177,032 research outputs found
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Anandamide acts via kisspeptin in the regulation of testicular activity of the frog, Pelophylax esculentus
No full text"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Implementation of stimulated Raman losses and stimulated Raman gain microscopy using three femtosecond laser sources
No full textStimulated Raman scattering microscopy allows vibrational contrast mechanism for imaging with high spectral and spatial resolution along with three-dimensional sectioning. In this paper, the implementation of a Stimulated Raman Scattering microscope (SRSM), obtained by the integration of a femtosecond SRS spectroscopy set-up with an optical microscope equipped with a scanning unit, is described. Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Scattering microscope is equipped with three femtosecond laser sources:a Ti:Sapphire (Ti:Sa), a synchronized optical parametric oscillator (SOPO) and a frequency converters for ultrafast lasers, i.e. a second harmonic generator optimized for the SOPO. The proposed implementation allows to cover all the regions of Raman spectra, taking advantage of two different laser combinations. The first, Ti:Sa and SHG laser combination can cover in SRL modality the fingerprint region (500 - 1700 cm(-1)) and the silent region. The second, Ti:Sa and OPO, can cover the C-H region or O-H region (2800 - 3200 cm(-1)) in SRG modality. In order to demonstrate its successful realization Stimulated Raman Gain (SRG) and Stimulated Raman Losses (SRL) images of polystyrene beads are reported and discussed
Stimulated Raman Imaging of Lipids Droplets
No full textLipids are abundant in C-H-2 groups. Thus in their Raman spectrum, the relatively isolated peaks associated with C-H bond vibrational states at 2845 cm-1 provide a unique signature for lipids inside a cell, distinguishing them from other chemical species. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy allows vibrational contrast mechanism for imaging with high spectral and spatial resolution along with three-dimensional sectioning. SRS has proven to be particularly powerful for studying lipid rich structures. Additionally, lipid droplets (LDs) provide an especially strong signal for SRS microscopy.In this paper, the implementation of a microscope based on the femtosecond stimulated Raman scattering (fSRS) spectroscopy not commercially available, working into the C-H region or O-H region (2800 - 3200 cm-1) in stimulated Raman gain (SRG) modality is outlined. In addition, an investigation of LDs in fixed adipocytes is reported
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