruments were administered: a second interview, the STAI, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, a diary about infant crying and a questionnaire about strategies mother used to soothe her baby.
Results The qualitative analysis shows that in the hospital of San Bonifacio mothers give more importance to their closeness to their infant (according to BFH project) then mothers of Arzignano that give more importance to doctors and their role. The quantitative analysis shows the following significative differences: in the first group (San Bonifacio) 85,3% of infants were full breast-feeded, while in the second group only 32,4% of infants were; in the first group there was 97,1% of natural births (T.C. 17% in the last years) while in the second group there was 70,3% (T.C. over 25% in the last years); in San Bonifacio group 97,1% of mothers stayed with their children immediately after birth, while in the second group only the 2,9%; in the first group 88,2% of mothers practised total rooming-in while in the second group only the 2,9%.
After six weeks in the first group there were still more mothers that breast-feeded (any breastfeeding) their infants even if the difference in the trend isn’t significant ( in the first group from 84,8% at hospital removal to 60,6% after six weeks; in the second group from 34,3% at hospital removal to 37,1% after six weeks). Instead the difference in soothability and cry are significant: in the second group 20% of infants is difficult to comfort while in the first group only 3% of infants that cry also less. There aren’t significant results about level of anxiety and risk of postnatal depression after six weeks.
Discussion The hospital politics can influence the choice of mother about breast-feeding; a prompt and careful support from the health care professionals can help to promote breast-feeding with some practices as skin to skin and rooming-in. Another interesting data is the different rate of breastfeeding in the two hospitals after birth and after six weeks: which factors can influence these results? The tipe of birth and full breastfeeding can influence it? The children of the two groups show different levels of soothability: children of the second group are less consolable. More than whole variables that appear after hospital removal, is sure that breastfeeding influence this aspect.
Key words hospital practices, birth, breast-feeding, infant crying and soothabilit
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The role of emotional competences in parents’ vaccine hesitancy
Get PDFThe role of parents’ emotional competencies on vaccine hesitancy and decision making has been seldom examined. Two studies investigated the relationship between parents’ attitudes towards childhood vaccines and self-reported behavior (Study 1) and between parents’ emotional competence and attitudes towards vaccines (Study 2). In Study 1, predictors of temporal, partial, or complete vaccine refusal (having voluntarily postponed/forgone some/all vaccines) were examined in 2778 parents. In Study 2, psychological predictors of the attitude towards vaccines were examined in 593 parents, using the Profile of Emotional Competence and the valence of mental images spontaneously associated with the term “vaccine”. In Study 1, attitudes were aggregated in three independent factors (concerns about vaccine safety; diseases prevented by vaccines; and naturalistic views) that independently predicted vaccine refusal. In Study 2, a significant mediational analysis showed a positive indirect effect of intrapersonal emotional competences on attitudes towards vaccines, through mental images associated with the word “vaccine”. Parents’ intrapersonal emotional competences affected all dimensions of attitudes towards vaccines, suggesting that being able to manage, identify, and recognize one’s own emotions is central to vaccine acceptance. These findings suggest that intervention strategies, rather than stressing the pro-social benefits of vaccinating, should focus on aspects related to one’s own emotions
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