43 research outputs found
Numerical Simulation of Equatorial Ionospheric Response to Extra-Terrestrial High Energy Phenomena Using Ion Chemistry Models
No full textSub-MeV spectroscopy with AstroSat-CZT imager for gamma ray bursts
No full textCadmium–Zinc–Telluride Imager (CZTI) onboard AstroSat has been a prolific Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) monitor. While the 2-pixel Compton scattered events (100–300 keV) are used to extract sensitive spectroscopic information, the inclusion of the low-gain pixels (∼ 20% of the detector plane) after careful calibration extends the energy range of Compton energy spectra to 600 keV. The new feature also allows single-pixel spectroscopy of the GRBs to the sub-MeV range which is otherwise limited to 150 keV. We also introduced a new noise rejection algorithm in the analysis (‘Compton noise’). These new additions not only enhances the spectroscopic sensitivity of CZTI, but the sub-MeV spectroscopy will also allow proper characterization of the GRBs not detected by Fermi. This article describes the methodology of single, Compton event and veto spectroscopy in 100–900 keV combined for the GRBs detected in the first year of operation. CZTI in last five years has detected ∼ 20 bright GRBs. The new methodologies, when applied on the spectral analysis for this large sample of GRBs, has the potential to improve the results significantly and help in better understanding the prompt emission mechanism
Lower Ionospheric Plasma‐Chemical Evolution and VLF Signal Modulation by a Series of SGR X‐Ray Bursts: Numerical Simulation With an Ion‐Chemistry Model
No full textResponse of Earth's Upper Atmosphere and VLF Propagation to Celestial X‐Ray Ionization: Investigation With Monte Carlo Simulation and Long Wave Propagation Capability code
No full textModeling of long‐path propagation characteristics of VLF radio waves as observed from Indian Antarctic station Maitri
No full textNanomaterials for Environmental Engineering and Energy Applications
No full textScience and technology in the global scenario are in the path of newer scientific regeneration and rejuvenation. Today is the age of nanomaterials and engineered nanomaterials. The vast scientific prowess of nanomaterials applications, the needs of energy and environmental sustainability, and the futuristic vision of environmental protection will all lead a long and visionary way in unraveling the scientific truth of nanotechnology and material science. The worldwide energy demand is progressing at a rapid pace, and according to the forecasts of the International Energy Agency, it is expected to rise by approximately 50% until 2030. Currently over 80% of the primary energy demand is covered by fossil fuels. Although their reserves will last for few decades, they will not be able supply the huge demand of the energy in the future. Also, nuclear energy covers a part of the global energy demand and has an unforeseen future. Here comes the importance of nanomaterials, engineered nanomaterials, and renewable energy. In this chapter, the author with lucid and cogent insight elucidates on the applications of nanomaterials for environmental engineering and energy applications with a clear vision towards furtherance of global science and engineering. The scientific directions in the field of energy and environmental sustainability are also discussed and described in details. The main hallmark of this chapter is the detailed discussion on the recent and significant research endeavor in the field of nanomaterials applications in environmental protection, water purification, industrial wastewater treatment, and groundwater remediation. The other cornerstones of this treatise in the application of nanomaterials and nanotechnology in the field of energy science and engineering. The challenges, the vision, and the targets of energy engineering, renewable energy, and energy sustainability are also the salient features of this well-researched treatise. Science and engineering of nanomaterials and nanotechnology will surely open up new vistas of scientific discernment and deep scientific foresight as global environmental remediation and global concerns of renewable energy assumes immense importance. The author deeply targets and elucidates on these scientific issues and scientific intricacies
Non-Faradaic Electrolysis : Concurrent Migration of Nitrogen and other Electroneutral Molecules during Electrolysis
No full textDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Calcutta-32
Manuscript received 18 April 1973; accepted 25 May 1973
Low current electrolysis of sufficiently dilute solutions was previously shown by the author to exhibit a number of non-Faradaic features. It is now reported that when such electrolysis is carried out in a cell arrangement wherein the electrolyte in the non-electrodic region is exposed to an atmosphere of some electroneutral molecules for example, nitrogen, argon, etc., another highly unexpected feature is observed in addition to the usual non-Faradaic anomalies. A considerable volume of nitrogen or argon migrates away from the non-electrodic region and gets liberated with the electrode gases. Besides, a non-stoichiometric mixture of hydrogen and oxygen of comparable volume is simultaneously liberated in the region from where the nitrogen or argon migrates out
Biobased Materials and the Vast Domain of Environmental Pollution Control–A Critical Overview
No full textThe world of chemical engineering, environmental engineering, and nanotechnology is in the utmost need for civilization progress. Depletion of fossil fuel sources and loss of ecological biodiversity are veritably challenging the vast scientific firmament. Petroleum engineering science and fossil fuel sources are today standing in the midst of vast scientific vision, engineering ingenuity, and verve. Environmental pollution and energy crisis are two vital issues confronting humankind today. Sustainable development is today in a state of great disaster. Renewable energy scenarios and energy sustainability are today the need of the hour. Thus there is a need for the application of bio-based materials. The author deeply unveils the scientific challenges in the field of biotechnology and biological engineering. The other areas of scientific research endeavor are the field of biofuels and their vast and varied applications. Environmental and energy sustainability as regards the application of biofuels are the other cornerstones of this paper. Conventional and nonconventional environmental engineering techniques will surely open up new knowledge dimensions and scientific vision in the global scientific order in decades to come. A deep scientific understanding in the field of advanced oxidation processes, ozonation, membrane science, and desalination science are the other areas of scientific regeneration. Every new area of green and environmental sustainability is discussed in this paper. Drinking water and industrial wastewater treatment and its deep scientific profundity will surely unravel the scientific intricacies in the field of environmental engineering, water process engineering, and chemical engineering. Today, a newer scientific imagination and scientific progeny are emerging as civilization moves forward. Thus, the author targets the areas of renewable energy and energy sustainability
