1,720,964 research outputs found
Control Co-Design of a CO2-based Chiller System
Full text linkNatural refrigerant R744 (i.e., CO2, Carbon Dioxide) chillers are part of the current and next generation of chillers and find applications in various sectors, ranging from industrial processes to HVAC&R (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration) systems, including commercial refrigeration.
This technology is considered a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional refrigerants with practical well proven performance, enabling energy efficient and safe installations. However, designing and controlling a CO2 chiller poses new challenges due to its unique thermodynamic and fluid dynamic properties compared to conventional chillers. These characteristics strongly influence decisions made during the design or retrofitting of existing systems, where a mere refrigerant replacement approach to achieve energy-efficient system configurations would fall short. Understanding the potential improvements in system design and control, as well as their impact on costs and energy demand, represents the initial step toward fostering effective technological developments, strengthening industry capabilities, and generating market interest.
Within this framework, this doctoral Thesis centers on the control co-design (CCD) of a chiller that uses CO2 as a refrigerant. This involves the concurrent and integrated design of both the control system and the physical components of the cooling apparatus. By explicitly accounting for interactions between the control algorithms and the thermodynamic processes within the chiller, CCD aims to identify innovative solutions in both physical and control system design, paving the way for new levels of performance, efficiency, and enhanced functionality. The study was funded by the Italian National Research Council (CNR) and was carried out in collaboration with the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (USA) and the University of Minnesota – College of Science and Engineering (USA).
Key aspects of CCD for the CO2 chiller include: dynamic system modelling through a graph-based approach, the definition of the CCD problem in terms of an optimization problem and its solution via black-box optimization.
The outcomes reveal that the simultaneous optimization strategy offered by the CCD yields superior performance compared to the conventional sequential design process, wherein control designs are typically developed at the end, once the mechanical, thermodynamic, electrical, and other subsystems are completely defined
A static moving boundary modelling approach for simulation of indirect evaporative free cooling systems
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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